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Substance Misuse among Vulnerable Groups of Young People from Institutional Facilities
Gruberová, Blanka
Issues regarding addictive substance usage are being intensively discussed these days. Significant changes within growing up periods of every individual make them very vulnerable. In this regard, growing up youth is considered as most threatened group. Jeopardy is even higher in the context of institutional rising. Particularly individuals in institutional care belong to most endangered group, with risk of early age habit-forming substance abuse. This dissertation is focused on addictive substance usage as a part of risk-behaviour syndrome while growing up. The aim is to introduce new findings in the framework of addictive substance usage by adolescents with decreed institutional rising and protection.
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The issue of drugs in traffic.
MELOUN, Jan
My final research deals with drug problem in drivers under the influence of drugs or psychotropic substances. This problematics I summary to the thesis called "The issue of drugs in traffic". The topics of drug or narcotic psychotropic substances (further OPL) in the body of drivers is up to date. The proportion of these drivers in constantly increasing in road traffic. This also increases the risk that this driver poses. The tesis is devided in two basic parts. Theoretical part contains an introduction to the issue from basic concept to the investigation methods. In practical part I present clinical and forensis toxicology laboratory tests from the hospital in České Budějovice, a.s., specifically I am interested in examinations by drivers requested by the Police of the Czech republic. Main topics of the research are drivers captured by the police on the basis of positive screening test (on - road) and by individuals OPL groups in the period 2014 - 2016. 1630 people were required to have an examination for 2197 OPL groups in this time period in laboratory of clinical and forensic toxicology in the hospital in České Budějovice. Positive result for OPL was found in 1450 people. By the way this research founded that in this time period numbers of required examinations by Police ČR rised. Mostly the drives had positive tests for cannabinoids, the share of positive metamfetamine (pervitin) drivers increased. This research can be use for a police training of procedures, implementation, negotiation and planning of roadside checks on drivers under influence of OPL.
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The onset of the addiction of the selected intravenous addictive substance users
MEDLÍN, Jiří
The bachelor´s thesis deals with addiction initial phase in chosen intravenous drug users. The theoretical part describes main terms including addiction syndrome, addiction substance, characterisation of chosen addiction substances and specification of intravenous application of drugs. In the practical part, the author deals with research of the addiction initial phase in intravenous drug users. The research was carried out in four projects of the organisation Prevent 99 z.ú. The target group of the research are intravenous addiction drug users. The research had the form of questionnaire based survey. Results of the survey were then evaluated in order to find question to formulated hypotheses related to the survey.
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Individual planning with people addicted to drugs in the contact center
FIALOVÁ, Barbora
The topic of this bachelorthesis is individual planning with people who are addicted to addictive substances. The main objective is to compare process of individual planning in different contact centers in the Vysočina region. The partial aim is to find out which theoretical starting points are being used in the contact centers for individual planning with addicted clients. This thesis could help widen public awareness of the contact centers and services they offer. It could also be interesting for social workers themselves, who might find some inspiration by the concept of individual planning in other contact centers. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted, among other topics, to a description of a social worker, low-threshold facilities, contact centers and individual planning. This part also pays attention to addictive substances. The practical part of the thesis is elaborated through semi-structured interviews with six contact center workers, while these workers were selected by the method of deliberate selection. Questionnaires are structured in order to help answer the main research questions. This part also includes a comparison of individual planning with addicted clients amongworkers from different contact centers in the Vysočina Region. Based on the interviews that were processed, it was found that the number of clients per one worker differs significantly (sometimes up to twice). This is an important factor in terms of administration, which is described by almost all communication partners as an obstacle to individual planning. The research also showed that none of the communication partners uses a specific approach when working with clients. From my point of view, the surprising finding was mainly the evaluation of individual planning (mostly communication partners) as a burden while working with clients.
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Coming out as a risk period for using addictive substances
DĚDIČOVÁ, Barbora
The process of self-acceptance of and dealing with homosexual orientation is called coming out. The coming out can be defined as an internal psychical conflict between internalized homophobia and also newly identified or at least significantly notified own sexual orientation. It this period of time the risk of social discrimination and psychopathological phenomenons, including depressions, suicides, and drugs abuse, increases. (Weiss, 2010) In the paper, we focused on the coming out process as the risk period for drugs abuse.The paper consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, we explain the coming out term, we provide its definition and its phases, which are pre-coming out, the coming out itself, exploration phase, partnership phase, and integration. We search for information about coming out as the risk period in literature. Prior to the description of coming out, we have to briefly describe the current perception of homosexuality, and homophobia. The following chapter focuses on identity, its development, family identity, gender identity, and homosexual identity and its phases, which are identity confusion, identity comparison, tolerance of identity, acceptance of identity and taking pride in the identity. The relation of the coming out and drug abused is connected with the identity acceptance or denial. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on drugs, their classification and effects. It also focuses on drugs abuse between homosexuals in general, and on drugs abuse during coming out. In the practical part, focused on coming out perception, we used qualitative research strategy, questioning, and narrative dialogue to express the complex process of coming out. The population sample was selected using the purposive sampling together with the snowball method, the selection criteria was coming out experience and willingness to cooperate. Gathered data were analysed using a clustering method and presented in tables for clarity. The target of the paper was to describe subjective drug abuse experiences between homosexual men during their coming out. The following research question was formulated - Is the coming out the risk period for drugs abuse for homosexuals? During the evaluation of the interviews we found some topics repeating - feelings during the coming out, reasons for drugs abuse, and family. The repeating feelings are fear, sense of guilt, self-hatred, and low self-esteem. The reasons for drug abuse during coming out are gang integration, game, self-confidence increase, and the coming out realization itself. On the family level of the subjects, homosexuality tolerance is low, the subjects distrust the families and family communication is poor. The risk level of coming out period towards drugs abuse is also influenced by the social environment, which includes porn, gay bars, school, internet, and religion. We found that homosexuals using drugs during their coming out subjectively go through coming out more easy compared to the ones not using drugs. A hypothesis was formulated from this conclusion, i.e. drugs usage during coming out helps to easily undergo the coming out. This conclusion cannot be generalized, as it may be influenced by many factors, for example too selective sample - our sample didn't include subjects which didn't use drugs during their coming out. It would be interesting to figure how these people dealt with their coming out. The conclusion is opposed in the discussion section. A practical utilization of the paper is seen in better knowledge of the professional and non-professional public. Families with homosexual member can utilize it as well. The more we know, the more we are able to do, and also in a better and more effective way. The paper can be also used as the starting point for following researches, focused for example on social services provided to the homosexual minority.
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Drug Abuse (Taking of Addictive Substantes) of Elementary Schools( Hight Schools and Vocational schools) , Publics Current State, Possible Solutions of the Issue
CHOCHOLOVÁ, Barbora
As the title suggests, in my bachelor thesis I deal with the problems of addictive substances among pupils in basic schools, secondary schools and secondary vocational schools. The first chapter contains the definitions of basic concepts which include the psychoactive substance, addictive substance, addiction, abstinence and prevention. Furthermore, I deal with the relationship between an addictive substance and children, the problems of how to prevent the situations of children taking an addictive substance. What is the dependence on addictive substances, what are the most common symptoms of the dependence. In the following part of my thesis, I mention the issue of cigarette smoking and the number of smokers among children and teenagers. I'm interested in the age that is critical for the emergence of dependence on the cigarette. I also describe harmful effects of smoking on health and each stage of a young smoker. Next chapter is devoted to alcohol. What alcohol is, how much and in what way alcohol affects young organism, what an excessive consumption of alcohol may cause. Why alcohol is more risky for teenagers than for adults. One chapter of this thesis is devoted to drugs and drug addiction. I deal with the emergence of drug addiction and its consequences. I present here various drugs, their effects on human beings and the risks for further development of an individual. Then I focus on disorders that are caused by various addictive substances, especially disorders caused by tobacco, alcohol and drugs. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, I present possible solutions of these problems. I mention here particularly the prevention, its various types important for the solution of these problems. I draw attention to the influence of the family as an important element in the solution of the aforementioned problems, the climate in the family, mutual relations among its members. The situation in the family and its behaviour when an individual starts taking an addictive substance. Finally, I also mention a considerable role of the state in solving this issue. How the state should act and what means should be used in situations of addictive substances abuse. This bachelor thesis is suitable as a material for schools and educational institutions to help them improve knowledge in this field. It is important to raise awareness about the harmful effects of smoking, alcohol and other addictive substances use among teenagers.
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