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Public education on the preventive options in medical rehabilitation
SEGEŠ, Patrik
This bachelor?s thesis focuses on the topic of public education concerning the possibilities of the prevention in the context of medical rehabilitation. The thesis consists of two major parts, a theoretical and a practical one. The primary focus is the prevention of vertebrogenic disorders as a large percentage of the patients visit the rehabilitation centre because of these particular syndromes. In the theoretical part I elaborate on the anatomy and kinesiology of the vertebral column, the muscle system as well as prevention in the context of medical rehabilitation, pathophysiology of formation of vertebrogenic dysfunctions, motion stereotypes and pain. The main goal of this part is to specify the meaning of the prevention in terms of physiotherapy. In the second part of my bachelor?s work I examine in depth the methods which were used for the therapy and prevention of three patients suffering vertebrogenic dysfunctions. These constituted the research sample for practical part of this thesis. The aim of the research is to suggest particular therapeutic solutions and changes in motion stereotypes of patients as well as their further education concerning the possibilities of prevention within the field of medical rehabilitation and evaluate the effects of such therapy.
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Relationship of breastfeeding and the incidence of breast CA
HALUZOVÁ, Jaroslava
The object of this study was to find out, what the by breast cancer affected women know about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they were breast-feeding and whether they know the risk factors of the forming of this sickness. The further object was to find out which knowledge the puerperas have about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they plan to breast-feed and when, from who and which information they obtain about the breast-feeding. On the basis of dialogues was found out that the women with breast cancer know very little about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. Most of them never obtained information from anybody, only some of them heard or read about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. The relationship between the breast-feeding and cancer occurrence was approved, as only one of the women breast fed for more than a year. There is a minimal knowledge of women about the risk factors. Generally, they showed three risk factors which means that the knowledge is deficient and that the education in field of precaution is necessary. In the second part of the research it was found out that the education about breast-feeding is insufficient in the maternity hospital. The hospital nurses provide information about the breast-feeding technique and the care about breasts only. The women obtained information about the protective effect of the breast-feeding at the antenatal courses, some of them from web sites or print media. The puerperas plan to breast-feed for 11.5 months on an average which shows a very positive attitude to the breast-feeding of the children.
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The experience of middle management nurses with motivating, team leadership and improving the competence with their employees.
NOVÁKOVÁ, Tereza
To enable the nurse at least to perform her profession at a standard level, she needs not only material equipment, but also most of all the moral support of her superiors. Sufficient knowledge and experience are important for that profession as well. Another important aspect is to be able to see the meaningful tasks of her work and to have a feeling of certainty. My work has got three targets, which are: Target 1: To show, how the nurses of the middle management motivate their juniors to make them work more efficiently. Target 2: To analyze experience of middle management nurses with a team management. Target 3: To show whether, and in which way the nurses in the middle management motivate their juniors to increase their professional competence. I have used a qualitative research method for my study. A technique of an in-depth discussion was used for the collection of data. The research group contained 14 nurses in chief positions. The statements of individual nurses were categorized. They were divided into six basic groups, which are: Motivation factors, de-motivation factors, composition of the working team, work in a team, education and registration.
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Knowledge of the general public in the field of reproductive health
ZEMANOVÁ, Lenka
I have chosen the topic ?Knowledge of non-professional public in the field of reproductive health? for my bachelor thesis because I am thoroughly interested in this field, and that I find it an increasingly topical question. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with anatomy of reproductive organs, infertility issues, irregularities and pathologies in pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, inflammatory gynaecologic diseases and other negative influences on reproductive health. The remaining part of the theory is represented by prevention in the field of reproductive health and the role of midwives in this field. Nursing care in this field deals in particular with education, and for this reason, the midwife - educator is also mentioned here. The objective of this bachelor thesis is to find out what level of knowledge the non-professional public have in the field of reproductive health and, further, whether the non-professional public are interested in extending their knowledge in this field. The further, partial objectives were to compare the knowledge between women and men, as well as to find out whether people look after their reproductive health. To compile the practical part of the bachelor thesis I used the method of the quantitative research. The collection of data was conducted by means of questionnaires. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of 25 questions, which were closed, semi-closed and open. The research set for the quantitative research was made up of the non-professional public. They were women and men from the Region of South Bohemia in the age category of 18 ? 60 years, with a various level of education. The total set consisted of 95 (100 per cent) respondents. The result of the quantitative research has shown that the knowledge of the non-professional public in the field of reproductive health can be considered satisfactory. The comparison of knowledge in women and men has proved a slightly better knowledge in women. We have further found out that the non-professional public are interested in extending their knowledge in this field. Despite the fact that people possess knowledge in the field of reproductive health, as has been proved by this research, they do not behave in accordance with their knowledge. A number of individuals do not look after their health. Looking for instruments to motivate people to take better care of their health would exceed the scope of this thesis, and thus it remains for further researchers.
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Awareness of working-age women about the hazard and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in the destrict Jindřichův Hradec.
KOSOVÁ, Eva
Sexually transmitted diseases that spread almost exclusively through sexuaintercourse have recently seen an increase in their occurrence. These represent a significant health problem affecting the entire population regardless of age, religion, or race. Therefore, they are justly referred to as social diseases. Sexually transmitted diseases are frequently reported to be a civilization threat affecting approximately 15 % of women in sexually active age. STDs have a negative impact on women?s fertility and can, in pregnant women, even lead to an abortion. The course of these diseases is often asymptomatic which results in their further spreading. The main outcomes of the research include the fact that women in productive age have the knowledge of the risks and transmission methods of sexually transmitted diseases. Yet, such women are not sufficiently informed by midwives on prevention options concerning sexually transmitted diseases. The outcomes of the research led to producing a draft of information leaflet that provides elementary information on the risks of sexually transmitted diseases. This leaflet introduces a comprehensive structure comprising basic information on sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of the bachelor?s thesis at hand was to identify women?s knowledge of and opinions on the risks related to sexually transmitted diseases, prevention options; and to find out how midwives help to increase awareness of the risks and prevention relating to sexually transmitted diseases. The empirical part of the thesis is based on a quantitative research. The technique employed in order to collect data involved a questionnaire that was designed for women in sexually active age and living in the district of Jindřichův Hradec. The processed results of the research are shown in graphs. With the objectives in mind, three hypotheses were defined.
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Life of minority groups in South Bohemian and South Moravian region
HOREHLEĎOVÁ, Veronika
The thesis titled "The life of minorities in South Bohemian and South Moravian region" deals with problems of Romani minority groups and their education. Education and process of studying creates at present the key conditions for rising of the Romani ethnicity and their integration into society. In theoretical part is described the origin and dividing of Romani people and their historical connection in their progress in our country. There have been mentioned current problems concerning the Romani minority, as for example social exclusion, discrimination, etc. Other chapters refer to Romani culture, family and upbringing. The most substantial part of the thesis focuses on education and is lead in this direction. We also stated the current level of education among the Romani ethnicity. In the empirical part presents records of the research focused on education of Romani ethnicity in the secondary-studies area. Research was processed in the secondary analyses data system and the quantitative evaluation of questionnaire. The main aim of the thesis was to find out what kind of secondary schools pupils of Romani ethnicity prefer, whether they completed the education or finish it untimely. Whether pupils and students from the social disadvantaged background get help from assistant pedagogues for children during their studies. Furthermore we investigated if Romani students of grammar schools take advantage of grant from the state to study. The most preferred types of grammar schools among Romani were vocational schools. Only small amount of respondents chose vocational schools with the enclosure of finished leaving examination. Through that result had to be proved or disapproved the formulated hypothesis: Romani minority completes the secondary schools education. This hypothesise was disproved, as most of the Romani pupils did not complete their secondary school education. The thesis points out the factors which influence the Romani ethnicity attitude towards the education and the process of studying. Records of the thesis are beneficial for practice as the schools which were engaged in this research continue in cooperation with us. As a feedback we provided the records of this research to schools as they may use the information for better orientation what students expect from the education , how to approach it or the choice of study they prefer. At the same time the records of the research may be used as an informative and educational material for public and specialists.
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Educational activity of a nurse in perioperative care
FOTROVÁ, Miluše
description of work This paper is devoted to the questions of the education in operating theatres through perioperative nurses. The paper defined the objectives and research questions. Objective 1: To determine the difference in educational activities of a perioperative nurse in selected operating theatres in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG. The objective was accomplished, and the educational methods comply with the orientation of the operating theatres in the relevant departments. The respondents agree on the most used method, which is an interview. Objective 2: To determine the difference in the education through a perioperative nurse in the general and local anaesthesia. The objective was accomplished. Diversity of the education for the local anaesthesia consists primarily in the approach to a patient, where the respondents reported a closer individual contact towards an operated patient. The nurses agree on that during the local anaesthesia they interpret a detailed explanation to the patient to the following surgery in terms of nursing care, and they talk actively to the patient, and inform him throughout the whole period of the surgery process. The objectives of the paper were defined by four research questions. Question 1. What are the educational methods used through the perioperative nurses? The respondents reported unanimously the method of an interview, an explaining, a work with text - leaflets, brochures; further they indicated a photo-documentation and educational books, although they are not used in the operating theatres in questions. Question 2. What method is considered by the perioperative nurses as the most beneficial for the patient? The respondents reported unanimously the method of an interview, six of the respondents stated the work with a text - leaflets, brochures. Question 3. In what manner proceeds the education on the selected operating theatres in the Hospital České Budějovice, AG? All nine nurses consistently reported that they conduct the education in a corridor on the day of surgery. Here the acting nurse acquaints the patient with the operating theatre environment, explains and performs a nursing preparation according to the department practices, instructs the patient about his position on the operating table. Question 4. What is the difference in the education of the patient through the perioperative nurse before the surgery in general and local anaesthesia? According to the nurses´ opinion, the difference lies by the local anaesthesia in a more individual access to the patient, when the method of detailed explanation is used. The nurses talk to the patient throughout the whole performance.
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Nursing care of patiens undergoing cystoscopic follow-up
MAŠÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
The subject of this bachelor work is Nursing care of patients undergoing permanently cystoscopic follow-up. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is devoted to the problem of providing nursing care to patients witch bladder cancer who untergo regular cystoscopic controls. It describes characteristics of the malignancy of the urinary bladder and its treatment, system of cystoscopic controls, awereness and nursing care for these patients. We have identified six objectives for this work. The first objective was to determine whether the patients have information about cystoscopic examination. The second objective was to determine whether the patients have information on duration of cystoscopic follow-up. The third objective was to map the most common complications after the cystoscopic examinations from the perspective of the patient. The forth objective was to map nursing practice of nurses in the care of permanently cystoscopic follow-up patients. The fifth objective was to determine whether the nurses know the specifics of nursing care for permanently cystoscopic followed-up patients. The last objective was to map the most common complications after the cystoscopic examination from the perspective of nurses. In the empirical part we set three hypotheses and three research questions. The first hypothesis was that patients have information about cystoscopic examination. The second hypothesis was that patients have the information on the length of cystoscopic follow-up. The third hypothesis stated that patients report as the most common complication after examination cystoscopic dysuriac problems. The first research question was what are the procedures for nurses in the nursing care of patients cystoscopic followed-up patients at selected locations. The second research question was what are the specifics of the nursing care of permanently cystoscopic follow-up patients from the perspective of nurse. The third research question was what are the most common complications after cystoscopic examination from the perspective of nurses. Based on an anonymous evaluation questionnare, the first, second and third hypothesis are confirmed and all the research questions were answered on the basic of interviews witch nurses. To obtain information from patients who are permanently cystoscopic followed-up at hospital departments of urology Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. and Nemocnice Písek a.s. (=Hospital, a.s. joint-stock company) was used a quantitative method for date collection through an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnare contained 25 closed and semi-open questions. A total of 120 questionnaires were distributed of whitch the final survey used research of 82 ones. Survey results are summarized in graphs. Nonstandardized interview questioning technique witch nurses was used for data collection of quantitative research method. Getting information from the nurses was carried out through depth interview and was by means questions prepared in advance. Research survey was attended by 8 nurses working in hospital department of urology in Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. and Nemocnice Písek a.s. Interviews with nurses were drawn for charity in case reports. Discussion was confronted with the specialized literature. The outcome of this bachelor work is the information booklet for permanently cystoscopic followed-up patients.
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Difficult to treat asthma in adults from the nurse´s point view
LAHODOVÁ, Danka
Summary The quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma is influenced by severe everyday difficulties, including nocturnal symptoms, limitation of physical activities or a more frequent hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary that the medical staff take special care and individual approach to the patients with difficult treatable asthma. Objective 1: Find out limitations in customary daily activities of the patients with severe asthma. Patients stated that they are restricted in their customary daily activities including sport activities. Objective 2: Find out the nurse?s participation in the care for asthmatics. The objective was achieved; the nurse takes part in the care of patients with difficult treatable asthma from the first visit in the ambulance. She makes the first contact with patients, assists the doctors, takes examination material, carries out certain examinations or helps out with them and takes part in the nursing care. Objective 3: Find out the role of a nurse during biological treatment of patients with difficult treatable asthma. Essential is to make a relationship between the nurse and the patient, to educate the patient, to reeducate him and to provide nursing care. According to these objectives we have put three research questions. The first question is: ?In what customary daily activities is the patient with asthma restricted?? During the research interviews we discovered that the most difficult period for the patients was, when they had to leave their jobs because of the disease. Furthermore, clients stated that they handle daily activities at their own pace and it always depends on their current health. Patients try to keep their condition by doing leisure sport activities. The second question is ?How does the nurse engage family in the care of an asthmatic?? From the interviews we found out that family engages in the care when breathing problems occur and the patient is not able to deal with it on his own. Family ensures the feeling of patient?s safety. The nurse provides family with information on how to avoid asthmatic fits, how to help during the fit and where to find this information. Patients with difficult treatable asthma and their families have to be provided with appropriate information. It results from our research that family accompanies the patient very rarely during the visits in the ambulance for the treatment of difficult treatable asthma, only in case of health impairment. Clients visit the ambulance mostly on their own without any companions. Question 3 is ?What is the nurse?s role during the biological treatment of the patient with difficult treatable asthma?? We discovered that nurse?s role starts with educating the patient in order to abide by the rules of treatment regime and with assessing individual needs of the patient. She teaches him how to change the behavior due to the disease, responsibility for his health and helps him to deal with limitation which the disease brings. Moreover, the nurse is the bearer of the nursing care, applies the biological treatment. It is important to gain trust and build cooperation with the patient.
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The Satisfaction of Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis in the Provision of Nursing Process
JANSOVÁ, Miroslava
Peritoneal dialysis is a method of treatment of chronic renal failure. The principle of this method is the exchange of substances between blood and dialysis solution soaked into the abdominal cavity. The absolute indication for the dialysis is the impossibility to establish vascular access for hemodialysis. It is primarily indicated for patients as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases which may cause hemodynamic instability during extracorporeal circulation. Individual preferences of the patient also play an important role. The contraindications are extensive adhesions in the abdominal cavity and inflammatory bowel diseases. This method has recently become common practice at most dialysis centers. It provides patients with more freedom as well as more independence from a medical center and its staff. The qualitative data collection technique was used for the research survey. The qualitative research took the form of non-standardized interview. The research group consisted of six patients from dialysis centers and hospitals in Tábor and České Budějovice. Objective 1 was to find out whether peritoneal nurses provide patients with sufficient information. The research has shown that the patients had been informed about the method before as well as during the treatment. Objective 2 was to find out how nurses support the patients´ self-care. The research has shown that the nurse had supported patients´ self-care by providing them with information regularly, checking during the exchange of dialysis solution and by reeducating them. Objective 3 was to find out whether a nurse helps to reduce social isolation of patients with peritoneal dialysis by providing a health visiting service. The research has shown that patients had highly praised this service, feeling encouraged to become more active thanks to the health visiting service. The work of nurses caring for these patients is rather independent and individualized. The success of treatment largely depends on high quality work of a nurse, on her educational and communication skills. We hope that the results obtained will be an example for other health professionals caring for these patients. The brochure could help patients with renal failure to decide when selecting a method of treatment.
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