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Prevention of the Colorectal cancer through the view of the public in the Pilsen region
KOTÁBOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of public awareness of the colorectal cancer and its prevention. The aim of this work is to map the lay public knowledge of the colorectal cancer prevention in the Pilsen region. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy and physiology of the large intestine and the disease itself. It's focused on the symptoms of cancer and on the examination methods and treatment options. Big emphasis is put on prevention projects, because with the colorectal cancer prevention is absolutely essential. The research part was done through the qualitative research method via semi-structured interviews. The respondents were randomly selected with the help of the snowball method (so called Snowball Sampling). The interviews were performed via questions prepared in advance. The research set was composed of twenty respondents from the Pilsen region. The interviews were recorded and then manually transcribed on paper. It emerged from the collected information that most of the respondents know the causes, symptoms and risk factors related to the cause of the colorectal cancer. Nonetheless our respondents still underestimate primary prevention in large measure. The responses show that the respondents would be willing to change their lifestyle only if somebody close to them got ill. It is shown that the respondents older than 50 years have additional information about the prevention of the colorectal cancer. The gender of the respondents plays an important role in deciding whether to make use of the screening examination and undergo the occult bleeding test. Based on the research, women accept preventative measures more than men. All of the respondents give the prevention great importance. The research shows the need to inform and motivate the patients to primary and secondary prevention. The result of this work is creating a proposal for a card, which could be used in a short intervention about the prevention of the colorectal cancer.
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Substance use and evaluation of prevention activities of students of Secondary School Vimperk
JINDRA, Jaromír
This work deals with the use of addictive substances by high school students and with the evaluation of preventive activities. I´ts task is to find out the opinions and experiences of students with addictive substances and preventive activities. There was chosen following goal of the work: "Identification of risk factors of students behavior due to substance use and evaluation of primary prevention of risk behavior." The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts, where the theoretical part briefly describes the prevention of risky behavior and the most commonly used addictive substances. Specifically, the areas of risk and protective factors, primary prevention of risky behavior, school and drug prevention, the effects of addictive substances and their relationship to risky behavior were described. The practical part is processed with a quantitative strategy by the statistical method, where the technique of data collection was used a questionnaire survey conducted among students of Vimperk High School. The results of the research show, that the most fundamental risk factor affecting students is their closest social environment, their family, friends and peers. Prevention is effective in the use of hard drugs, which is not the case with tobacco cigarettes, alcoholic beverages and marijuana. The results of the work can serve as a mapping of the current situation of risky behavior due to the use of addictive substances used for further research and as a comparative material. They can also serve as a basis for practical use in creating prevention programs and to improve primary prevention.
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Non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of stroke - the role of nurse
PAZOUR, Petr
Cerebrovascular accidents have attracted the attention of physicians since ancient times. A stroke is a global problem and one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality, but also one of the causes of long-term disability. In recent years, a stroke has become an urgent condition. The division of stroke into ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke has become common. In ischemic episodes, the effect of acute, follow-up and rehabilitation care in stroke centers has been demonstrated, as has revascularization therapy. Thanks to modern methods of treatment of stroke, we have moved forward. The aim of the thesis is to describe non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of stroke and to emphasize their great importance in patient recovery process, their wide range allows some patients to return to normal life in whole or partly. In patients with higher disability, they help to improve their quality of life. An important part of the entire spectrum of care is a general nurse, who ensures continuous care of the patient both physically and mentally, an integral part of the nurse´s work is satisfying the basic needs of the patient. Qualitative research was chosen to achieve the goal, the research will be conducted through a semi-structured interview with non-medical health professionals (nurses) who care for patients after a stroke at the neurological department of the district hospital of the Vysočina region. From research shows that in the rearched department, non-medical staff know thein role in education, they consider the application of Fraxiparin, nutrition and self-care to be the most common area sof education. Among the most commonly used forms of education, non-medical staff ranks explanations and demonstrations. The output of the diploma thesis dealing with non-pharmacological procedures in the treatment of a stroke - the role of the nurse, should serve as an insight into the issue and point out the importance of prevention and the scope of non-pharmacological procedures.
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Healthy social style in the concept of today´s teenagers
KOVAŘÍKOVÁ, Leontina
The topic of my bachelor thesis is the healthy lifestyle in the concept of today´s youths in a chosen categories of lifestyle. On a basic of my survey was listed subjective concepts of health of youths from different countries and their incentives in keeping regularities of health regarding their pictures of the matters.
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Effect of risk factors associated with family system on the development of substance use disorders in offspring - case study
Krejsa, Bohumil ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Kuda, Aleš (referee)
Introduction: The diploma thesis deals with the dangerous aspects of development of narcotics on descendants in a family system. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes basics of the family system and its disorders. It includes parents' roles and the risk of the family enviromnent and its influence on the upbringing of a child. The thesis also deals with family factors that ilnfluence family environment. The end of the theoretical part describes types of dangerous and protective factors that influence the formation of descendant's addiction.The practical part is based on qualitative research. The research is made on five case studies. The respondents undergo an institutional treatment based on addictional disorder. Aim: The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the summary of family dangerous and protective factors that may predict presence of alcohol abuse in children and teenagers. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain the data, which were then analyzed by the method of creating clusters. Results: This diploma thesis shows that in nearly all the case studies in this research , dangerous and protective factors described in the theoretical part appeared. What appears frequently is the disfunctional family system...
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The prevalence of substance abuse in chlidren's homes
Portmannová, Jana ; Harsa, Pavel (advisor) ; Kmoch, Vladimír (referee)
Base: The use of addictive substances is still an actual problem as well as primary prevention which should be in the center of focus. Children in orphanage are a group with higher risk due to the absence of strong parental element in their life. They can also suffer from various psychical problems. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to map the misuse of additive substances in children's homes and describe the problems connected to it from the point of view of guardians and how can those problems be solved. Methods: The questionnaire was chosen for the data collection. The answers had been collected for two months and then evaluated by Google Forms and Microsoft Office Word. Two groups were addressed - clients od children's home and one guardian of the same home. Results: The questionnaire proved that most of the children had used the addictive substances, most of them are addicted to at least one and even though the primary prevention is present in those establishments. Conclusions: Clients in children's homes are a group with higher risk and it is necessary to pay special attention to prevention and risk factors. Key words: Addictive substances, primary prevention, orphanage, risk group, risk factors
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Occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players in relation to selected factors
Svatošová, Veronika ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kučerová, Ilona (referee)
Title: Occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players in relation to selected factors Objectives: The main objective of the master degree thesis is to evaluate the relationship between selected risk factors and the occurrence of ankle sprain injury among basketball players aged 15-40 who actively participated in league competitions from the regional championship to the highest league in the Czech Republic in the 2019/2020 season. Methods: The theoretical part is processed by a domestic and foreign literature research. The practical part uses the method of quantitative research in the form of descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through an anonymous non-standardized questionnaire, which was distributed among basketball players who actively participated in various league competitions in the 2019/2020 season, from the regional championship to the highest league in the Czech Republic. Analysis involved data about various risk factors for ankle sprain injury. Data from completed questionnaires were processed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel. The logistic regression model (logit) was used to determine the influence of individual variables on the occurrence of ankle sprain injuries. The logistic regression model was estimated for each hypothesis using Gretl statistical...
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Proposal to change the categorisation of work at the selected workplace
Plánková, Barbora ; Rozehnalová, Jana (referee) ; Maradová, Karla (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with work categorization falling into the issue of occupational health protection. The theoretical part is devoted to current legislative reguirements of the EU, the Czech Republic and relevant standards. It also provides a general overview of the system of public health authorities together with a more detailed description of the work categorization topic and related concepts and requirements. This thesis has been made in cooperation with Varroc Lighting Systems, s.r.o., Nový Jičín. The practical part deals with the suggested change of categorization of the optimized assembly line work positions for car rear lighting (B479 OUTER RL). The main aim of this work is to check the correctness of the classification of individual work positions. The intention of updating the categorization is also to reduce the negative impact of critical risk factors of working conditions, which brings benefits for both employees and employers. The specific course of the classification of individual risk factors with a focus on the noise as a critical risk factor is demonstrated on the riskiest work position of the assembly line. In the end, the achieved results of updated classification of all positions are evaluated. The follow-up changes and the resulting benefits of updating the categorization, including other practical recommendations, are also summarized.
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Physiotherapy in patients with patella fracture
Mazánková, Jarmila ; Molnár, Petr (advisor) ; Němeček, Ondřej (referee)
Author: Jarmila Mazánková Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of rehabilitation medicine Title of thesis: Physiotherapy in patients with patella fracture Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Molnár Number of pages: 65 Number of supplements: 0 Year of vindication: 2012 Key words: Knee joint, patella, kineziology, mechanism of injury, fracture, osteosynthesis, rehbilitation procedures The Bachelor's thesis deals with the patella fracture and its treatment. The general part presents the anatomical structure and kineziology of knee joint and biomechanical principless of its functioning. Some of the examination methods for the knee joint are appointed. The general part also characterizes patella fracture itself, its forms, symptoms, diagnostics and treatment. In special part of thesis is description of conservative fyziotherapy treatment of patella fracture in all phases of rehabilitation process, including case report of patient with patella fracture and the rehabilitation solution.
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