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Tax Havens and Their Use
Komárková, Renata ; Filipová, Vladimíra (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the characteristics of tax havens, approach beneficiary companies and way of their use and potential abuse. The first part defines basic terms, which are tax havens are closely linked. The second part is devoted to the characterization chosen tax havens in different areas of model-based taxation example of two types of companies. The third part contains the suggestions and recommendations for setting up a company in a tax haven.
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Tax Evasion and Transfer Pricing
Košťáková, Eliška ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Zídková, Hana (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to answer the question of where is the line between tax evasion, tax avoidance and tax fraud. Furthermore to characterize methods of measurement tax evasion and introduced actions against tax evasion and tax avoidance at the national and international level. This aim is achieved through analytical and synthetic methods used from the first to third chapter of the diploma thesis. The main goal of diploma thesis is to use external sources of information to determining transfer pricing methods in small economic models. To achieve this goal is at first step explain the Arm's length principle, comparative analysis and subsequently introduced each transfer pricing method. The attention is also paid to assessment of each transfer pricing method with using analytical, synthetic and comparative methods.
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The actual content of legal acts in the tax law
Lívová, Jana ; Pelák, Jiří (advisor) ; Lišková, Vladimíra (referee)
This thesis deals with the real content of legal acts and its evaluation, identification and demonstration by the tax administrator. The aim is to determine which legal institutes are used in the tax administrator's control. Also if it uses the institute of the real content of legal acts and if it uses the correct way according to analysis of Czech law. The first part sets out the legal act, the second part sets out the interpretation of legal acts. The forms of the minimalization of the tax liability is set out in the third part, the greatest emphasis is on tax avoidance and tax evasion. The last part analyzes the most important law cases where the tax administrator argued one of the institutes simulated legal act, dissimulated legal act, evasion of the law, law abuse or tax avoidance by another method.
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Selected Tax Aspects of International Business
Tichá, Dominika ; Černohlávková, Eva (advisor) ; Marková, Michaela (referee)
The result of the global integration of the world economy are globally operating corporations. Multinational enterprises operate in different countries whose economic policies are different from each other. These differences have considerable impact on tax policy. Taxes are the subject of conflicting interests of the international business and tax policy. One of the current objectives of the MNEs is to reduce the total cost in order to achieving competitive advantage in the global market as well as to minimize the global tax liability through its optimization. To achieve these objectives the international tax planning is a widely used means. International tax planning uses tax havens and their favourable tax conditions to divert profits. Minimizing tax liability often leads to tax avoidance or tax evasion. Different legislative adjustments and mutual meeting of local and international legislation gradually uncover gaps and weaknesses enabling reduction and shedding of profits. Consequently, states are deprived of significant tax revenue. One of the most common and most important methods to minimize the tax liability of MNEs is transfer pricing. Transfer prices are to be determined in accordance with the arm's length principle, using comparative analysis and an appropriate method of assessment. Transactions carried out between associated enterprises may be regarded as a risk area which gets to the fore states and tax administrations. The first part of thesis focuses on tax policy in terms of international taxation of income and international tax planning. The second part presents a transfer pricing. The third and last part describes the practices of MNEs in transfer pricing and corresponding initiatives of national and international organizations.
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International tax planning and tax evasion
Benková, Eva ; Finardi, Savina (advisor) ; Vančurová, Alena (referee)
In my work, I would like to address the issue of tax evasion in connection with cross-border transactions. I would like to explain the basic concepts and fundamental principles of taxation of income taxes in the EU or other countries. I will describe some of the regulations that relate to the topic, so that even the common nominator get an idea of their content. These include the "Convention for the avoidance of double taxation" or "Law on Money Laundering." It will also affect issues of permanent establishments and taxation, transfer pricing issues. Vouchers for abuse of rights transformations - specifically misuse mergers. In this work will be description of tax evasion, from the perspective of Czech law and EU law and international law. The work culminates examples of tax fraud with reference to individual judgments.
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Businessmen´s tax evasions
Karásková, Veronika ; Slintáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Finardi, Savina (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is categorize businessmen's tax evasions at personal income tax and find out their portion on total tax evasions. In the first chapter I focus on tax avoidance and tax evasion, causes of tax evasion and his measurement. Next parts of this thesis focus on businessmen's tax evasion at personal income tax. In the second part I describe some very frequented cases of tax evasions revealed by revenue authorities. In the last part I analyse these tax evasions, categorize businessmen's tax evasions, establish their portion on total tax evasions.
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Tax Avoidance in Excise Tax
VARGOVÁ, Monika
The taxes from consumption are an excise taxes and value adds tax. I will focus on an excise tax. The excise tax is one of the most important income to state budget. The excise taxes belong between indirect taxes and is divided into five selected products, such as cigarettes, bear, vine, alcohol and mineral oils.
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Taxes of Consumption Incidence in Czech Republic
VESELÁ, Tereza
This diploma paper deals with the tax incidence of cigarette tax in the period of the changes in rates of this duty in the Czech Republic. The main aim of this paper is to find out how the cigarette tax shifts on consumer and producer. Moving of tax burden was found out thanks to investigation of cigarette prices in the period from September 2007 to February 2008. The amount of tax was calculated from these prices. Various periods were compared and results were closely analysed. Fiscal and educative function of cigarette tax was monitored in this paper too. Educative function was found out by the help of trend in the number of smokers and their cigarettes consumption, whilst fiscal function was demonstrated by trend of payment excise duties. At the close of diploma paper are mentioned also tax avoidances of the excise duty on cigarettes, that are large problem all the time not only in the Czech Republic.
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Anti-tax fraud measures
Veselý, David ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Schvábová, Andrea (referee)
This bachelors thesis contentrates on giving an overview of methods that can be used for purposes of anti-tax fraud behaviour not only in the tax system of the Czech republic. Theoretical part concentrates on reasons of tax evasion origin and the methods of prevention. The practical part concentrates on particular informations in the area of detection and selection of tax payers who evade taxes. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate those methods.
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Analysis of case law from the perspective of abuse or circumvention of the tax law
Růžičková, Tereza ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Schvábová, Andrea (referee)
Everyone seeks to minimize his tax liability. Generally, we can say that reducing the tax burden takes several forms. In this diploma thesis I deal with specific area - "tax avoidance", which is properly defined in the first chapter. Analysis and subsequent synthesis of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court evaluates the current state of interpretation and usefulness of individual instruments by the tax authorities "correct" avoidant behavior of taxpayers. Interpretation of Czech courts is supplemented by a specific key court decisions of the European Court of Justice, defining the rules of one particular instrument. Finally, a Czech tax policy recommendation on the need for adaptation and mainly the general principle against tax avoidance in the Czech tax law could be found at the end of this thesis.
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