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Social isolation of in-patients problems
GRIMM, Viktor
Abstract The presented diploma thesis explores the social isolation hospital and sanitary facility clients suffer from, raising a live issue to tackle. Research aims and questions: I framed three aims, including defining the needs of socially isolated hospital patients, assessing the impacts of social isolation on the patients, and analysing how to mitigate the feeling of loneliness. The goals involve three research questions: 'What are the needs of socially isolated hospital patients?' 'What are the impacts of social isolation on hospital patients?' and 'How can we mitigate social isolation of hospital patients?'. Research methods and sample: The empirical part involves a qualitative methodology - a semi-structured interview. The research sample comprises probands classified into three groups. They include nurses attending socially isolated patients, patients and their relatives. I addressed 17 probands within one hospital and sanitary facility in South Bohemian Region. The data analysis involved open coding - a paper-pencil survey, splitting the data into three main categories, each containing ten subgroups. Findings: The survey revealed that hospital or sanitary facility patients often feel lonely, unveiling critical psychosocial needs for alleviating these feelings. Nurses and relatives are highly instrumental in showing compassion, while family hospital visits are imperative to prevent social isolation. The findings also indicate that loneliness severely undermines patients' mental health. Contribution to practice: The study may contribute to educating students of health and social care and licensed practical nurses and informing the general public. As the thesis's outcome, I will hold a workshop with nurses to identify and deal with socially isolated patients.
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Midwife Care for Woman with Endometriosis
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Nikola
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of midwife care for a woman with endometriosis. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is mainly focused on the endometriosis disease. The theoretical part describes the definition of endometriosis, its causes, diagnosis, manifestations, treatment options and midwife care. For the practical part, two objectives were chosen. The first aim was to find out how women with endometriosis perceive midwife care. The second aim of the thesis was in turn to find out how midwives perceive the whole issue of this disease. The bachelor thesis had three research questions. The first research question focused on how women with endometriosis perceive midwives' care. The second research question explored how the lifestyle of women with the condition has changed. The third research question looked at how midwives perceived the issue of endometriosis. The aforementioned objectives were achieved through a qualitative research investigation in the form of semi-structured anonymous interviews. Data collection for the research inquiry took place from January to March 2023. In the practical part, two research sets were chosen. The first research set consisted of six midwives who encountered women who had been diagnosed with endometriosis during their practice. To preserve their anonymity, the midwives were referred to as PA1 to PA6. The second research group consisted of eight women with endometriosis who were referred to as Ž1 to Ž8 in the thesis. The data collected was transcribed and then further analyzed using text coloring. Main categories and sub-categories were established for data analysis, these are further described in the research section of the thesis. The first research set consists of two main categories and four subcategories. Two main categories and six subcategories were obtained from the informants' statements of the second research set.
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The needs of patients in the dialysis program and the role of the nurse in this issue
CHYTRÁČKOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the needs of patients in a dialysis program and the role of the nurse in this issue. Two objectives were established for this bachelor's thesis: To map the needs of patients in a dialysis program, and to determine the role of the nurse in patients undergoing dialysis. The work is divided into a theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part, the anatomy of the kidneys is briefly described, as well as the reasons for kidney failure. Subsequently, various elimination methods are described and explained, along with nutritional and exercise measures. The transplantation procedure is also briefly described. Attention is paid to the needs of patients, nursing care, and education. The empirical part was processed using qualitative research through semi-structured interviews focused on patients undergoing dialysis and nurses working in the dialysis center. The research sample consisted of 13 patients and 9 nurses. To achieve the set objectives, five research questions were created: What are the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients in a dialysis program? How does dialysis treatment affect patients' lives? What is the level of patient education before starting dialysis treatment? What is the role of the nurse in satisfying the needs of patients in a dialysis program? What is the role of the nurse in providing information to patients in a dialysis program? Our research has shown that dialysis generally has a negative impact on the quality of life of most of our respondents. Respondents are most negatively affected by thirst, the time demands of dialysis, poor sleep quality, changes in social needs, and overall fatigue after dialysis. Additionally, our research has shown that nurses in the dialysis center primarily fill the role of provider of nursing care, educator, and advisor who also provides emotional support. The results of the research serve as informational material for patients in the predialysis program and as potential recommendations for nurses working in dialysis centers.
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Specifics of nursing care in children hospitalized with infectious disease
KŮSOVÁ, Marie
The bachelor thesis deals with the specifics of nursing care for children hospitalized with infectious disease. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and research parts. The theoretical part deals with infectious diseases in childhood, specifically infectious diseases of the digestive and respiratory tract, infectious exanthematous disease and infections affecting the CNS. It also deals with the specifics of nursing care for children with these diseases and their needs during hospitalization. It describes the transmission and agents of infectious diseases, as well as the prevention of infectious diseases in children, specifically the barrier regimen. The research section focuses on the specifics of nursing care and the most common nursing problems in children with infectious disease. The aim of this part was to identify and describe the specifics of nursing care in children hospitalized with infectious disease. A qualitative form of research inquiry was used to conduct the research through semi-structured interviews with ten participants. Nurses from the children's ward were deliberately selected for the research investigation. The questions were directed at specific systems that are discussed in the theoretical part of this thesis. The research investigation was completed after theoretical data saturation. Further, it was then categorized using the open coding method, specifically the pencil and paper method. Based on this coding, several categories and sub-categories were constructed. From the research, it was found that nurses know the specifics of nursing care for children with infectious disease. Nurses can describe the barrier nursing care procedure, but not all nurses follow this procedure. Nurses are able to list and describe the most commonly encountered nursing problems in infectious diseases.
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Nursing care of children hospitalized with respiratory diseases from the point of view of parents.
ŠÁTAVOVÁ, Iva
Current state: Respiratory diseases are commonly encountered during our lifetime. A very common group affected by this disease are most often children. Many authors state that this is because children do not have a sufficiently mature immune system and are also frequent participants in larger groups. In this paper, we focused on parents who experience hospitalization with their child, just because of respiratory illness. Objectives of the work: Two objectives were set for this thesis. The first objective focused on how nursing care is provided to their children with respiratory illness from the parents' perspective. The second objective was to map the parents' attitudes towards this nursing care for their hospitalized child. Methodology: Qualitative research method was chosen for the research investigation of this bachelor thesis. The technique of semi-structured interviews with parents of children hospitalized in the pediatric ward with respiratory disease was used for data collection. The dialogues were recorded using the "Dictate" function and then analysed using the open coding technique "pencil and paper". The size of research sample was determined based on the theoretical saturation of the collected data. Results: The results of the survey showed that parents of children hospitalized with respiratory disease are satisfied with the nursing care provided to their children. Parents are informed and educated on the children's wards about the provision of nursing care and are also actively involved in nursing care. In nursing care, each parent takes a supportive stance for their hospitalized child. Parents also strive to establish a calmer environment and conditions for their child while performing nursing activities.
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The usage of audiovisual aids at taking a blood sample from child
BRČÁKOVÁ, Dominika
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the possibilities of using audiovisual aids during venous blood sampling in children. The issue of pain management should be studied because it is very important to prevent or at least minimize pain. Pain caused during medical procedures can be traumatizing for a child and can also affect their attitude towards further treatment. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes the different developmental periods of a child, the character and approaches to venous blood sampling, education, fear, pain, pain management techniques, and pain assessment scales. The practical part contains the results obtained from the research study. The main objective of this thesis was to determine whether the use of audiovisual aids can reduce pain during venous blood sampling in children. The study used the method of participant observation, and the results were recorded using a structured recording form. Data collection took place at the pediatric department of a hospital in South Bohemia. A total of 30 respondents were observed and divided into 2 groups, with each group containing 15 respondents. In the first group, venous blood sampling was performed in the usual way, while in the second group, an audiovisual aid, a tablet with pre-selected fairy tales, was used during the procedure. The selection of fairy tales was based on the age of the respondents. Based on the results, it was found that the audiovisual aid is not fully helpful in reducing pain during venous blood sampling in children. It can be used as a distraction tool before venous blood sampling, as it can entertain the child while waiting for the procedure. However, during the actual blood draw and pain, the child did not show much interest in the aid. It is also important to note that the observed interest in this potential aid was only apparent in children aged four and older.
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Nursing care after upper limb replantation
KOVÁČOVÁ, Michaela
The theoretical part of this thesis first deals with the anatomy of an upper extremity, then it provides an introduction into traumatology, where a reader learns about amputation injuries, particularly about the types of amputation injury and the elementary first aid in such injuries. Further on it concentrates on the pre-surgery preparation for patients with indication to replantation, the course of the operation, post-surgery care and nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. The goal of this bachelor thesis was to examine the specifics of the nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. Nurses caring about such patients have numerous uneasy tasks, which they have to fulfil dutifully and with consideration. To be able to provide these patients with the care corresponding with the standards of nursing care, nurses have to have sufficient knowledge, which was the second goal examined within this thesis. Quantitative methodology was chosen for the achievement of these goals in the practical part. Semi-structured interviews related to the research questions were prepared. The survey sample set consisted of nurses working at the department where amputation injuries are sent most often, the trauma surgery department. We found out that if nurses are not sure how to proceed in the care and do not know the exact principles, they either turn to a physician or to a more experienced colleague. The school curriculum in terms of replantation seems insufficient. As summarization and revision of procedures have their importance, preparation of a seminar Nursing Care for Patients after Replantation in the Upper Extremity appears to be reasonable and helpful for nurses providing care to patients with these problems.
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Knowledge of the rights and obligations of patients in the provision of nursing care in primary health care
NOVÁKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis deals with patients' rights in the provision of nursing care in primary health care and in particular patients' knowledge of them. The previously regular paternalistic relationship between doctor and patient is now replaced by a partnership approach, where the patient is a participant in the decision-making process as regards of his/her treatment. For this reason, it is essential that sufficient information are given to patient in order to make decisions and also in order to know and understand their rights. As primary health care tends to be the first point of contact between the patient and the health system, it is important that patients are made aware of their rights at this level of care. This paper aims to investigate the extent of patients' knowledge of patients' rights, whether familiarity with rights varies with the age of respondents and whether knowledge differs between men and women. A quantitative research design was used to meet the objectives of this thesis and a survey method in the form of a non-standardised anonymous questionnaire addressed to patients was used to carry out the research. The research was carried out in the registering health care providers for adults, i.e. in general practitioners' offices in the Tábor region. The hypothesis predicting a difference between men and women in knowledge of patient rights was not supported by the research, while the hypothesis predicting a difference in awareness of patient rights in different age categories was supported. The results of the empirical investigation revealed that knowledge of patients' rights was at a fairly satisfactory level, but only 12 % of respondents reported that primary care was the place where they had been introduced to the Patients' Rights document. We believe it is important that there is a change in this area and that primary care equips patients with knowledge of their rights before they progress to higher levels of the healthcare system.
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Pressure ulcer prevention strategies
Kovandová, Lucie ; Mádlová, Ivana (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
Aims: The aim of the bachelor thesis was to determine the level of knowledge of general nurses in the field of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Methods: The target group of respondents were general nurses employed at the Intensive Care Unit of the Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic of the University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady in Prague. There were 21 respondents in total. Results: The overall success rate - knowledge of the monitored criteria was 62.33 %. The results of the actual survey are presented in clear bar charts. Conclusions: On the basis of the findings, we make recommendations for clinical practice. KEYWORDS pressure ulcers, nursing care, prevention, treatment, nurses' knowledge
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