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Utilization of compressor waste heat into the district heating system by means of an absorption heat pump
Aranguren Campos, Fabian Alexis ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
With the growth of energy consumption and the optimization of industrial processes worldwide, new energy sources have been explored and investigated. Waste heat is a potential source for the generation of electricity and heat. This heat can be reused at different stages of industrial processes by using absorption heat pumps, which transfer thermal energy from a location with a lower thermal potential to a location with a higher thermal potential. This research work is basically focused on the evaluation of different absorption heat pumps implemented in the SAKO Brno incineration plant. To carry out this purpose, a bibliographic review of this technology has been carried out worldwide, then the mass and energy balance in the compressor is presented, from which the waste heat to be recovered with the pump will be obtained. Using the EES software, the mass and energy balance of the selected pumps is performed, then the amount of heat and electrical energy generated by the plant when implementing each of the pumps is shown, and finally the economic analysis is presented The design and implementation of a heat exchanger in the system is also included as an essential part of improving operation. The best option arises from the highest operational efficiency at the lowest possible cost.
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Potenciální využití odpadní biomasy k diverzifikaci paliva teplárenského zdroje
Šmíd, Jan
This master´s thesis deals with various fundamental principles of utilization of waste biomass in heating industry. It describes and focuses on the usage of wood waste from logging to produce energy. Analysing real operational data of a selected heating-plant, company Teplárny Brno, a. s., it performs an evaluation of principal parameters waste wood fired heating plant. Based on analysis, there are proposed two variants of the heating plant (without the production of electric energy) and a combined heat and power source (with electricity production) for the Brno heat distribution in the text. The proposed fuel for both sources is the waste biomass, the same the installed heat capacity at the level of 40 MW by both sources. There is also projected a technological equipment in relation to the connection to the existing heat distribution system. The final evaluation is based on a mutual comparison of proposed sources and their comparison with a conventional natural gas fired central heat plant.
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Small Modular Reactors
Tichý, Marek ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelors thesis is focused on nuclear energy. It describes the generations of nuclear reactors and their representatives. The main goal of this work are small modular reactors which are discussed in more detail. This thesis describes types of reactors, their descriptions and also their use cases.
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Absorption cycle in the heating industry
Pleva, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Goal of this thesis is to introduce technology of absorption heat pumps in various modifications. Technical design draft is created for chosen modification (single stage unit water-LiBr) and based on given parameters calculated in computing software EES (engineering equation solver) and process is explained step-by-step. Following part of thesis contains reference design draft of heat plant and this design is used to demonstrate several different options of applying absorption heat pump including version capable of providing also cooling. Those options are compared with each other from technological and economical stand point.
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Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition)
Kujaníková, Tereza ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition) Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the issue of relevant markets delineation in energy sector. More precisely, to determine which relevant markets have been identified in this sector by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, eventually by the European Commission. The reason for my research derives from absence of any comprehensive study dealing with the subject matter, despite its essential importance both for competitors and competition itself. To identify relevant markets is a prerequisite for ruling competition cases by antimonopoly authorities (while assessing concentration of undertakings, abuse of a dominant position or anticompetitive agreements). The thesis is composed of three parts, each of them dealing with different aspects of relevant markets delineation. Part One is introductory and defines scope and basic terminology used in the thesis: competition, competitors and energy. Part Two examines more closely methodology of identifying relevant markets. This part consists of five chapters. Chapter One focuses on relevant market definition and its importance. Chapters Two to Four deal with different perspectives of its delineation, i.e. product, geographic and...
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Utilization of absorption systems in the heating systems
Vidlák, David ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Main goal of this work is familiarization with basic features of absorption heat pumps and it’s growing importance on the market. In the first part of the work there is a research for clarifying facts associated with such pumps. In the introduction there are descriptions of basic information from the field of heating industry and its connections to our systems. Next there is a brief analysis of price changes in electricity and heat in the last five years. Main part of the analytical section is a description of the used absorption system. Second part of the work is focused on the calculation of the absorption system itself. First there is calculated internal and external part of the device according to the parameters from GE Power s.r.o. After this step there are parametric studies based on changes of key parameters of the default device for a demonstration of the behavior of a heating pump. In the end of the work there is a integration of the unit into the heating cycle for variations including flue gas condenser and using a cooling water from the turbine condenser.
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Reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG 5 in Opatovice Power Plant
Rak, Vítek ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis discusses the reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG5 of the Elektrárny Opatovice and introduces options of technical solutions for power central of combined heat and electricity production. First section describes the differences between back-pressure and condensing turbines. Next section briefly introduces the company Elektrárny Opatovice a.s. with the description of the current back-pressure turbine TG5, which is near end of it life cycle and is to be reconstructed in following years. Based on the technical-economic analysis of the operation of the current TG5, possible benefits of new technical solutions are proposed.
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Energy supplies fairgrounds
Foit, Vladimír ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis titled Energy supplies fairgrounds is divided into four parts. The first part is devoted to the theory of sources of froze and heat energy. The next part deals with current condition of energy supplies of fairgrounds. The third part is based on the design of possible adjustment of energetic management for both the whole compound and partial objects. The last part sums up all the adjustments and evaluates all the real variants by closer economic analysis.
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Marketingové chování teplárenské společnosti v regulovaném odvětví energetiky
Koutník, Michal
Heat supply industry is one of the economic energy industries. The heating supply companies are considered local monopolies. This state is caused by customers having practically no opportunities to change the supplier or the way of heating. The reason for this is mainly the investment intensity of obtaining the technology of heating systems. The specific problem concerning the heating supply companies lies in the fact that the majority of customers are households which, as a result of increasing prices of consumed thermal energy, are interested in savings. The volume of heat sales to households depends particularly on outside temperature. The customers cannot be motivated to make higher purchases because they take only as much thermal energy as they need to balance heat losses of a heated object. The dissertation thesis called 'The marketing behaviour of a heating supply company in a regulated energy industry' deals with the possibilities of using marketing tools in companies that are active in price-regulated energy industry. It outlines the basic relationships that individual subjects in the heat supply industry establish among themselves and it analyses these relationships. First and foremost it contains the assessment of influence of external factors on heating supply companies. It points out the possibilities of using individual elements of the marketing mix in a heating supply company, a combination of elements or specific conditions in heat supply industry of only one of them. The cause of this state is seen in the fact that the product is unambiguously determined, the price is significantly regulated by state represented by the Energy Regulatory Office and the system for thermal energy distribution is firmly established. It is shown that pointed and effective use of the marketing communication tools (especially the creation of public relations, sales and advertising support) is the most effective element of the marketing mix. While preparing the dissertation thesis, individual hypotheses were determined and established facts were confronted with real conditions in a specific heating supply company, VYTEZA, s.r.o., which supplies heating to more than 3700 households in the city of Vyškov.
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Analysis of the Current State of Power Plant
Rak, Vítek ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis presents the Opatovice nad Labem thermal power station (owned by Elektrárny Opatovice, a.s.), which is a combined heat and power producer employing a cogeneration, an eicient mean of exploiting primary energy resources widely used in heating industry. Firstly, the basic terms of heating industry are introduced along with various designs of heat networks, and the fuels used in the Czech republic are listed. The next part of the thesis analyses the actual state of the Opatovice nad Labem power station. Based on the analysis possibility for better saving of the primary fuel is suggested.
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