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Structure, function and pharmacology of NMDA receptors
Švehla, Pavel ; Vyklický, Ladislav (advisor) ; Bendová, Zdeňka (referee)
Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter between neurons in the central nervous system. The effect of glutamate is caused by the activation of distinct ionotropic glutamate channels: AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors. NMDA receptors play a critical role in the synaptic plasticity and excitotoxicity. Despite the crucial role of these receptors in the right function of the brain, their overexcitation under pathological conditions may result in such neurological disorders as Alzheimers, Parkinsons and Huntingtons diseases. The aim of this work is to review available data concerning the molecular structure of NMDA subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors, their pharmacology and therapeutic potential.
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Neurosteroid modulation of ligand-gated ion-channel activity
Krausová, Barbora ; Vyklický, Ladislav (advisor) ; Moravec, Jan (referee)
The term neurosteroids refers to steroids that are synthetized in the nervous tissue from cholesterol or steroidal precursors from peripheral sources. These compounds affect the neuronal excitability by modulating the function of some ligand-gated ion channels. NMDA (N methyl D aspartate) receptors are glutamate gated ion channels involved in excitatory synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity and excitotoxicity. GABAA ( aminobutyric acid type A) receptors mediate most of the inhibitory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain and are targeted by many clinically important drugs. Function of NMDA and GABAA receptors can by affected by neurosteroids, both positively and negatively. The aim of this work is to summarize the current knowledge about the neurosteroid effects on the function of GABAA a NMDA receptors and suggest the physiological role and the potential therapeutic use of the neurosteroids as a regulator of some functions of the central nervous system.
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Simulation of electrophysiological experiments
Kubáček, Svatopluk ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Rychtárik, Milan (advisor)
Simulation of electrophysiological experiments enables to gain valuable data about bioelectrical processes occurring on isolated cells. This thesis deals with basic principals allowing the creation of bioelectrical phenomenons and measuring techniques that need to be used in order to collect information about these phenomenons. The outcome of the thesis is a programme that serves as an instrument for simulation of measuring techniques applied on Luo-Rudy model. The programme contains basic measuring techniques – current clamp and voltage clamp – providing the possibility to change basic parameters of the model. The results of this work are later compared with the accessible literature.
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