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Source apportionment of equivalent black carbon (ebc) at a regional blackground site in central europe
Mbengue, Saliou ; Šerfözö, Norbert ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Holubová, Adéla ; Holoubek, I.
This study focuses on a 5-year measurement of equivalent Black carbon (EBC) at a regional background site in Central Europe. The aim is to identify the potential sources of EBC, especially fossil fuel (ff) and biomass burning (bb). Measurements of EBC in PM10 were performed from September 2012 to December 2017 at NAOK (National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice, 49°35ʹ N, 15°05ʹ E), central Czech Republic, with a 7-wavelength aethalometer (AE31, Magee Scientific). The aethalometer model, based on the wavelength dependence of light absorption (Angstrom coefficient), has been used to estimate EBCbb (EBC from biomass burning) and EBCff (EBC from traffic). The influence of local and distant sources has been investigated using the Conditional Probability Function (CPF) and Backward Trajectories Cluster Analysis (BTCA).\nClear seasonal, diurnal and weekly variations of EBC were observed at the NAOK that could be related to the sources fluctuations and transport characteristic. The higher concentrations of EBC were measured during winter (1.00 ±0.87 μg m-3) in comparison with summer (0.44 ±0.29 μg m-3).\n
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22020011314380 - PDF
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progressive trends in energy exploitation of fossile fuels
Horák, Pavel ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor) ; Matějíček, Luboš (referee)
This paper, as literature retrieval, evaluates progressive trends in development of technologies for energetic use of fossil fuels. The introduction is focused on reasons for increase of energetic efficiency of combustion processes, especially reasons for using of fossil fuels and their consumption over the world and in Czech Republic. Next chapter focuses on mainly used fossil fuels, which means coal, crude oil and its derivatives and natural gas. Those are evaluated in term of quality and historical progress, too. Fundamental chapter analyses particular improvements but also complex technologies used in energetic, for example using of gas turbines, assets of Kalina cycle, complex technology of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC), combined heat and power production (CHP), combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) or pressurised fluid bed combustion (PFBC).
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Potential of renewable resource utilzation in the Republic of Moldova
Granici, Olga ; Braniš, Martin (advisor) ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee)
With growing energy consumption the sector with renewable resources is increasing and becoming interesting for countries all around the world. Use of renewable sources of energy around the world recorded an increasing trend. Currently Moldova do not use hardly any of the renewable technologies. The potential for using alternative energy sources in the country is relatively high. The task of the thesis is to find potential applications of renewable energy sources on the territory of Moldova. Installation of renewable energy technologies considered in the work on the basis of geographic or climatic conditions of the state. One of the main motives of involving a broad spectrum of renewable energy in Moldova could be an attempt to reduce energy dependence on neighboring countries and increase own share of energy production. The thesis is based on the knowledge of the application of renewable energy in the rest of the world.
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Ecological problems energetics CR
Šilar, Martin ; Bok, Jaromír (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
This project presents the current status of power resources and supply in the Czech Republic and examines its different connections with ecology. The existing situation in energetics is described in the first chapter of the thesis. This chapter contains general information as well as an analysis of the progress to date related to the structure of installed power and to the amount of electricity generation and their consumption. The description of the common influence of energetics on the environment is provided in the following chapter, which also introduces the next step, namely a short survey of the characteristics of the currently used energy resources and their direct relationship to the monitored ecological problems. The practical part of the project is based on the calculation of emission in the fifteen biggest thermal power station in the Czech Republic. The calculated amounts of emission are compared with the related features of nuclear waste. The last chapter contains information about the EU legislation concerning the reduction of carbon dioxide. In this respect, there are presented also the measures planned to facilitate the reduction of carbon dioxide in Czech Republic.
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Seawater desalination
Kamenický, Robin ; Hájek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Maar, Tomáš (advisor)
Každodenní nedostatek pitné vody vede ke snahám tento problém řešit. Jedna z možnosti je odsolování ať už destilační, za pomoci membrán a osmózy, či dalších nekonvenčních způsobů jako je zmražení vody. Tato práce se zabývá možnostmi odsolování. Popisuje způsoby destilační, reverzní osmózu, solární odsolování a nezapomíná ani na separaci pitné vody pomoci zmražení. Spolu se získáváním pitné vody ze slané nastává také otázka energetických zdrojů. Využití fosilních paliv, obnovitelných zdrojů energie a jaderné energie, je tedy další nepostradatelné téma popisované v této práci. V neposlední řadě se zde také můžete dočíst o možném dopadu odsolování na životní prostředí, ať už z hlediska globálního v podobě možné produkce skleníkových plynů nebo dopadů lokálních. V závěrečné kapitole je podrobná ekonomická analýza odsolovacího zařízení pomoci počítačového programu DEEP. Popisované zařízení je na bázi multi effect distillation a reverzní osmózy, pro které se získává energie z jaderné elektrárny.
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Production of CO2 and emission trading system
Bravený, Adam ; Niesner, Jakub (referee) ; Ferdan, Tomáš (advisor)
The thesis is divided thematically into two parts. The first one describes the state of gaseous carbon dioxide production, being considered the main cause of greenhouse effect or global warming. By the summary of many sources it is revealed how CO2 is produced, what influences its concentration in air the most and the CO2 level trends. The second part is focused on European Union and Czech emissions trading system, which is actual and widely discussed topic in the last few years. The main rules, mechanisms of the market and a model case of allowances trading is presented. The existence of the whole system and its positive and negative effects on the economy and environment are discussed.
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Fosil Fuels in Europe
Zemánek, Josef ; Moskalík, Jiří (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
Aim of this work is to explore facts about fossil fuels – their kinds, qualities, occurrences. It deals with black coal, brown coal, lignite, peat, oil and natural gas and covers their deposits and possible exploitation of fossil fuels in the Czech Republic. Production statistics from the year 2009 are added.
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Separation and storage of CO2
Odložilík, Martin ; Chroboczek, Libor (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The main objective of this work is to clarify the methods for CO2 capture and storage as an option to limit global warming. The first part is further explained by a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect, there is illustrated his principle, the effects of climate change, the main factors increasing its intensity and its possible reduction. Framework of the second part is description of the technologies and methods of CO2 capture and storage, the individual steps in these processes and also the possible development in the future. Next chapter discusses the pilot research programs and application of referred technologies to in practice. The last part of this work is devoted to the economical aspect of the problems.
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World oil market
Batryn, Maria ; Hinčica, Vít (advisor) ; Němečková, Iveta (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I deal with the situation on the world oil market. The aim is to get closer to the historical and current data of world oil consumption, its supplies and prices, and to outline the future state of the market and also to study alternative energy sources that could replace the currently widely used fossil fuel. To analyse world oil market I have used statistical reports, which are issued annually by the world important world organizations such as OPEC or IEA. Carried out research work is in progress to assess the current supply and demand for oil and at the same time it is estimated the possible scenario in the future oil trading. Biofuels and hydrogen are highlighted among the renewable sources which surely will play a major role in the coming years in search of other alternatives to oil and in which conceals a lot of potential. The view of this work is the outlook of the other years in terms of oil consumption and price trends and approaches the issue of alternative energy sources. Although they promise a bright future for these resources in the form of a reduction of our dependence on oil, research in this field has still many unresolved issues.
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History and present of peat extraction on the area Borkovická blata
ŠTĚCHOVÁ, Monika
In the general section of this thesis are shortly characterized fossil fuel, peat bogs and peat, process of their origin, their types and importance. Another important part of this work is the extraction of peat, its trend, subsequent restoration and environmental problem of the peat extraction. The main part is the characteristic of the area Borkovická blata, mapping out mining process in the area and the present condition. Furthermore, there is shortly characterized the company Rašelina, a. s., which extracted in Borkovická blata peat for a long time and is still engaged in the extraction and processing of peat.
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