|
|
Morphology of Fascioloides magna life stages and histopathological changes in selected species of definitive hosts
Košťáková, Monika ; Kašný, Martin (advisor) ; Hodová, Iveta (referee)
Fascioloides magna is a trematode originating in North America. It is a significant pathogen, especially in cervids, but it can also infect ruminants kept for agricultural purposes.Adult trematodes are found in the liver tissue of their definitive hosts, where they can survive for a long period of time and produce large quantity of eggs. Those are passed through bile ducts and intestine with feces into the external environment. This thesis is focused on the morphology of individual developmental stages of F. magna. To this date only very limited number of literary resources concerning the topic had been published. Recorded results are compared with literary resources on Fasciola hepatica, a closely related trematode. The morphological characteristics of the individual developmental stages were studied by using histological, electron-miscroscopical and other methods (fluorescent labelling). The thesis also describes pathological changes of the definitive hosts' liver tissue. By means of the stated methods, the thesis expands the existing knowledge on the morphology of F. magna especially of surface structures and the distribution of the senzoric organs, some of which have been described for the very first time. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Eating Disorders from a gender perspective: disease, or part of life?
Kaválková, Kristýna ; Kolářová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ezzeddine, Petra (referee)
Eating Disorders from a gender perspective: disease, or part of life? Bc. Kristýna Kaválková ABSTRACT This dissertation deals with a problem of "eating disorders", which are defined in medical literature, media and magazines as psychological disease, which relates to pathological way of dealing with food, body and himself/herself. It shows that that this area is not neutral from the gender point of view; eating disorders are usually women's matter. Based on semi-structured interviews within the framework of qualitative research, this work analyses opinions of women, who have experience with this, especially their experience of their physicality and daily life. It is also focused on how women perceive the presentation of eating disorders, which concerns them, in media, medical publications and society and how they interpret their status as those who are recovering from this illness. Women's testimonies point at the fact that their surroundings look at them as persons defined through their illness, as persons, who are exclusively connected with pathology and stigma. This view of surroundings, media and specialists, however, omit the diversity of human identities. It shows that women alone can interpret their experiences in different way. They perceive their eating disorder in the context of dominant discourse...
|
|
|
Histology of the lungs with a focus on bronchogenic carcinoma
KAPOUNOVÁ, Pavla
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explain the anatomic and microscopic lung structure as well as basic features of selected pulmonary disorders, especially of bronchogenic carcinoma. The thesis deals with types, causes, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma. The thesis is comprised of two parts. The theoretical part introduces lung development, anatomic and microscopic structure of the lower respiratory tract, lung structure and function, vascular supply, and lymphatic drainage. The most frequent nonneoplastic and neoplastic pulmonary diseases are described here. The practical part of the thesis is focused on tissue processing. This complex process starts with the removal of a tissue specimen from a patient's body (biopsy) and it is finished when microscopic slide is handed to a physician (pathologist). All steps are important; there is an imperative to prevent any specimen damage as it could hamper the diagnosis. All tissue specimens must be stored in a fixative and delivered to a histopathologic laboratory, together with a clinical request for a pathological examination. Following steps are carried out in the histopathology laboratory: macroscopic examination and cut-up, processing in a tissue automate, embedding, cutting, and staining. The basic staining method is performed by hematoxylin-eosin. Finally, slides are covered and given to a pathologist who establishes a diagnosis on a particular slide, or asks for additional examinations. These may be additional histochemical stains or auxiliary studies such as immunohistochemistry or genetics. All these methods may contribute to a final diagnosis of the biopsy. The chapter Frequency of diagnoses summarises lung biopsies examined at our department (Šikl Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Plzen, the Czech Republic) in 2015. In the discussion, the frequency of bronchogenic carcinoma types is evaluated with a regard to the sex and age. Several graphs are added. Research: CD133 as a prognostic marker for non-small cell lung cancers.
|
|
|
Finite element modelling of pathological changes in human vocal folds tissue and their influence on videokymograph
Martínek, Tomáš ; Matug, Michal (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
Master´s thesis deals with creating planar computational model of human folds, involving fluid-structure interaction. With this model, the influence of changes in vocal folds tissue layers (stiffness, thickness) and their effects on the videokymograph image are studied. Analysis of the results also deals with the evaluation of pressure at selected points below, between and above the vocal folds. The results indicate a possible similarity with the behavior of human vocal folds with pathology. Background research of vocal folds function, an overview of vocal folds pathology and summary of computational models are included.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
