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Waste composition analysis as a support mechanism for circular economics
Halamíček, Samuel ; Varbanov, Petar Sabev (referee) ; Fan, Yee Van (advisor)
Předkládaná diplomová práce se zaměřuje na využití analýzy složení odpadu k usnadnění přechodu lineárního odpadového hospodářství na oběhové hospodářství. První část práce se zabývá úvodem do tématu odpadového a oběhového hospodářství, po kterém následuje seznámení s technikami a nástroji pro provádění analýzy složení odpadu. Druhá část práce představuje detailní analýzu, která identifikuje složení odpadu na první a třetí úrovni se zaměřením na komunální odpad. Složení odpadu vychází z certifikované metodiky, která vznikla v rámci projektu TIRSMZP719. Správa a analýza dat byla prováděna především za pomocí programovacího jazyka Visual Basic for Application (VBA). Výsledky analýzy složení odpadů jsou znázorněny pomocí grafů, které umožňují identifikovat možné trendy a rozdíly v toku odpadů v rámci zkoumaného období, území či jiného parametru. Použitelnost nástroje při navrhování vhodných způsobů úpravy a využití odpadů na základě zjištěného složení je prezentováno na případové studii města Brna. Z analýzy vyplývá, že největší podíl (23,17 %) směsného komunálního odpadu tvoří bioodpad, přičemž jako hlavní složka bioodpadu byla identifikována složka potravinových odpadů. Toto zjištění navrhuje vysokou proveditelnost a potenciál pro výrobu bioplynu. V této práci je rovněž navrženo řešení zpracování odpadu i pro ostatní složky směsného komunálního odpadu. Takové zhodnocení je klíčové a mohlo by vést k potenciálnímu snížení množství směsného komunálního odpadu až o 40 %. Toto zjištění je velmi důležité, protože celková navržená koncepce dokáže odpovědět právě na separační potenciál, který je navázán na stanovené cíle či jiné závazky související s cíli Plánu odpadového hospodářství ČR. Navržené posouzení akcentuje navržené cíle a ukazuje potenciál pro jejich splnění.
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Waste flows modelling and assessment of their treatment
Kolátor, Matyáš ; Smejkalová, Veronika (referee) ; Pluskal, Jaroslav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the description, analysis and reconstruction of waste evidence. Nowadays, more and more emphasis is put on the issue of waste management and its efficient use. Legislation has set demanding targets for increased waste recovery and the development of a circular economy. In order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to plan and organize the structure of waste management strategically. Important decisions in the field of waste management are based on data and the production and processing of waste. The quality of waste data has a major impact on the success of the process. The aim of this thesis is to describe the system of record, but also the possibilities of improving and reconstructing invalid data. The core of the work is the testing and improvement of a data reconciliation tool REVEDATO developed at the Institute of Process Engineering. The computational tool is based on the mathematical apparatus of data balancing, for which the correct definition of the weights is crucial, which will be the main subject of the work.
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PET waste treatment in the Czech waste management
Hanáček, Ondřej ; Gregor, Jiří (referee) ; Kropáč, Jiří (advisor)
The subject of this thesis is a description of PET waste collection and management systems within the Czech waste management. The essential part of this thesis is a description of the considered deposit-refund system for PET beverage bottles. It includes a comparison of these systems together with an analysis of the impacts that the possible introduction of a deposit-refund system would have on municipalities, waste processors, retailers, and producers. The economic requirements for the operation of both systems are compared on a specific region of the Czech Republic, for this purpose an approach to the assessment of operational requirements was designed and a calculation tool in MS Excel was compiled.
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Circular economics in construction
Tatarin, Tomáš ; Marek, Martin (referee) ; Krejza, Zdeněk (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor thesis Circular Economy in Construction is to map the sources of primary raw materials and the production of recyclates in the context of construction production and to perform a price and geographical analysis. The extension of the principles of circular economy is set in the context of the now widespread linear economy. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the analysis of the circular economy and the possibilities of recycling construction waste. The practical part then analyses the current state of production of minerals key to the construction industry, the current production of construction recyclates, the possibilities of increasing recycling and increasing the applicability of the essence of the circular economy. The paper concludes with a summary of the results of the analysis and possible improvements.
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Legal regulation of municipal waste management in the context of the circular economy
Ambrozková, Zuzana ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Damohorský, Milan (referee)
V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE The thesis deals with the legal regulation of municipal waste management in the Czech Republic in the context of circular economy. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether the current legislation provides sufficient instruments for the transition to a circular economy in the field of municipal waste management or whether the Czech legislation is insufficient in this respect; and to suggest areas that could be supported by appropriate legal instruments. The starting point for this examination are EU Directives (in particular the Waste Framework Directive, the Landfill Directive and the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive). The legal sources examined from the Czech environment are mainly a couple of new waste management laws from 2020: the Waste Act, the amended Packaging Act, the End-of-Life Products Act and the amendment to the Local Fees Act. The thesis further deals with the so-called recycling targets, which in terms of current municipal waste management methods represent rather ambitious targets for the level of preparation for reuse and recycling of municipal waste. The same challenge for the Czech Republic's waste management is posed by the target of maximum municipal landfill waste by 2035. Attention is paid to the actors in the field of municipal waste...
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Benefits of furniture re-use, re-use centre in the South Bohemia Region
MOŠNER, Martin
The main objective of this diploma thesis is to evaluate benefits of the re-use centre Kabinet CB s.r.o. for the South Bohemian Region, with emphasis on cooperation between the re-use centre Kabinet CB s.r.o. and the Nábytková banka Jihočeského kraje z.s. These benefits are evaluated from an environmental, social and economic perspective. Data collected from interviews with representatives of both organisations are used to assess these benefits. The diploma thesis is complemented with a model example of cooperation between the two organisations, represented by a selected type of furniture (wooden chairs). The obtained results of the diploma thesis will be used for further development of both organizations, but also for the whole local area within the Česká federace nábytkových bank a re-use center.
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Zero-waste future?
NOVOTNÁ, Věra
This thesis deals with the issue of a waste-free future. It discusses the possibilities of sustainable development, circular economy and Zero Waste lifestyle. The thesis is structured in two parts - a theoretical one, which deals with the development and description of the above mentioned issues, and a practical one, which finds out what are the obstacles to the spread of the Zero Waste lifestyle. The research is based on the issues of financial and time commitment to Zero Waste, availability of information and actors involved in Zero Waste activities. It was found that although the contemporary public is still influenced by consumerist lifestyles, a section of it resorts to practicing selected rules of the Zero Waste direction. Most of the people are engaged in waste segregation (Recycle), the remaining areas of R's provide opportunity for development. The main barriers to the spread of Zero Waste lifestyle are the lack of information about Zero Waste, the unavailability of Zero Waste shops and other initiatives, and its time-consuming nature. Recommendations for the expansion of Zero Waste are mainly based on increasing the promotion of sustainable lifestyles, and consequently of the individual Zero Waste rules, through the internet, the media, the activities of cities and municipalities and, last but not least, through educational activities at all levels of education. It is also worth mentioning the support for the creation of new Zero Waste initiatives or the promotion of a change in consumer attitudes.
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Competitiveness of Enterprises classified in Low Technology Industries
HERCLÍKOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis deals with the issue of competitiveness at multiple levels of the economy. From the national economic sector, which in the thesis represents a sector of technologically less demanding industry, through the textile industry to the enterprise itself. The first half of the thesis focuses on defining the concept of competitiveness and also on the ways of measuring it. The thesis includes a short economic characterization of the selected enterprise and its approaches to circular economy. The main objective of the thesis is to evaluate the possibilities of assessing competitiveness through the economic performance of enterprises classified in a technologically less demanding industry by means of selections of appropriate indicators, also in the context of the principles of circular economy. At the end of the thesis, a mutual comparison at all evaluated economic levels was made.
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Principles of the circular economy in the automotive industry
KOLÁŘ, Petr
This thesis deals with the issue of circular economy and the automotive industry. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the levels of circular economy principles in the automotive industry based on the analysis carried out. The sub-objective of the thesis is a proposal to improve the current situation. The aim is to find out what level of acceptance of the circular economy in the automotive industry the Czech Republic achieves in comparison with other European Union countries and how it could improve this level. Furthermore, the thesis analyses what is the development and to what extent the renewal of the automotive fleet in the Czech Republic is going on. Due to the availability of data, the time period from 2009/2010 to 2021/2022 is examined. The principle of use of the circular material rate in the automotive industry and the principle of fleet renewal are analysed. Finally, for both principles, a proposal for improving the current situation is given. The resulting resulting calculated data and suggestions for improvement provide an opportunity for future predictions. These can be useful, for example, for those in the automotive industry who are considering the future direction of the company. A positive finding of the thesis is that the Czech Republic has made a significant advance in the rate of circular material use in the automotive industry over the period studied, and a positive trend can be seen for future years. On the other hand, there are still considerable reserves in the renewal of the automotive fleet and much room for improvement.
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Zapojení podniků v ČR do evropského podnikání v rámci bioekonomiky
SAGAPOVA, Nikola
The dissertation deals with the mapping of the potential for the involvement of enterprises in the Czech Republic in European bioeconomy, specifically in the bioplastics sector, which is currently a dynamically developing industry. The focus is on the factors and contexts that influence the possibility of entering this sector, which arise from the internal and external conditions of firms. The research relies on a combination of methods and provides both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The methods used include literature search, scientometric analysis, neural networks, correlation analysis, market situation analysis, mapping, case studies and questionnaire surveys. Through these methods, the thesis provides a comprehensive picture and broader context of the current situation of the bioplastics industry.
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