|
|
Porovnání teplotně vlhkostního indexu v odlišných stájových objektech pro chov skotu
MOULIS, Petr
The topic of the bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of microclimate in the stable, where the temperature or humidity as an individual quantity does not indicate the ther-mal comfort of animals, so the temperature-humidity index is determined, which after measuring the values of temperature and humidity information on animal thermal stress. The measurement of temperature and humidity values took place from 1.1.2022 to 31.3.2022, which took place on the Moulis farm. Subsequently, the measured results were evaluated using graphs that show the course of temperature and humidity toge-ther with the temperature-humidity index.
|
|
|
Heredity of polledness in cattle
HEGROVÁ, Kateřina
Most cattle breeds were originally naturally horned. The horns were used as a tool of defense and a manifestation of dominance in the herd. With increasing pressure to increase the efficiency of breeding and increase the safety of both animals and care-givers, horned cattle are being dehorned. However, this does not correspond with welfare requirements. In 2009, the complete genome of cattle was sequenced, which started a series of researches in the field of heredity. Genetic manifestations of horns or polledness are controlled by the autosomal locus polled, located on chromosome pair BTA1, characterized by two alleles, for the dominant P allele representing polledness, and for the recessive allele p for horns. In cattle we encounter 4 mutations of these alleles Celtic, Frisian, Mongolian and Guarany. Manifestations of polledness are also influenced by alleles for the presence of scurrs Sc and sc, or alleles for the manifestation of the so-called African horns Af and An. Thanks to the testing of individuals using microsatellite markers or the SNP method, it is possible to mark genetically polled individuals and thus help breeders to expand hornless breeds.
|
|
|
Vhodnocení vlivu reprodukce na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic plemene český strakatý skot
ŠVAJLENOVÁ, Kamila
This work on the topic "Evaluation of the effect of reproduction on the milk yield of dairy cows of Czech pied cattle" deals with reproductive indicators that affect the milk yield of dairy cows. These indicators were monitored and evaluated in two different herds in the company JASANKA s.r.o. From both herds were selected 50 cows, in which the reproductive effects on milk yield were determined and subsequently evaluated, and then the herds were compared. The first part of this work deals with the breed Czech pied cattle and his history, reproduction and milk yield of cattle. Further were introduce the company JASANKA s.r.o. and in the last part of this work were introduce the results found in the herds. The first of the monitored indicators was the age at first calving, then the interval, service period, insemination interval, insemination index and reproductive disorders in the herds, and last but not least, recommendations for breeders to improve reproduction and milk yield in the herds. During the study, it was found that the average time of first calving in the given herds is 30-31 months and 26-27 months. The average values of the interval are 399 days and 406 days. The average values of the service period are 117 days and 124 days. Another of the examined effects was the insemination interval, for which the average values were 67.5 days and 74 days. The insemination index is 1.9 in both herds. Were discovered very high values of reproductive disorders and it 90% and 40%. Although the second does not show the best results, in some cases they are worse than the first herd, the level of milk yield is much higher here.
|
|
|
Vybrané vlivy na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic
MICHÁLKOVÁ SUDOVÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of selected effects on the milk yield of dairy cows of the monitored herd of Holstein cattle. Evaluation and data collection It took place in the Miller farm in Svrkyně. The performance control data were subsequently processed and statistically evaluated.
|
|
|
Moderní trendy ve výživě telat
VLÁŠEK, Pavel
The idea of elaboration of this bachelor thesis was the elaboration of a literature review concerning the development of the morphology of the digestive system of calves, diseases and the method of their breeding and feeding. It also discusses feed additives-probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and phytobiotics. The practical part deals with the effect of probiotic additives on health and body growth. A total of 14 calves were included in the experiment, continuously divided into two groups of 7, control and experimental. Both groups were weighed at birth and subsequently every week until the age of 8 weeks. The frequency of diarrheal disease was also monitored during breeding. The results of the experiment show a positive effect of the combination of Lactobacillus sporogenes, Enterococcus faecalis and Bifidobacterium bifidum on reducing the incidence of diarrhea and increasing the average absolute increase, although it was not statistically significant (P>0,05).
|
|
|
Výskyt a diverzita amphistomních motolic u skotu
VOGALOVÁ, Pavlína
The thesis deals with gastric woodlice of the family Paramphistomidae, which are common parasites of ruminants. Their immature stages can cause severe pathological changes in the host's digestive tract, and massive infection can lead to host death. Adult parasites cause infections of the rumen mucosa, resulting in lower production. The prevalence and diversity of these flukes is currently not systematically monitored. The aim of this study is to describe the occurrence and diversity of gastric flukes in cattle in the Czech Republic and Austria. The practical part consists of examination of dairy cattle faeces from different herds for the presence of eggs using standardised parasitological methods, optimization of a PCR method for direct detection of flukes from the faeces, genotyping of the flukes found, processing of the results using appropriate statistical methods, and comparison with published data.
|
|
|
Genomická selekce v chovu skotu
BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis analyses genomic selection with an emphasis on cattle breeding. Genomic selection is starting to become a common element of breeding programmes of livestock animals rearing and this is a new approach to marker-assisted selection (MAS), where instead of identifying individual interconnected loci all information for predictions is obtained from markers, thus making them more accurate. This thesis aims to approach genomic selection, individual methods of selection and their uses, as much as their implementation in cattle rearing. The work devotes a section to applications of genomic selection in Czech Republic. The possible future development of genomic selection is being hinted in the conclusion.
|
|
|
Hodnocení plodnosti skotu
SPURNÁ, Lenka
The aim of the thesis is to determine the levels of reproduction of cattle in the Czech Republic, the world and in the selected company, then to compare them and to determine the influences that affect them. The company ARGA Březnice a.s., dairy cattle breeding mainly Czech Fleckvieh and about 60 Holstein cattle, was selected for the evaluation of reproduction. The current situation of cattle fertility in the Czech Republic and in the company was determined according to the records provided by ČMSCH, a.s. - Czech Moravian Breeders' Corporsation, plc . The level of reproduction in cattle breeding is generally weaker or poor. There are many influences on reproduction, some of which are more influential and others less so. For example, warmer temperatures have a very negative effect on calving in primiparous cows, a less negative effect on older dairy cows and a positive effect on heifers. When cows were divided into production groups, it was found that cows with an average daily milk yield of up to 27.9 litres conceived better at first insemination than cows with a higher yield. On the AGRA Březnice farm it was found that fertility is also influenced by properly conducted selection.
|
|
|
The effect of polymorphism of some enzymes on fatty acid composition in cow´s milk fat
SVOBODOVÁ, Martina
The aim of the diploma thesis was to determine the genotypes of polymorphic variants of some candidate loci in the AGPAT6 and LEP genes and to evaluate the influence of these polymorphic variants on milk yield and milk fatty acid proportions. Genotypic and allele frequencies of AGPAT6 and LEP were determined in dairy cows (n = 400) of the Czech Fleckvieh breed and its crossbreeds. The PCR / RFLP genotyping method was used. The results showed that the CT (AGPAT6) and MM (LEP) genotypes predominated in the population. The influence of AGPAT6 and LEP polymorphisms on milk yield indicators for the 1st and 2nd lactation could not be demonstrated. The influence of the AGPAT6 genotype on the representation of some short-chain fatty acids has been demonstrated. The effect of the LEP genotype on fatty acid proportions has not been demonstrated. The results of this work make it possible to obtain a more favorable composition of milk fat with respect to human health.
|
|
|
Hodnocení růstové schopnosti telat plemene galloway ve vybraném stádě masného skotu
KARAS, Aleš
Object of this thesis was evaluating growth ability of galloway calves in chosen company. Source of dates was KUMP and the observed period was from 2005 to 2020, ie a total of sixteen years. In thesis was observed indicators of growth ability, specifically achieved weight in 120 and 210 days with increments during inspected years per observed period and their comparison between bulls and heifers. Furthermore, the effect on these abilities of each breeding bull, that was active in herd, and effect on number of calved females or their parity. Finally, a comparison of the achieved values in monitored company with the average in Czech Republic. Large differences were found between bulls and heifers, where bulls achieved on average, about of 10 % higher values of gained weight and gain than heifers. A significant effect was also found according to the order of calving, when the growth abilities of calves are improved from the sixth birth, thanks to better milkiness of cows. The effect of breeding bull is quite noticeable, because the biggest difference between the minimum and maximal achieved average weight in 120 and 210 days is 38 kg for heifers and 54 kg for bulls.
|
guest ::
