|
| |
|
|
Motivational activities for people with Alzheimer's disease
HÁLOVÁ, Jana
Bachelor thesis titled Activation Activities for People with Alzheimer?s disease. Dementia is becoming a social problem, especially in people over 65 years of age. Dementia as a disease begins slowly and quietly. Therefore, patients suffering from it and people around them often confuse it with normal aging. This disease is divided into several types according to its causes. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer?s disease. Alzheimer?s disease is one of progredient brain diseases; in humans it is characterized by the disturbance of multiple higher cortical functions, including memory, orientation, thinking, reasoning, understanding, communication skills, and judgment. Early diagnosis and starting the treatment as soon as possible are essential for affecting the course of the disease. The treatment of Alzheimer?s disease is to be approached comprehensively. Pharmacological treatment is important but so are therapies focused on cognitive rehabilitation and activation of the patient. Activation activity means training and consolidation of motor, mental, and social abilities and skills of a person. Activation activities may include ergotherapy, aromatherapy, music therapy, zootherapy, art therapy and more. Family caregivers, who cannot look after a person a person with Alzheimer?s disease, may decide to place the family member in a home with a special regime. Another reason for such placement may be the provision of care in a facility of a standard better than people with dementia could have received at home. At a home with a special regime, a person with Alzheimer?s disease is looked after by nursing staff, medical staff, workers engaged in activation activities, social workers and other therapists; therefore, this professional care for people with dementia is better. Qualitative research, using the methods of a semi-standardized interview, uncontrolled observation, and content data analysis, was chosen for the empirical (practical) part. The research was conducted at the Home with Special Regime in Strakonice and at the Home with Special Regime Na Zlaté stoce in České Budějovice. Thirteen respondents took part in the research. Jobs of the respondents were as follows: a social work instructor in a home with a special regime, a social work instructor in a home for the elderly, a physiotherapist, a direct care worker, an activation activities worker, nurses and a ward sister. The respondents were selected using the snowball sampling method. The research regarding seven respondents, who work with patients suffering from Alzheimer?s disease, took place at the first facility. Six respondents participated in the research at the other facility. Their ages ranged from 27 to 53 years. The objective of this bachelor thesis was to find out the ways in which activities and activation activities change with the progression of Alzheimer?s disease at the facilities for people with dementia syndromes. A partial objective of the thesis was to obtain an opinion of the workers in social services about activation activities most suitable for people with Alzheimer?s disease. Another partial objective was to map the activation activities offered at the two selected facilities with a special regime in South Bohemia. The research question was as follows: Are activation activities for people Alzheimer?s disease performed with regard to the progression of the disease at the selected facilities?
|
|
|
Smart board and its use in education of an integrated student with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) at elementary school
KOPALOVÁ, Markéta
Integration or inclusion of people with disabilities into the intact society is currently widely discussed in the area of disability. This process is very long and complicated. The results of integrating this person into class of other intact students don´t depends only on a work of teacher, but also on familier diagnostic and on all stimulation program, which helps to the best integrable child. Integration of persons with autism spectrum disorder, whose behaviour is often problematic, can be difficult. But there are individuals who can be, usually with the help of an assistant, integrated into primary school among intact peers. The lack of special education of the teacher can be a disadvantage of the integration. If the teacher does not have enough experience with autism, the teaching can become a problem. That is why information and communication technologies, such as SmartBoard, which is very easily operated, may be a considerable help. Therefore it is suitable for individuals with fine motor skills disabilities and can attract both intact children and children with autism spectrum disorder. This thesis is focused on the use of Smart Board for children with autism spectrum disorder who are integrated at usual primary schools and for whose education and training special approaches are needed. The theoretical part deals with the definition of mental retardation, its etiology symptomatology and division. It also describes dementia of children who lose their previously mastered skills and abilities. A large section of the theoretical part deals with autism spectrum disorders, which are congenital and therefore lifelong disabilities significantly detrimental to the mental development of the individual, and describes etiology, prevalence and symptomatology focusing on the triad of the problem areas. It deals with affiliated disabilities and division of autism spectrum disorders, early infantile autism, atypical autism and other childhood disintegrative disorders, e.g. Asperger syndrome and schizoid childhood disorders. Diagnosis, education and training of individuals with this type of disability are mentioned in this part of my thesis as well. The practical part is based on the information obtained through questionnaires. It is therefore quantitative research using methods of questioning. The research files are all primary schools in the Czech Republic. The data from primary schools that integrate individuals with autism spectrum disorder were examined primarily. It was found out that 75% of primary schools which have integrated a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder use SmartBoard for their education. Particularly the methodical way of obtaining materials by primary schools in each region was assessed. The results showed that more than a half of the respondents buy or create their own materials. 34% sort to these two ways downloading from diffrent Internet portals, where are currently about 16 000 materials for primary schools. Only 40% collaborate with other schools. If the teachers communicated with each other more and shared the proven materials, it would certainly be a significant help for primary schools which are buying the materials and it would definitely facilitate the process of teaching. Acccording to my observations from my research resulted, that if teachers would communicate more each other and share experienced material, it would mean enlargement offers for pedagogical work. The results of this bachelor thesis might broaden the awareness of the widget SmartBoard and its positives which I could see at a primary school where a girl with autism spectrum disorder is integrated and where I could be present at her teaching. Further, the work created an outline of a mathematics methodological material for the fourth class which could inspire teachers when working with integrated pupils with autistic spectrum disorders.
|
|
|
Problems of nursing care for klient with senile dementia
KLOUDOVÁ, Martina
Dementia, also called old age disease is no more the problem of developed countries only, it has become a global problem. The population in the Czech Republic is growing old, which is caused by decreasing birth rate and decreasing mortality in all age groups. Dementia belongs to more frequent diseases than brain stroke and diabetes mellitus among seniors. In 65 year-old people the risk of dementia development is 5 %, at 75 it grows to 10 %. More than 30-50 % of seniors over 85 suffer from the disease (Jirák, Holmerová et al., 2009). Most nurses meet clients with dementia at their wards, which is why they should be educated in the field of specific needs in caring about these clients.The goals of the thesis were: 1. To indicate the specific problems of nursing care about a client with old age dementia. 2. To map the possibilities of educating hospital nurses in the problems of clients with old age dementia. 3. To find the negative factors affecting the psyche of nurses caring about clients with old age dementia. Four research questions were set to reach these goals. 1. What are the most frequent problems dealt with by healthcare staff caring about clients with old age dementia? 2. In what way a nurse communicates with a client with old age dementia? 3. What are the possibilities to educate nurses in the issues of old age dementia? 4. What are the negative impacts on the psyche of healthcare staff members working with clients suffering from old age dementia?The method of quantitative research by means of interviews was applied to elaboration of the thesis on the topic Problems of Nursing Care of a Client with Old Age Dementia. The interviews were semi-structured and were prepared for nurses from various standard departments of Strakonice Hospital. The interviews consisted of seventeen questions and were recorded with the consent of the nurses and consequently literally transcribed. The research was performed from 22 February to 1 March 2013.The research results have shown that all nurses often meet clients with dementia and they know the specific problems related to nursing care of these clients. The results also show that although they are aware of various forms of education in the issues of old age dementia they do not educate themselves and they consider other nurses uninformed. We found during the research that no forms of education are provided in this field at the departments. Despite the lack of information nurses try to solve problem situations with clients upon their experience or collecting information from other healthcare staff, which is usually insufficient. Because of these relations communication between a nurse and a client with dementia worsens, which leads to poor cooperation with both, a client and his/her family, and negative impacts in nurses? psyche like fatigue, stress and tiredness often occur, which is also reflected in their family lives.We think that nurses should be more strongly motivated to education in the issues of old age dementia. Education would bring nurses theoretical knowledge of dementia, it would help them create better cooperation with a client suffering from dementia and they would be able to prevent and duly solve possible problematic situations in the treatment and they would also learn how to communicate with a client with old age dementia efficiently. My bachelor thesis results in a draft of a seminar intended not only for nurses from consequent care departments, which contains the basic information on the issues of nursing care of a client with old age dementia (Annex 5).
|
|
|
Nursing care about patients with dementia at a retirement home and at a home with a special regime in view of a general nurse
DOLEJŠOVÁ, Jarmila
Higher age is connected to many diseases and one of the serious problems which affects seniors worldwide has become dementia. It is estimated that these times there is about 38 million of people suffering dementia worldwide and according to forecasts the amount will rise three times by year 2050. The disease affects mostly seniors older than 65 years. The situation in the Czech Republic is similar. I work at a retirement home and I encounter these problems every day. It was the reason why I chose this issue as a theme for my bachelor thesis. The name of the bachelor thesis is Nursing care about patients with dementia at a retirement home and at a home with a special regime in view of a general nurse. The theoretical part is aimed at general characteristics of a retirement home, a home with a special regime and at a role of a general nurse in these social residential places. Additionally, it describes dementia, its partition and stages. Within the next part, there is described nursing care of these patients. At the end of the theoretical part I mentioned the Czech Alzheimer Society. In our state it has an irreplaceable place in offering help to people suffering Alzheimer disease and also to those who take care about them. Within the practical part I did a quantitative research by using anonymous questionnaire. The results were analysed and used for graph processing. I established four aims together with four hypothesises. The first aim was to discover which positive and negative factors have the particular centres in providing a nursery care according to general nurses. In order to fulfil the aim, the hypothesis was established: In the homes with a special regime, there is provided nursery care with more respect for the specific needs of the patients with dementia. This hypothesis was confirmed by the research. The second aim of the thesis was to discover motivation of the nurses for working with seniors with dementia. The specified hypothesis was that a common motivation is a social conscience and the need to help old people. This hypothesis was also proven. The third aim was to discover whether the retirement homes and the homes with a special regime have compiled standards of nursery care for patients with dementia and whether the homes work in accordance with these standards. The specified hypothesis was that in contrast to the homes with a special regime, the retirement homes do not have established the standards of nursery care for patients with dementia. Opposite to my hypothesis, 64% of nurses working in classic retirement homes stated that the standards are established. I have to state that this hypothesis was refuted. To find out whether the general nurses are being informed with new knowledge in the area of nursery care for patients with dementia and whether this care in the retirement homes differs from care in the homes with special regimes was the fourth aim of the thesis. The specified hypothesis was that the nurses in the both types of the homes arrange their life-long education in the area of care for the patients with dementia predominantly by themselves and not through their employers. This hypothesis was not proven. The reason for choosing this particular topic for the bachelor thesis was to find out whether a permanent coexistence among patients with dementia and their mates in the classic retirement homes is convenient. This aim was fulfilled thanks to the results obtained by surveying the opinions of the nurses working at social centres given at this research. The results of the bachelor thesis will be used and realized practically at The Retirement Home in Sušice, in August 2013, when the capacity of the beds will be increased by 14 units obtaining a special regime status.
|
|
|
Christian principles in social work.
JENŠOVSKÝ, Jiří
JENŠOVSKÝ, JIŘÍ. Bachelor's thesis with the title ?Christian principles in social work? University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Faculty of theology. Department for practical theology. Thesis supervisor: Dr. Ing. Křišťan Alois, Th.D. The first part of the thesis is focused on the possibility of decrease of the stress impact on the client after his/her arrival into the stationary social facility. It offers possibilities to believing and not believing employees of the facility how to find the way to the client, to recognize his needs and to try to comply with them. In the second part of the thesis I focus on the activities as basal stimulation, sense activation and ergo-therapy. I present these job activities as an additional possibility how to find out the information about the client and how to develop the relationships of the employee in the social services or a trained therapist to the client. In the third part, I investigate by observing with participation the development of the relationship of two believing clients to the believing and not believing social employees. The research deals with reactions of clients in particular daily situations on employee in social services (believing and not believing). The research examines and records acting of the observed clients in various types of mood, during health problems, depression or also in good mood. It tries to present as real picture of acting the observed clients as possible in contact with belief and non-belief of the social employee.
|
|
|
Activation activities in the nursing home
KROUPOVÁ, Štěpánka
Title: Special Activation Programs In Nursing Homes Residents The aim of this bachelor thesis is to specify activation programs for nursing homes residents. The activation programs are focused on the nursing home residents with or without moderate or severe disorientation (dementia). The thesis is mainly theoretical and it consists of four parts. The first part describes the basic concepts concerning aging, old age and special needs of nursing home residents. The second part of the thesis deals with the nursing homes in general and with the role of a social worker. Basic ideas about the process of adaptation of nursing home residents and special activation programs are defined in the second part of the thesis. The third and the fourth part of the thesis are dedicated to the particular activation programs which are lead by a social worker or by an activation nurse.
|
|
|
Accommodation with a special regime
WENDLOVÁ, Michaela
In my graduation theses I describe problems of accommodation with a special regime. These buildings are built for people who are not self-sufficient, because they suffer from chronic psychical diseases, Alzheimer´s disease or the other form of dementia. This service provides its help for people with a chronic dependence. My text is divided to a theoretical part and a practical part. In the first part I defined a type of this service and people who are an aim group. I concentrated on rules and conditions that is necessary for a registration of this service. In a practical part I determined four hypotheses and I tested them by a questionnaire. I cooperated with staff of the mental home and the municipal office ? a social section.
|
|
|
Specifics of nursing care for patients with Alzheimer's disease in Alzheimercentrum
KREJČÍŘOVÁ, Martina
Alzheimer's dementia is a disease that results in complete decomposition of the patient personality. The number of patients who become ill with Alzheimer's dementia in the world is constantly increasing and nursing care for these patients is therefore becoming a hot topic. The objective of the bachelor?s thesis entitled ?The specifics of nursing care for patients with Alzheimer's disease in Alzheimercentrum? was to determine the specifics of nursing care for patients with Alzheimer's dementia along with the fact whether nursing professionals starting to work at the Alzheimercentrum are familiar with these specifics.The theoretical part deals with the causes and symptoms of various types of dementia and concrete specifics of nursing care for patients with Alzheimer's dementia and with dementia of another type, including differences in nursing care.The practical part took a form of quantitative research. The survey research was carried out using questionnaires, respondents being general nurses, nursing assistants and professional social workers starting to work at the Alzheimercentrum on devices Filipov, Zlosyň, Průhonice, Písek and Loucký Mlýn. The results were summarized into the graphs, the analysis of which confirmed the hypothesis No. 1: Nursing care for patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease is different from care for seniors with dementia of another type, and hypothesis No. 2: Nursing staff taking up the post of general nurse at Alzheimercentrum have knowledge of the specifics of the nursing care for demented patients. On the other hand, hypothesis No. 3: Nursing staff taking up the post of professional social worker at Alzheimercentrum have knowledge of the specifics of the nursing care of demented patients, was not confirmed. The outcomes of the research have shown that general nurses have satisfactory knowledge of nursing care for patients with dementia; unlike nursing assistants and professional social worker who lack this type of knowledge. Educational material based on these outcomes is going to be published; it shall make it easier for the nursing staff at Alzheimercentrum to understand the specifics of nursing care for patients with Alzheimer's dementia and dementia of another type. This material can also be used in trainings of nursing care for patients with dementia.
|
|
|
Care for a Client with Alzheimers Dementia
ŠTEFLOVÁ, Zdeňka
The title of this bachelor thesis is Care for a Client with Alzheimers Dementia. Alzheimers dementia is characterised as a progressive neurodegenerative process. This disease is known as the fourth major cause of death, just after ischemic heart disease, tumours and cerebrovascular accidents. Alzheimers dementia affects most often people above 65 and it is a demanding disease from medical, social, economic and psychological point of view. It is called Silent Epidemic. The theoretical part is focused on Alzheimers disease, its causes and symptoms, medical examination methods and treatment. Then this part describes the role of a nurse and the specifics of the treatment in the areas of nutrition, safety, communication, rehabilitation, hygiene, dressing, evacuating and cooperation with the family. In the practical part the quantitative and qualitative research was carried out. The aim of the research was to find out about the knowledge of nursing staff regarding the specifics of the nursing care for a client suffering from Alzheimes dementia in the hospital of Jihlava. To collect data from the nursing staff, an anonymous questionnaire was used. The research was carried out from February to March 2012. The objective of the qualitative research was to find out what the relatives expect from the nurses caring for clients with Alzheimers dementia in the hospital of Jihlava. To achieve the above mentioned objective, the method of questioning was applied together with the technique of an unstandardized interview. 6 nurses were interviewed. The research was carried out during February and March 2012. Based on the questionnaires I found out that the nursing staff is familiar with the issue of the specifics of the care for a client suffering from Alzheimes dementia. The research also revealed that the nurses who work at the Department of shut-ins have a frequent contact with clients with Alzheimes dementia and thus, they have experience in caring for them. The assessed interviews have shown that caregivers let the client hospitalized in case they are overloaded, not able to provide proper care and also in case the clients flat is being adjusted or if a caregiver goes on holiday. If a client is not able to do something or needs help, families expect the nurse to help the client. It is evident the caregivers do not expect the nursing staff to do miracles. They only wish that the clients health state did not get worse during the clients stay in hospital. Persons, who look after the client for a short time, do not have enough information about the disease, its progress and essential care and they expect from the nursing staff too much. The bachelors thesis will become the basis for the lectures within the colloquium in the hospital of Jihlava and also for elaborating of standards in the procedure of care for a client with Alzheimers dementia. I have created the information material which contains ten basis points in each of the areas of care.
|
guest ::
