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Public awareness about the issue of hemorrhoids
Sedláčková, Andrea ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Strnadová, Alice (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Hemorrhoids, defined as dilated vascular plexus in rectum and anus, is a disease that affects significant and diverse part of population. This disease is caused mainly by unhealthy and sedentary lifestyle, which is typical for many people these days. Every individual can either prevent or change most of the factors contributing to the emergence of this disease by altering his or her lifestyle. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine whether the general public is informed about the problems of hemorrhoids or not. The theoretical part focuses on the knowledge concerning the disease hemorrhoids, its historical evolution, anatomy, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, complications, treatment and nursing care after hemorrhoidectomy. The conclusion of this part deals with the prevention of hemorrhoids and education. The empirical part of the thesis includes a quantitative research, which was implemented by questionnaire survey. The goal was to examine whether respondents are informed about the problems of hemorrhoids, if they follow preventive procedures and how do they apply these elements in everyday life. My goal was also to find out which are the most common sources of information for people and whether they have personal experience with this disease. The distribution of the...
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Intensive care from perspective of the lay public
Vengrínová, Jaroslava ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Lišková, Iveta (referee)
The diploma thesis consists of two parts: Theoretical and Empirical. The Theoretical Part explains the basic meaning of the expression Intensive Care, the types of Intensive Care, its history and provides a description of an intensive care workplace and the health personnel working in Intensive Care (their education and competence). The thesis also deals with patients in Intensive Care and their needs. The objective of the Empirical Part was to ascertain the Czech general public knowledge and attitudes towards Intensive Care, their experience with Intensive Care as a patient or a person close to the patient. The methodology of the Empirical Part consists in a survey using questionnaires among Czech general public. The questionnaire was answered by 259 respondents. On the basis of statistical evaluation of respondents' data made by a statistics computer program, we found out the Czech general public is able to define the notion of Intensive Care and those who had their own experience with an intensive care workplace described the setting of the place as positive, which was a surprising finding. However, we also found out the respondents of our survey still lack information, and they would, therefore, appreciate to receive an information leaflet whenever entering into contact with an intensive care...
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Public Awareness of stroke risk factors
Gašparová, Natália ; Marková, Eva (advisor) ; Novotná, Jindra (referee)
1. Title of the thesis: Public awareness of stroke risk factors 2. Author's first name and surname: Natália Gašparová 3. Supervisor: Mgr. Eva Marková, Ph.D. Institute of Theory and Practice of Nursing 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague Nowadays stroke represents a severe medical problem. It is the third most common reason for death and only 1/3 of the patients following this diagnosis can fully recover. This bachelor thesis shows the importance of public awareness about the risk factors of stroke. The purpose of this study was to figure out if the general public knows what a stroke is, what the risk factors are and how one can prevent and detect a stroke. In the experimental part of the study we focused on a quantity research with the help of a survey, which targeted the question of general awareness about stroke, its risk factors and its possible prevention. The used survey was self-produced. This study includes 145 participants, out of which 60 % were men and 40 % were women. Our results show, that the majority of the participants see smoking as the most severe risk factor in stroke and when it comes to prevention the majority suggests lowering the blood pressure. Further we found out, that most of the participants (17 %) thinks that a headache is the most important symptom of...
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The non-professional public perception of the nurse occupation
Chvojková, Kateřina ; Marsová, Jana (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Lenka (referee)
The work deals with the theme of perception of the nurse job by public. The objective of the work is to find out what awareness of the present work of nurse is with a view of contact of job of nurse, her personal experience and at the same time the experience of neighbourhood of the respondent and with the view of the personal feature of nurse. The objective is also to conduct a survey of factors having influence on opinion of public about job of nurse. In the theoretical part the attention is paid to the definition of the term nurse especially in the connection with its relation to nursing. The overview of the historical development of nurse from the beginning of Christianity until the first half of the 19th century is presented and furthermore it is presented the origin and development of the professional nursing including the situation in Czechia. A special attention is paid to the prestige of the nurse job including the influence of the public on its formation and also the role of the mass media at forming the public meaning is dealt with. In the empiric part of the work the objectives of the work are formulated. The results of the questionnaire investigation are illustratively depicted with help of tables and figures. In the conclusion the results of the research are summarized including the...
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Archaeology and the public - the relationship of the science and the general
Mikešová, Veronika ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Tichý, Radomír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the relationship of archaeology and the general public in Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is firstly the analysis and consequent evaluation of the current situation in presentation of Czech archaeology and secondly, the proposition of possible solutions of this situation. The thesis contains the theoretical parts besides the practical ones, which present the point of view of both general public and experts, on the ground of realized research of public opinion. Some of the chapters contain also foreign analogies, that have to serve as means to deeper understanding and demonstration of broader comunication possibilities between archaeologist and the public. Key words: archaeology, science, general public, Czech Republic, popularization, presentation
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The comparison of knowledge of electromagnetic field theory for laymen and experts within the civil emergency preparedness
VESELÁ, Barbora
The thesis "Comparison of knowledge of electromagnetic field theory of the laity and experts in the context of civil emergency preparedness" to put three goals: 1. The formation of the structure of an electromagnetic field for experts. 2. The reaching of the comparison of knowledge among experts and laymen. 3. Statistical processing of the results. The author has set the following hypotheses: H1. Theoretical distribution of knowledge in a sample of the general public will have a normal distribution . H2. Theoretical distribution of knowledge in a sample of professional community will not have a normal distribution. H3. The comparison of knowledge among the experts and the laymen will lead to an alternative hypothesis. The thesis was based on the knowledge of the theory curricular process. On the basis of this theory was made up not only the structure of the electromagnetic field, but also the questionnaire. An important step in this thesis was the creating a model structure of electromagnetic field . The structure was based on an analysis of the scientific system - the system of educational programs in the field of civil protection.The same structure was applied to the general public. An important step was to compare the knowledge of protect the population from experts and laymen. This issue has not been investigated in detail and it did not compare the knowledge of laymen and experts in the studied physics. The idea came from the possibility of extraordinarily events where respondents can meet with electromagnetic fields and will need the relevant theoretical knowledge. The aim was to the statistical evaluate of the applied questionnaires. There were applied nonparametric and parametric testing as the verification methods. The theoretical division of knowledge of experts is supposed Poisson distribution, on the contrary, the theoretical division of the general public should have a normal distribution. There was also compared the difference between knowledge of laymen and professionals. The using of the statistical methods have been received and confirmed the hypothesis and the thesis goals were fulfilled.
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Comparison of knowledge from nuclear physics for protection of inhabitants at laical and expert community
BARTOŇOVÁ, Miroslava
The primary objective of this thesis was to achieve comparison of knowledge of nuclear physics for population protection between general and professional public. This idea is based on the assumption of the possible existence of extraordinary events with occurring ionizing radiation and for this reason it is necessary to train specialists for the eventuality of these cases. These professionals should have wider knowledge of nuclear physics than general lay population. This issue has not been examined with lay and professional public yet, as well as there has been no comparison of the two listed groups. Another objective of this thesis was to structure the basics of nuclear physics for workers in civil protection training. For this purpose, the author of this work created a model of nuclear physics, reflecting the basic knowledge of nuclear physics, based on the analysis of the curricula for the IRS. The author explored the forms of studies of university program for the public protection, of members of the Fire and Rescue Service, of university study program for paramedics, of staff of the Anti-organised crime department of Police of the Czech Republic and of the Customs Administration. The analysis showed the widest expected range of knowledge at the technicians of the Chemical Service of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech republic (the chemist), who are professionally trained in the handling of hazardous substances and ionizing radiation sources. These members have become the monitored representatives for the professional community in the survey of this thesis. Lay general public was represented by people from the social circle of the author of this work, i.e. they were an unrepresentative sample of the general public. The theory of physics curricular process was also used, the application of which served to create an alternative test from nuclear physics, which was presented to the respondents. The questionnaires were filled in by 52 technicians of the Chemical Service of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech republic from different parts of the country and by 50 people of the lay public. It should be noted that the questionnaire was created considering the training of the technicians of the Chemical Service, in which nuclear physics has only a supporting role. One of the objectives of the thesis also included the subsequent statistical evaluation of the applied tests of the knowledge of nuclear physics. For validating mainly the non-parametric and parametric hypotheses tests were used. For the theoretical division of knowledge among professionals the existence of the Poisson distribution (the distribution of "rare" cases) was assumed and the theoretical division of investigating the general public should be close to a normal distribution. Also the difference between the knowledge of laymen and experts was investigated. To meet the defined objectives of this work three hypotheses were set, for their verification the methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics were used. Hypotheses were set as follows: H1. Theoretical distribution of knowledge among the general public will be close to normal distribution. H2. Theoretical distribution of knowledge among professionals will not have a normal distribution. H3. Comparison of knowledge in both groups by using the parametric tests will lead to the adoption of alternative hypothesis. All three defined hypotheses were verified via statistical survey and accepted positively. The test, however, does not show the ability or inability of the tested experts to carry out practical tasks associated with their profession. This thesis only aimed to discover theoretical knowledge of nuclear physics, which is based on the theoretical assumption that specialists dealing with adverse events with occurring ionizing radiation pass through a variety of specialized courses that include introduction to the theory of nuclear physics.
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Mapping of Knowledge of the General Public about First Aid.
VÁCHOVÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with first aid knowledge among the general public. The theoretical part focuses on the basic aspects of first aid. The practical part is a survey of the results of the research, which are then evaluated and commented upon in the discussion. The research group consisted of people of working age. To obtain the data used quantitative research, carried out by polling, through a questionnaire. Based on its evaluation were confirmed or refuted in advance the hypothesis. These hypotheses were statistically verified. Research suggests that the level of knowledge of the general public is not sufficient.
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