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Possibilities of elimination of sulfonamides from the aquatic ecosystem
Suková, Petra ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the determination of sulfonamide antibiotics especially the possibility of elimination of these substances from the aquatic ecosystem. Nowadays, environmental contamination of the pharmaceuticals and their residues is a serious concern. Main sources of this contamination are wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where these compounds are not effectively removed by contemporary conventional technology. For this reason, new methods are being developed and tested that could eliminate the number of contaminants entering the environment in this way. There is a possibility to use the potential of the enzymatic system of wood-decay fungi, especially white rot fungi. Six representatives of sulfonamide antibiotics were selected and isolated from the aquatic matrix via solid phase extraction. The final identification and quantification method was high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Monitoring of the concentration level of selected sulfonamide antibiotics at the inflow and effluent at the Brno-Modřice WWTP was carried out weekly. Moreover, the effectiveness of elimination of selected antibiotics from the aquatic ecosystem by the use of Trametes versicolor wood-decay fungi cultured on a suitable carrier was verified.
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Concept of wastewater solution for village Třebešov
Chaloupka, Ondřej ; Pumprlová Němcová, Miroslava (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
Water is the essential building block of life on the planet Earth. Its importance was overlooked in the past and quality of water in surface watercourses noticeably dicreased. It is an important fact, that according to the principles of sustainable development water became treated more economically and the water, wich people use, started to be cleaned properly before discharging back into the nature. One possible method is using of vertical sand natural filters. The Bachelor thesis deals with a possible solution of treatment wetlands for the village Třebešov. In this village there is located only an united sewer and therefore a water reservoir for rain water will be part of the design. In this water tank the rain water diluted with sewage will be cleaned through floating island technology.
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Reuse of wastewater in multifunctional buldings
Skřička, Jakub ; Úterský, Michal (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents reader with current knowledge in the field of gray wastewater reuse. The theoretical part describes the current state of water in the world, thus characterizes wastewater and describes its treatment. Further, this section describes the possibility of obtaining thermal energy from wastewater. At the end of the theoretical part, the reader is presented with some existing buildings in the Czech Republic that use the wastewater re-use technology system. In the following practical part, all the knowledge from the theoretical part are applied for a concrete project of construction of a graywater re-use technology system in the area of Vlněna in Brno city.
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Determination of NSAIDs in wastewater
Krůzová, Sabina ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The thesis focuses on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in wastewater. It characterizes drugs and defines specific methods of determination naproxen and ibuprofen in wastewater. Besides their characteristics there are pre-analytics and final analytic methods described here which are used for determination of drugs in wastewater. To analyse we used wastewater from Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University in Brno. Samples were filtered and concentrated by solid phase extraction (SPE) and after that they were analysed by UHPLC with diode array detector. Thanks to these practices and methods, there were found, that concentration of naproxen in wastewater from VFU Brno was below the limit of quantification and ibuprofen wasn´t detected in most of cases.
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Study of variants of sewerage of the recreational center Vřesovice
Krulová, Martina ; Frajt, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of sewerage and wastewater disposal in the recreational centre near Vřesovice. The purpose of the diploma thesis is the elaboration of variant solutions of sewerage, including the proposal of possibilities of wastewater treatment, economic evaluation of variants, their subsequent comparison and recommendation of the most suitable variant. The diploma thesis deals with the design of variants of wastewater treatment with subsequent discharge into surface waters. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the individual variants of sewerage are summarized with a comparison of costs and subsequent recommendation of the variant.
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Intensification of the wastewater treatment plant in the village Krumsín
Krejsová, Věra ; Ježek, Jiří (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The task of this master thesis was assessment of the possibility of intensification of biological ponds, which are used for wastewater treatment, and subsequent application of selected systems to the existing wastewater treatment plant in the village Krumsin in the district Prostejov, including economic assessment. In the first part of the master thesis, I worked up the available options for the intensification of biological ponds. In the practical part of the thesis it was prepared a report of the current state of the wastewater treatment plant that serving as a basis for the design of intensification, which is also processed in the practical part. For the proposed variants of intensification was also processed economic assessment.
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Hydraulic optimization of horizontal sand catcher
Kulička, Rostislav ; Šálek,, Jan (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
This work is focused on the development control system flow area in a standardized horizontal sand trap in the Czech Republic used the majority of constructed wetlands for the capture of solid mineral particles. The goal is the development and validation functions of the flow regulator, providing more uniform process of establishment of mineral particles, respectively. reduction of sedimentation of organic components. The actual design precedes the mathematical description through the HEC-RAS, the results are applied in the design of a laboratory model. Work processes theoretically the standardized sand traps, focuses on the comparison of the required residence time of wastewater in the sedimentation area of establishment with the sedimentation time of sand grain on the selected diameter of 0.8 mm. In laboratory conditions were carried out build sand trap model itself, as well as developed a regulatory element. After resolving structural measurements were taken and compared the results with the ideal state. For putting the controller into practice, when an application is planned at the constructed wetlands in Dražovice village, it will have to the most accurate setting of the regulator.
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The use of GC/MS for the analysis of drugs
Sýkora, Richard ; Opatřilová, Radka (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This diploma thesis is based on the current issue of the presence of pharmaceuticals in various components of the environment. Concerning the contamination by residues of pharmaceuticals the most affected environment is the aquatic environment where these substances leaks especially from wastewater treatment plants, which eliminate them during the cleaning process only partially. This work is focused on the selected group of pharmaceuticals, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (salicylic acid, ibuprofen, caffeine, naproxen, ketoprofen, diclofenac) in waste water. For analysis purposes two types of sampling were used and compared: the conventional spot sampling of wastewater and the sampling using passive samplers POCIS. The sampling took place at the inflow and outflow of the wastewater treatment plant in Brno Modřice. The solid phase extraction (SPE) using Oasis HLB columns was used as the extraction method. Extracted sample was derivatized then. Derivatization agents were: MSTFA (N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamid) and BSTFA (N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamid). The final analysis was performed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection Time-of-Flight (GC/TOF-MS).
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Use of heat from wastewater
Tlašek, Miroslav ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problems associated with heat recovery from waste water and energy intensity of wastewater treatment plants. Current technologies allow you to recover heat that was inserted into the hot water. These technologies can be used for small performances in houses and for large building amenities too. It has been shown that by using a heat pump, low-potential heat waste water can be converted into useful heat for heating and hot water. Not only these heat pumps are environmentally friendly environments, but they can also compete with traditional sources of heat. The aim of the study was to describe these technologies and to minimize the energy that is wasted us „will drain into the canal“.
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Sanitation installation and gas installation in an apartment building
Roček, Lukáš ; Vaščáková, Alena (referee) ; Vrána, Jakub (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis deals with design of sanitation instalation and gas instalation in apartment building. It is apartment building with three floors and basement. The teoretical part is focused on wastewater and its treatment using a domestic wastewater treatment plant. The Computational part and project includes a porposal of sanitary and storm sewer, water supply system, pipeline and their connection to current pipes.
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