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Využití hořčíku u nosnic
Jandová, Eliška
This thesis deals with determination of the magnesium and iron retention in organism. In experiment there were used laying hen of carrier type of hybrids Bovans Brown from the age of fourteen months. Chicken were fed ad libitum with feed mixture with the indicator of chromium oxide the entire duration of the whole experiment. From the beginning of the clutch eggs were removed to specify the strenght of eggshells. The balance digestibility of magnesium was found out in three-day periods. Feed consumption was found out by indi-cator method. An average balance digestibility of magnesium in feed mixture was 55, 1 %. Maximum, about 58%, was reached between 40 – 60 days after laying of the first egg. The course of retention of magnesium from 43rd day before laying of the first egg to 73rd day after laying of the first egg is possible to express by polynomial second degree equation Y= -0,0009x2 + 0,1316x + 54,12; R2 = 0,6414. Daily retention of magnesium that was 127 mg before beginning of the clutch was increased with proceeding clutch and egg weight. During the clutch there were retained 179 – 196 mg of magnesium in the layer´s body. Average content of magnesium in eggshells was 3,771 ± 0,2131 g/kg. For the whole reten-tion period average feed consumption was 120,13 g. In evaluation of quality of eggs from the age of 17. to 29. weeks all values were identical with a technological manual of given hybrid.
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Luštěniny jako zdroj vybraných makro a mikronutrientů
Bernreiterová, Hana
This diploma thesis deals with the determination of amount of selected mineral elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu) for eight species of pulses: Cicer arietinum L., Glycine max L., Lens culinaris Medic., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Pisum sativum L., Vigna angularis L., Vigna radiata L. a Vigna unguiculata L. The differences between species in the amount of selected mineral elements and the dependance of the amount on the method and location of growing were determined by atomic absorbtion spectroscopy. The results determined that the best source of selected mineral elements is soybean. On contrary the least useful source is pea. Consummation of common bean and Vigna species is beneficial because of high amount of calcium and magnesium. Except soybean the high amount of ferrum, zinc and copper is in lentil. There was no general difference in amount of selected mineral elements based on location and method of growing.
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Minerální látky a vitaminy v ovčím mléce
Písaříková, Veronika
This bachelor diploma is focused on minerals and vitamins in sheep milk. It describes basic breeds of sheep reared for milk production, the current situation of sheep in the Czech Republic and in the European Union, production and chemical composition of sheep 's milk. In the next stage are described the basic information about the individual vitamins and minerals and their effect on human health. At the end of work is comparison of these vitamins and minerals by various literary sources.
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Minerální metabolismus kamelidů
Menšíková, Petra
The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to provide an overview of the zoological classification of camelids, their physiological and anatomical specificities – with a focus on the specifics of mineral metabolism. The basic mineral substances, their importance and recommended proportion in the diet of camelids and health disorders caused by their excess or deficiency are described in the paper. Furthermore, the sources and requirements of these minerals, the possibilities of their supplementation and the evaluation of their reserves in the organism are described. In the practical part, the evaluation of the supply of mineral substances to the organism of alpacas bred in the conditions of the Czech Republic based on blood tests is elaborated and the values are compared with the recommendations in the literature. Based on the biochemical analyses of the examined animals, no major deficiencies were found, the situation has improved as compared to previously published results and the animals are sufficiently supplied with minerals.
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Minerální látky ve výživě masného skotu charolais
BÍCOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis deals with the significance of minerals in nutrition of charolais beef cattle. We classify minerals as additives, and they are very important in the nutrition of cattle. They are divided into macronutrients and micronutrients. Their deficit can have negative consequences for fetal development, juvenile growth but also for adults. Nowadays, pastures and forages do not provide enough minerals. It is necessary to supplement them with suitable feed ration and control their amounts in the body. The first part of the thesis focuses on the characteristics of beef cattle. The charolais breed belongs to the most efficient beef cattle but also one of the breeds which are demanding on nutrition. In the second of the thesis, the morphology of the digestive system and its function is described. In the last part, the individual minerals and their application to feed rations of individual categories of cattle are characterized. It is important to deal with the mineral nutrition from the last third of pregnancy, when the nutrition affects the unborn calf the most and has influence on the state of minerals even after its birth. The most common way to supplement minerals at farms is by mineral licks or mineral premixes. The most suitable is to supplement organic minerals, which are more absorbable for the organism than the inorganic ones.
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Fázová výživa dojeného skotu
SEZIMOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis deals with the phase nutrition of dairy cattle and its effects on the health and reproductive abilities of dairy cows. The literary section not only breaks down the nutrient needs in the various stages of dairy cow sustenance, but also the distribution of feed, feeding technology, feed ration composition, additives and important agents influencing the yield and reproduction of dairy cows. Furthermore, the practice recommendation focuses on the transit period and the need for mineral substances to maintain vitality before calving and even after calving. At the same time, it was stated how welfare, more specifically the stress of moving groups during the transit period, was able to reduce feed intake. When feed intake falls and the stress of moving dairy cows occurs, there are frequent reproductive and metabolic diseases such as mastitis, metritis, sleaze dislocation and more.
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Správný poměr minerálních látek a vitamínů v krmné dávce při tréninkové zátěži parkurového koně
MIŠKOVÁ, Alžběta
A nutrition of sport horses is a complex science that is increasingly being developed and researched due to the growing popularity of equestrian sport. The necessary amount of substances for the proper functioning of the animal's metabolism is usually provided by the intake of hay and fresh grass. If we plan to participace in sports with the horse, it is important to formulate a proper feeding ration so that not only are the necessary nutrients not lacking, but also that they are not in excess. In this respect, we are looking at vitamins and minerals in particular. A large number of factors play a significant role in the need for these substances, including age, weight of the animal, condition, intensity of exercise and others. In the first part of the thesis there is a brief introduction to the digestive system of horses and their specific characteristics, such as the oblique angle at which the esophagus connects to the stomach, which prevents vomiting. The second part is dedicated to minerals, their requirements for the adult horse and the sources that can be used to obtain them in the horse's diet. A section related to vitamins is also devoted to this subject. In the final part, a short recommendation for practice is made with an example of a daily ration for a showjumping horse in the competition season.
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Influence of minerals on health status and reproduction of cattle without marketable milk production
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Markéta
Minerals in beef cattle nutrition are very important for the health of cows, their conception and also for their calves and colostrum, which is very important to them. The aim of the work was to evaluate the health status and reproductive indicators in terms of the content of minerals in the blood of BTPM cows. The literature review describes the digestive system of cattle, characterizes beef cattle and especially meat simental, in which the experiment took place. I also describe the nutrition of cattle, blood composition and hematological parameters of blood. A total of 3 samples were taken every 3 weeks. In each sample, 12 blood samples were taken from cows aged 20-30 months with a live weight of 600-750 kg. Overall, most values were within the usual ranges. By maintaining the same feed ration and adding a mineral lysis with increased selenium content, the cows could get better and some mineral values would improve.
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Základní aspekty výživy nosných plemen slepic
PAPOUŠKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with the proper nutrition of hens intended for egg production. These are mainly laying hens kept in large farms. It deals with information about the best purebred breeds bred in our country in small farms and laying type hybrids used in large farms. Furthermore, the anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract of the hens, a general treatise on nutrients, minerals and vitamins. This information is then closly describe in more detail with regard to specific categories of animals and their needs.
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Vitamins and minerals in milk and dairy products
ZÁMEČNÍKOVÁ, Marie
The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to summarise the importance and proportion of vitamins and minerals in milk and dairy products and to compare the extent to which they contribute to the coverage of the recommended dietary allowances in human nutrition. Part of the thesis was a questionnaire survey, which was attended by 100 respondents (68 women and 32 men) within the period from February to March 2020. In the questionnaire survey, it was found that 18 respondents drink milk daily, while 50 people confirmed the daily consumption of any dairy product. Participants had an almost balanced knowledge of vitamins and minerals. The classification of individual vitamins according to solubility was correctly determined on average by 74 % of respondents and on average 80 % of respondents correctly classified the mentioned minerals as toxic or beneficial. Vitamins, resp. minerals contained in milk were chosen correctly 48, resp. 44 respondents. One liter of milk contains 7.3 g of minerals, this amount was correctly chosen by 44 people. Sixteen respondents correctly determined potassium, the most represented mineral of milk. The results show that there is some shortcoming in the awareness of vitamins and minerals in milk, and therefore consumer awareness of these bioactive substances should be further improved through various information actions.
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