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Solubility of power plant fly ashes in high-alkali environment
Kejík, Pavel ; Opravil, Tomáš (referee) ; Šoukal, František (advisor)
This work deals with study of alkali activated ashes from high-temperature and fluidized bed coal combustion in thirteen powerplants in Czech republic. A solution of 50% sodium hydroxide was used as an alkali activator in this case. Because the two main elements of these secondary raw materials are silica and aluminum, the main part of the work is study of their evolution to solution and dissolve time dependence. The second part is comparing of the phase composition of powerplant ashes before alkali activation and after that.
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Development of new technology of sand autoclaved aerated concrete with using of secondary raw materials
Ondříčková, Pavlína ; Suchý, Peter (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
Autoclaved sand aerated concrete is a modern building material with high thermal insulation properties. Only sand is used as the primary silicate component of aerated concrete in the Czech Republic. For the more favourable economic and ecological properties of aerated concrete, the use of secondary raw materials is used in this work. The secondary raw materials examined included fluidized bed and fly ash, slag and glass recycled. The aerated concrete composite with secondary admixtures was developed under hydrothermal conditions of a laboratory autoclave for 7 and 12 hours at 190°C. From the secondary raw materials tested, a 10% glass recycler additive yielded the highest strength. Other additives that have a positive effect on mechanical properties include SAKO and Oslavany. From the results of the work it is evident that the use of secondary raw materials increases the strength, improves the rheology of the mixture and supports the formation of tobermorite.
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Ash – the raw material base for the future
Marko, Michal ; Ptáček, Petr (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
This master’s thesis responds to the worldwide problem concerning in the search of new material base for the future usage. Solid residues from high temperature or fluid coal combustion could be one of many alternatives to the raw materials. The study deals with the analysis of side energy products produced by power plant industry in the Czech Republic. Based on the fly ash chemical composition, possibilities of aluminium and even iron and titanium separation were proposed and then proved in the laboratory scale. Extracted components were separated selectively using apropriate methods. Then a couple of sintering reactions leading to improvement the leachability of selected elements from the fly ash matrix were carried out. Appropriate input material modification by high-temperature sintering reaction combined with extraction process in the sulfuric acid solution leads in dissolution up to 99 % of aluminium from the fluid and high-temperature fly ash.
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Study of behavior of vacuum insulation panels based on hybride core insulators
Zelenka, Jakub ; Plachý,, Jan (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The theoretical part of the thesis covers a literature search on the topic of vacuum insulations, their composition and the possibility of replacing the used materials with natural ones. Furthermore, the theoretical part focuses on the application of vacuum insulation in the construction industry and in other areas of use. On the basis of the conducted research, the design of hybrid core insulators based on natural secondary raw materials was carried out, which could be used as a partial or complete replacement of already used materials.
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Study of the behavior of vacuum insulation based on secondary raw materials
Zelenka, Jakub ; Novák, Vítězslav (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with an extensive literature research on the topic of vacuum insulation and their use in civil construction and other areas of application. The theoretical part is devoted to the composition of vacuum insulation and materials suitable for the production of their cores. Based on the performed research, the design of possible alternative core insulators based on natural secondary raw materials has been conducted. These can be used in the production of vacuum insulation.
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Development of polymer repairing material
Juřička, Viktor ; Seidlová, Michaela (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
Rehabilitation of concrete constructions is important and constantly evolving industry, where development of new, advanced materials contribute to increasing the quailty and effectivness of the remedation process. This work is focused on the development of repairing polymeric material that is able to withstand the conditions of the energy industry and other industrial operations, while effectively utilizing recycled materials. The thesis contains a detailed overview of legislative tests of individual properties and is proposing recipes of appropriate repairing polymeric materials, including a proposal for its application and the pretreatment of input materials.
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Design of new materials for rehabilitation of utility networks using CIPP method
Jakubíková, Karolína ; Hodná, Jana (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the design of new materials for the rehabilitation of utility networks using sing the method of trenchless technology (CIPP). It is a special polymer resin containing filler which saturates a suitable fabric in the form of sleeves. In this thesis, the attention is focused mainly to the use of secondary raw materials in the form of fillers and the improvement of mechanical properties of CIPP, including reducing the financial demands of this remediation material. The use of by-products as the fillers is in this thesis investigated both from the point of view of the processability of the material and from the point of view of the resulting mechanical properties.
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Development of progressive polymer anchor material
Žlebek, Tomáš ; Jakubík, Aleš (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with development of a new progressive anchor material on the polymer base. Nowadays, it is effort to utilize secondary raw materials in building industry as much as possible both from an environmental aspects in order to save primary energy sources and the reduction of waste and also due to economic reasons. Therefore, there is an effort to utilize high amount of suitable and appropriately treated secondary raw materials into the anchor materials. The main aim of this work is to develop high quality anchor material characterized by excellent ratio between speed and strength growth, high chemical resistance, thermal resistance and particularly minimal shrinkage. This new material is designed especially for anchoring building structures heavy machines steel barriers and other elements.
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Development of board materials based on secondary raw materials with a good ratio of thermal insulation and mechanical properties
Szotkowská, Michaela ; Sedlmajer, Martin (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the development of board materials based on secondary raw materials. The theoretical part outlines secondary raw materials and their further usage. In addition, the theoretical part deals with a description of protective panels with a focus on underlying profiles and requirements for protective panels in terms of thermal protection of buildings. At the end of the theoretical part, a multicriteria analysis and a method of assessing the impact of the products on the environment using LCA / EPD is described. The practical part describes input raw materials from various industries, test samples, their tests, and subsequent evaluation of required properties. Using the multi-criteria analysis, a board material with a favorable ratio between mechanical and thermal insulation properties was selected for the production of the base profile. Furthermore, the practical part deals with the production of the underlying profile, its testing, determining its competitiveness in the market, and a simplified description of its impact on the environment.
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Development of industrial adhesive material for deposition of nonabsorbent components
Bergerová, Kamila ; Černý, Vít (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the development of industrial adhesive material for deposition of nonabsorbent components in environments exposed to aggressive chemicals and high temperatures. The theoretical part is mainly focused on summarizing knowledge about adhesive materials. The study also includes description of bonded components, describes theory of adhesion and introduces the used materials. The primary aim of this work is to present new design of material composition of a new adhesive of polymer and silicate base material. The work also investigates the possibility of using the industrial waste in the form of secondary raw material. The final part is dedicated to laboratory testing of new developed materials, summarization and discussion of the obtained results.
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