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Hodnocení zdravotního stavu týku (Tectona grandis) na plantáži v podmínkách suchých tropů v Nikaragui
Boltižiar, Martin
The goal of this project was to inventory control the health and the quality of Teak (Tectona grandis) stands on a tree farm in Nicaragua. There have been examined rows in lotes (stands) and measured following conditions: the health condition of a tree, microorganisms on the tree, cross-grain of wood, sapless tree, double stem and doddered top. The second part of the project has been done on experimental areas where all the trees were inventoried in every row. With collected data percentages were calculated for all observed attributes. From the results of the work we can tell the plantation still has a potential to grow stands of good quality.
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Vliv různé intenzity probírky na přírůst v porostech týku (Tectona grandis) založeného ve sponu 1 x 1 m
Hricko, Tomáš
The aim of this work was to find out the effect of three different cultivation interventions on teak forest (Tectona grandis) based on Nicaragua plantations in an unusual spacing 1x1m and to determine which of these interventions have the best influence in terms of the growth of wood mass and consequent mechanical stability of the overgrown stands. A height and thickness measurement of trees in the area of interest was carried out in 2014-2017. It was always a series of three types of thinning (schematic with 75% reduction, schematic combination with positive selection with 45% reduction and individual negative trench with about 55% reduction, one control area was left without intervention) in three replicates for stands based on years 2006, 2007 and 2008. According to our results, the best intervention is those with 75 % of reduction.
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Hodnocení růstu mahagonu (Swietenia humilis Zucc.) na lesnické farmě HFC a.s., Nikaragua
Mílová, Lucie
Bachelor thesis focuses on evaluation of growth of Sweettenia humilis Zucc. on the HFC a.s. forest farm, La Reserva, Nicaragua. Growth parameters were height and girth. During the planting, four restoration biotechnologies were used. It was plantinting on clear-cut area, planting under inclined secondary forest and plantings mixed with Tectona grandis, respectively with Gmelina arborea. The result is that the heights were the highest in mixed stand with teak (528 cm) and the biggest girth were on the open space (22.5 cm).
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Dostupnost zdravotně nezávadné vody v Nikaragui se zaměřením na rurální oblasti regionu Carazo
Křížová, Diana
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of drinking water scarcity in Nicaragua, especially in the rural areas of the Carazo region. Theoretical part describes drinking water definition and the most common causes of problematic accessibility of drinking water including the impacts on local inhabitants. Recommended world water strategies for sustainable water management in developing countries are mentioned. The thesis defines contemporary infectious diseases (infectious diarrhea, viral hepatitis A, leptospirosis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, cryptosporidiosis, and geohelminth infections) in Nicaragua, and the negative influence on its population's quality of live. Analytical part includes data such as accessibility of drinking water and sanitations. The data were accessed during the stay in Nicaragua, mainly in the Carazo region (62 communities, 8,000 households, 45,024 inhabitants), and also from databases and publications about the selected infectious diseases in Nicaragua. Infectious diarrhea, leptospirosis, and viral hepatitis A are the gravest infectious diseases for the local inhabitants (especially for children). Drinking water is absolutely accessible only in 40 (64.5 %) communities with the population of 36,446 (81.0 %) to all households. Sanitations are absolutely accessible only in 3 (4.8 %) with the population of 14,129 (31.4 %) to all households. This infrastructure does not create suitable conditions for these infectious diseases prevention.
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Stav potravinové bezpečnosti ve vybraných zemích Střední Ameriky
Syslová, Petra
Thesis explains the most important terms in the field of food security and comprehensively acquaints the reader with the factors influencing this issue. The aim of work is to monitor the current state of food security in selected countries of Central America from different economically advanced groups and to compare data. This thesis presents and analyzes various aspects that form or have any impact on food security, such as economic or agricultural factors. The resulting output is a reflection of the impact of individual aspects on the overall state of food security.
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Životní styl ve vztahu k životnímu prostředí v regionu Carazo (Nikaragua)
Lebánková, Hana
The thesis is focused on how the human lifestyle affects the environment in nicaraguan region Carazo. The theoretical background serves to define key concepts and is focusing on current state of the environment in the country. The second part of the thesis reflects the results of the questionnaire investigation, which was done by the author of the thesis in the Carazo region in Nicaragua. The main aim of the thesis is to identify human lifestyle of the respondents in relation to their relationship with the environment and to identify the main problems resulting from their behavior.
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Problematika environmentálního vzdělávání na základních a středních školách v Nikaragui
Kolmačková, Alena
The diploma thesis examines the issue of environmental education at primary and secondary schools in Nicaragua. Overall, it is divided into several parts, namely the literary research, the research of the issue of education and the environment in Nicaragua, the analytical part and proposals. The literary research focuses on the issue of environmental education, especially the characteristics of the environment and the education in developing countries in general. It also deals with the role of NGOs in promoting environmental education. In the next chapter, these topics are applied on the case of Nicaragua. In the analytical part of the thesis is described research, which was realized during the foreign internship in Nicaragua by the method of questionnaire survey and interviews. The research investigates the current level of environmental education at primary and secondary schools in Nicaragua, primarily in the Carazo region, where the questionnaire survey was conducted. Further, by the method of interviews, it explores the possibility for local environmental organizations to participate in environmental education at primary and secondary schools. In the final part of the thesis, there is an overall evaluation of the examined issue together with proposal of certain measures that could lead to an improvement of the current situation of environmental education in Nicaragua.
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Comparison of U.S. interference in Nicaragua in the 1980s and after the re-election of Daniel Ortega
Houšková, Petra ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with U.S. foreign policy towards regime in Nicaragua in 1980s and during the last eleven years - since when, specify, which means during the era of Daniel Ortega. For the United States he represents a very inconvenient person and it is using different methods, which have been developing over the years, they are trying to remove him from the leadership of the country. His assumption of leadership of the country provoked commotion in the Reagan administration. It started to work on his overthrow. These attempts led to an affair known as Iran-Contras, when it was revealed that American administration was illegally financially supporting and training rebels, who should have overthrown Ortega. The United Stated started to use more sophisticated methods in the 21st century; they are trying to fight against Ortega by using more diplomatic policy and by new law called the Nica Act. Even though they are not using illegal methods anymore, they have been criticized for interfering into the internal affairs of a sovereign state. My thesis is analysing and comparing the methods, which American administrations have been using in Nicaragua. The main questions the thesis answers are: which methods American foreign policy has been using to interfere into this central American country and...
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Socio-ekonomické hodnocení vybraných léčivých dřevin v rezervaci Greenfields v Nikaragui
Tulková, Jana
This thesis focuses on exploration and description of medicinal woody species on the Nicaraguan Greenfields reserve. The main aim is to measure representation of this species by using forest inventory techniques FieldMap and determine their etnobotanical and medical usage by people living nearby. Their use has been compared with products available on world market. In conclusion, the proposed trade of woody species or parts as the financial benefits of reservation. The entire work was carried out on 41 plots. The height and breast-height diameter of these species were measured. Subsequently, people living near the reserve were questioned about their use of these woody species for medicinal purposes. Selected species with medical use were recalculated on whole area of the reserve. In reserve was found 55 woody species and measured 1 166 trees. From these trees 4 species were selected with the medical use. There four species are Byrsonima crassifolia, Xylosma chlorantha, Malouetia guatemalensis and Pterocarpus officinalis. By these species, the use in medicine was found and described.
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Růst týku (Tectona grandis L.) v závislosti na fyzikálních vlastnostech půd farmy H.F.C. v Nikaragui
Pangrác, Jan
This batchelor thesis is objected on resulting of soil physical attributes in the relation with Growth of teak (Tectona grandis L.) on finca La Reserva in Nicaragua. Soil samples taken by author were subjected to assessment of soil physical attributes and confronted with teak soils ekological requirement. There was fouded that soil character is not suitable for teak soil reguirements. Statistic evaluate of obtained data showed relevations between retencion attributes and growth of teak, it is increase of water retenction at the expense of air volume in the soil.
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