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Nekoncepčnost koncepčního řešení odložené daně
Filinger, Marek ; Žárová, Marcela (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Dana (referee) ; Tumpach, Miloš (referee)
This dissertation entitled "Deferred Tax and its Conceptual Complexities" addresses two immensely complex and intricate issues of deferred taxes and business combinations. Its aim is not only to analyse the development of accounting standards both individually and in mutual dependence, but also, with the help of scholarly works and practical reflections, to draw conclusions on the current state of accounting for deferred tax and on the process of international convergence. In order to achieve this goal, the following approaches were used: close reading of accounting standards as well as professional papers, analysis of the past development from both historical and regional perspective, and deduction of the author's personal conclusions using illustrative charts and a practical example. The dissertation is composed of three interlocking parts looking at deferred tax on its own, the deferred tax in business combinations and deferred tax in a broader context. It is evident, that deferred tax lies at the core of the whole study; however, it does not mean that the ultimate purpose was to dwell on its tiniest details. On the contrary, details, such as the distinction between enacted and substantively enacted tax rates and laws, are pointed out only to shed additional light on the general situation -- especially as the short-term convergence project on deferred taxes is coming to its end -- and on the role of rules versus principles in the current accounting standards, especially on the role of the true and fair view principle. In the first part, the fundamental building blocks (such as the methods of accounting for deferred taxes and the various differences) are introduced from the viewpoint of standards applicable in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, the Czech Republic, and of International Financial Reporting Standards. All the standards are first discussed in chronological order with only the defining issues being analysed; afterwards, the standards are grouped according to the relevant standard setters and discussed in greater detail. The overall picture summarises the main points of the first three chapters. The second part provides the reader first with a general overview of deferred taxes in business combinations, and then focuses on deferred tax assets and the temporary difference arising from the initial recognition of goodwill. The conceptual inconsistencies and the gradually increasing complexity are portrayed using illustrative charts and the results of a simplified practical example based on the data taken from the standards themselves. The conclusion of this part is quite simple: something needs to be done. The question is what. The third part tries to provide the answer. The tentative conclusion is that the path followed by UK standards might currently be the most principle-based, and therefore it could be worth looking at; moreover, it can show that the effort devoted to the reconciliation of US and international standards might be worthless unless it also reconsiders the logic of using the balance sheet liability method with comprehensive allocation but without discounting. The competition among individual standard setters has proved to be of a great importance as it demonstrates that the acceptable alternatives are working not only in the minds of academics, but also in the real world. Finally, the issues of individual responsibility and professional judgement are raised, the pros and cons weighed, and the direction for further research indicated.
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Intangible assets in world respected accounting systems
Jirka, Jiří ; Krupová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šubrt, Zdeněk (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on intangible assets especially from IFRS point of view. Then principles of IFRS are compared with principles of US GAAP and Czech regulation. This thesis provides theoretical base which is explained on practical examples. Finally, the study on goodwill from business combinations and its impairment is carried out. Author evaluates its results and he is trying to clarify cause of high recorded goodwill.
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Cross-border mergers - Czech and Slovak accounting solution
Šmidová, Dana ; Vomáčková, Hana (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Dana (referee)
Graduation theses deal with solution of cross-border mergers from the legal, accounting and marginally tax point of view. Solution of cross-border mergers from the above mentioned three points of view are analyzed firstly on the European Union level, then on the level of the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. The subject of the graduation theses is accounting solution of the cross-border mergers according to Czech trade-law legislation and comparison of their reflection in the Czech and Slovak legislation. The graduation theses contain also an analysis of the cross-border mergers from the accounting point of view according to International Financial Reporting Standards.
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Corporation mergers in Czech Republic - approaches in valuation
Svízela, Josef ; Vomáčková, Hana (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Lenka (referee)
Work is about corporation mergers in the first place in Czech Republic and about valuation issues. It brings comprehensive view into particular business areas in which are mergeres concerned. It is going about business-legal area, tax and accounting area. Particular sections about these areas are supplemented by the role of the expert in valuation and his opinion. Whole work is ilustrated by the exapmple from praxis.
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Accounting methods for business combinations
Jeklová, Karolína ; Vomáčková, Hana (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Dana (referee)
The basic aim of the diploma thesis is to cover the issue of accounting for business combinations, especially focus on accounting methods for business combinations -- concretely purchase method, new-entity method and pooling of interests method. The basis of the whole work is to focus on the methods, their historical development, set them in context with IFRS, US GAAP and czech accounting environment and finally to compare the methods.
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Accounting methods for business combinations
Hlaváčová, Jana ; Zelenka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The graduation thesis is targeted at the issue of accounting methods for business combinations. The main goal of the thesis is to describe and compare tree basic accounting methods for business combinations -- purchase method, pooling of interests method and new entity method, especially in terms of the International Financial Reporting Standards and the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Essential part of the thesis is dedicated to the historical development of harmonization of business combination accounting. Changes in calculation of goodwill are also included.
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Mergers
Pašková, Nikola ; Müllerová, Libuše (advisor) ; Ferdinancová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis is concerned with mergers of companies, from the legal, accounting, and tax point of view according to applicable legislation in the Czech Republic. Part of the thesis is also devoted to the description of the merger according to IAS / IFRS. In conclusion there is a practical example of a merger of joint stock company and limited liability company
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The impact of whole company investment and mergers upon value and structure of equity
Pražáková, Jana ; Vomáčková, Hana (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Dana (referee)
This graduation thesis is concerned with impacts on equity which are caused by some of selected operations with company (whole company investment, merger). The explanation of essence and elements of equity is basis of understanding. Particular operations with company are specified in light of commercial law, accountancy and taxes. Special attention is paid to questions of revaluation. The application of different valuation base has got a fundamental impact upon value and structure of equity.
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