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The role of iridescent and UV reflectant coloration patterns in beetles (Coleoptera)
Vlach, Jan ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Pecháček, Pavel (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the role of iridescent and UV reflectant coloration patterns in beetles (Coleoptera). The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part describes in detail the different types of iridescent and UV reflectant coloration patterns, it deals with the physical origines of coloration and finally it presents examples of beetle species, which possess this types of coloration. The second part deals with the functional perspective of iridescent and UV reflectant coloration patterns. The coloration function is divided into visual and nonvisual part. The part dealing with visual function is focused on interspecific and intraspecific communication, while the part dealing with nonvisial function describes thermoregulation and mechanical function of coloration. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Succession of insect communities inhabiting carcasses of small vertebrates, with emphasis on the beetles
Kadlec, Jakub ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Růžička, Jan (referee)
This master thesis deals with succession and succession mechanisms of beetles (Coleoptera) on carrions of small vertebrates. As a model sample of small carrion a small mouse of weight 20 grams was chosen. In 2014 two experiments occurred. The first one studied the succession of a beetle community in dependence on seasonality and time of death of the sample. The second experiment was aimed to survey the blocking effect of an early insect succession on the final beetle community composition on carrions. It turned out, that during decomposition of the carrion the overall amount of beetles raised equally to the guild of necrophagous beetles. Change of the species spectrum during succession was not statistically confirmed. On the other hand, the effect of seasonality was clear as during the season the abundance and the amount of species increased. The proportion of trophic guilds changed significantly, necrophagous beetles were the most dominant part of the community towards the end of the season. Equally, the taxonomic composition of the community also changed during the season. The seasonal dynamics of carrion beetles was clear; Nicrophorus vespillo (Linnaeus, 1758) and N. investigator Zetterstedt, 1824 showed their peaks in spring and summer while N. humator (Gleditsch, 1767) and N. vespilloides...
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Phylogeny and evolution of habitat preferences of the subfamilies Rygmodinae and Sphaeridiinae (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Sýkora, Vít ; Fikáček, Martin (advisor) ; Zrzavý, Jan (referee)
Subfamilies Rygmodinae and Sphaeridiinae together form approximately one third of the extant diversity within the family Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera: Polyphaga). Members of both these subfamilies inhabit wide spectrum of aquatic and terrestrial environments including specialized habitats such as phytotelmata, carrion or termite nests. So far, habitat shifts within these subfamilies have been only tested with a limited amount of taxa at the family level. Using a broader sampling and Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods, genus-level molecular phylogenetic analysis and divergence dating were performed. The dataset included 96 taxa, representing all major clades (genus groups) in both subfamilies, sequenced for two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes. A single shift from the aquatic to terrestrial environment in the Middle Jurassic was suggested, thus revealing both subfamilies and all tribes as ancestrally inhabiting decaying plant material and leaf litter. Secondary returns to aquatic habitats were suggested for two lineages of the Rygmodinae and several lineages belonging to tribes Coelostomatini and Megasternini. A single shift to flowers was revealed in the subfamily Rygmodinae. Similarly, single independent shifts to the inquiline lifestyle in tribes Omicrini and Megasternini were revealed. In...
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Sexual selection in Scarab beetles with empahsis to the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)
Kněnická, Kateřina ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Král, David (referee)
Sexual selection is a very important phenomenon in nature. In this work, I focused on the mechanisms of sexual selection in scarab beetles, with a strong emphasis on group Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeinae). The first part is devoted to selection and its classification the sexual reproduction and related effects. I tried to describe the list of forms of sexual dimorphism in individual families and groups of Scarabaeoidea and describe life strategies subfamilies Scarabaeinae. Finally I list the factors influencing the individual the attractiveness in the relation to mating success. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Beetles on carrion: life strategies and ecological classification
Kadlec, Jakub ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Růžička, Jan (referee)
This work summarizes available information about beetle communities on carrions, their life strategy and ecology classification. Necrobiotic beetles are very important part of the decomposition process and the return of organic mass to the life cycle. We can classify decomposition by several criterions, most commonly by the overall appearance of the carrion and by the species of present insect. Conclusions are different depending on authors. Process of decomposition of carrion is affected by the readiness of access for different species of insect. Insect succession depends on many factors, some factors increase the process and others decrease it. The interrelationships between different colonizators of carrion are very important, this relationship is described by three models of classic success ecology. Necrobiotic insect has specific adaptations for the life on carrion. For this thesis, we have chosen 13 families, which are often discussed in publications. The rest of 190 necrobiotic genuses from 34 families is listed in this thesis with their characteristic ecology.
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Vliv pastvy velkých herbivorů na společenstva brouků stepních trávníků
AMBROŽOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis is focused on the importance of large herbivore pasture for arthropod communities in temperate steppe. The study site was located in former military training area Milovice, regional biodiversity hotspot, where wild horses and aurochs were introduced as an active measure aimed at biodiversity conservation. Main goals of proposed study were to assess the role of vegetation structure and presence of grazing on beetle species composition in two trap heights, to examine suitability of flight intercept traps for monitoring arthropods of open habitats, to set the continuous arthropod monitoring program on the site and to propose a suitable model groups to assess habitat changes.
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Studium epigeické fauny na lokalitě Mašovický lom
Sluková roz. Vavřínová, Daniela
The aim of this thesis is to establish species diversity of ground beetles within the area of Mašovice stone quarry. This recultivated quarry has been declared the national monument in December 28, 2013 and is also placed to the list of nationally important localities in Europe in the Framework of protected areas Natura 2000. The main reason for its incorporation is its being the most important locality where the Italian crested newt (Triturus carnifex) occurs within the confines of the Czech Republic. In three diverse biotopes, grounded formaldehyde traps with small roof were placed and in which the whole spectrum of epigeic fauna was caught in the period from April to September 2014. Only the representatives of the ground beetles family (Carabidae) were determined and only them were evaluated through the synecological characteristic, such as dominance, Simpson's index, species diversity, equitability and Jaccard's index of similarity.
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Chorošovité houby jako centra druhové diverzity hmyzu
Schreiber, Michal
The goal of the thesis is to find out as many as possible information from the available literature about fungivorous insect (primarily Coleoptera) associated to Polyporaceae. The literature review summarizes chiefly information about regions, in which this issue was studied, also the main methodologies of study of entomofaunas on Polyporaceae were described, which were used by many authors in different areas and also the problem of fragmentation of forests is outlined. In the conclusion of thesis the shortages of previous researches were defined. In the appendix the list of species was made, including families, which were found out from available literature and host fungi species on which every species was described.
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