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Puppies and young dogs nutritions
Šabatová, Kateřina ; Hučko, Boris (advisor) ; Plachý, Vladimír (referee)
Puppies and young dogs nutritions Summary In this work I have attempted to summarize the most important aspects in nutrition of puppies and dogs in growth. The introduction describes the digestive tract and also the changes that have occurred due to domestication. Next is explained the importance of nutrition and water in nutritional requirements of a dog. Important are needs of nutrients and energy that are necessary to maintain the provision of the necessary vital functions. The basic components of food are proteins, saccharides, lipids, minerals and vitamins. I explain the necessary proportions, the amounts and the possible consequences of their lack in food. I focus on essential fatty acids, which in recent years are subject to frequent explorations and their pros and cons are not yet fully understood. I also mention ballast and significant specific active substances. Nutrition of pregnant and lactating females is often neglected, but for puppies it is a very crucial period. The influence of nutrition of pregnant females to the size and weight of newborn puppies has been proved. Further I deal with nutrition of puppies immediately after birth, I explain the composition of colostrum and its effect on the immunity system of the puppy. I also compare ratios of nutrients in the colostrum and milk. Further, I deal with the feeding of the individual at the time of weaning and in different growth periods. There are many possibilities of feeding puppies from after weaning until adulthood described in books. With the new knowledge about nutrition the ways of feeding our dogs have inevitably changed , but also the dogs' nutritional requirements have changed due to the conditions where and how they live and what their nutrient needs are according to their sport, breeding or other use. Currently, there is a possibility of a commercially produced complete nutritional diet or home-prepared fresh food - cooked or raw- barf. In the last chapter, I summarized possible aspects of malnutrition and its potential consequences. I described the most common problems associated with inadequate nutrition of growing dogs such as obesity as well as malnutrition, which also adversely affects the individual. The influence of proper nutrition of the puppy on its growth is clear. If we neglect the nutrition of the dog in the first two years of its life, the consequences are often irreversible.
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Comparison of the nutritional value and digestibility of classical oat and black oat
Gergelová, Anna ; Plachý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Dušan, Dušan (referee)
A review of literature thesis includes articles and publications dedicated to the topic of the digestive tract, the issue of measuring the digestibility of horse nutriens, characteristics and nutritional values of the yellow oat (Avena sativa), black oat (Avena strigosa) and hay.
The practical part is devoted to comparing the nutritional values and digestibility of yellow and black oats in the ration using yellow or black with oat hay
The experiment was conducted on six horses borrowed from the Academic riding club in Prague - Suchdol in February 2016. The preparatory period was 5 days, and sampling of faeces took place fifth morning after the morning feeding. Three pairs were created out of the six horses. The first pair formed gelding breed, Czech warmblood, who were housed in the inner box stable. The second pair formed a Haflinger gelding breed housed in an outdoor box. The third pair formed a Hucul gelding breed and welsh cob, housed in an outdoor box. One of the horses from an experimental pair was fed oat hulls and other horse was fed black varieties oats Raven. Rations was the same for both of the horses and both experimental animals also received the same amount of roughage.
Digestibility coefficient was found at the base of the marker method using indicator lignin. The chemical analysis of determination of dry matter and ash, crude fiber (CF), neutral - detergent fiber (NDF), acid - detergent fiber ADF and acid - detergent lignin (ADL), crude fat and calculated using nitrogen-free substances process colors (BNLV) and organic matter (OH) were performed.
Among the experimental pairs there was no statistically significant difference. Therefore, the hypothesis about differences in nutritional and dietetic value of oat and black oat was rejected.
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Influence of extrusion of oat on the nutritional value and palatability in adult warm-blood horses
Slováková, Jana ; Plachý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Dušan, Dušan (referee)
Oat is still the most used grain in horse nutrition, but the options of processing are extended. Extruded oat shows an alternative to feeding whole or flaked oats. Its advantage is better utilization, so it is possible to feed smaller amount of feed.
Literary part of this writing contains general information about oats, horse nutrition and extrusion. In the oat part we focus on composition and utilization. Chapter horse nutrition is aimed on parts of digestive system, which is related to intake of feed. Chapter extrusion is mostly about the oportunity to use grain, extra attention is laid on trasformation of starch during extrusion. The last part is dedicated to suitability of oat as horse feed and on features of extruded oat and its utilization in horse nutrition.
During experiment was made measurement of time needed to intake 500 g od whole or extruded oat in 5 mature warm-blood horses in JK Počin Dolní Počenice. Each form of feed was measured for 7 days.
Time of intake of this amount od whole oat was 3 minutes and 18 seconds +- 8,9 seconds. Extuded oat was eaten with difficulty, that is why we begun to feed wetted extuded oat. This way of treatment was eaten by 4 of 5 horses. Time of intake was on average 2 minutes 54 seconds +- 6,73. Whole oat was chewed more, in extruded oats horses sometimes even gobbled.
The wetted extruded oat horses was intook faster than whole oat. Hypotesis was rejected, because horses wetted extruded oats ate faster than whole oats. In dry extruded feed is time of intake enlonged according to literature. Extruded oat is feed suitable for working horses, older horses, horses with teeth problems, in time of teeth exchange, coughing horses and horses difficult to feed. Advantage is longer shelf life of feed.
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Measurement of L-carnitine effect by ergospirometrie
Paimová, Barbora ; Plachý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Measurement of effect of L-carnitine by ergospirometry Summary The intention is to determine the effect of L-carnitine on fatty acid metabolism. Values like volume of utilized oxygen, performance and respiratory quotient were chosen for evaluation. The study is a randomized and placebo-controlled. The testing was performed on a treadmill with gas sensing device Cortex Metalyzer 3B and sporttester Polar RS 400. The measurement was adjusted compared to the pre-set test program. The reason was detecting a change in fatty acid metabolism, which takes place under aerobic conditions and starts later. Participants were recreational and performance athletes. Paired t-test and percentage change were used for evaluation. There was no change in the volume of utilized oxygen, performance and respiratory quotient. This study does not match with the majority of similar trials, which indicate the reduction of the respiratory quotient, reduced lactate levels, markers of increased oxidation of fatty acids and the other markers of aerobic metabolism.
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Sweet sorghum as a feed component in the complete feed mixtures for fattened rabbits
Lajerová, Martina ; Plachý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jaromír, Jaromír (referee)
The literary part of the thesis deals with the nutrition of rabbits, their digestive system, nutrients, caecotrophy, nutritional requirements and an overview of suitable feed. The second part of the review describes sorghum, its characteristics, nutritional substances and its use as a feed component in the complete feed mixtures.
The experimental part includes evaluating the appropriateness dried plant sorghum as a feed component with low starch for rabbits. The aim of the study was to determine the nutritional value of sorghum as a feed component in the diet of broiler rabbits.
Dried and milled green mass sorghum was included in two levels (10% and 18%) in the experimental compound feed for fattened Hyla rabbits.
Complete feed mixtures have been compiled, based on the nutritional requirements of rabbits in fattening period. It was administered to 27 animals (9 per group), they were weighed and monitored during the experiment. During the experiment were monitored parameters fattening (growth, feed conversion). Based on analyzes of feed and feces was determined by total digestible nutrients selected. Balance digestibility was calculated as the difference between the nutrient content of the feed and the solid feces, expressed by digestibility coefficient (%).
The best values in the balance sheet amounted digestibility control mixture K. However, the animals thrived and grew well even when fed experimental mixtures C+10 and C+18 represented by dried green mass sorghum. On the basis of the nutritional balance examination it was not possible to disprove the hypothesis that sweet sorghum is appropriate component into complete feed mixtures for fattened rabbits.
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Beekeping in Czech Republic
Kopecký, Jan ; Voříšek, Karel (advisor) ; Plachý, Vladimír (referee)
The purpose of my bachelor thesis is to compile the literature available to give an integrated summary of beekeeping in the Czech Republic and to describe the most serious illnesses of the bees. Such as bee the literature available American foulbrood end varroasis including brief processes how they can be healed or how to avoid them.
The importance of honeybee and its irreplaceable role in the ecosystem of our planet is described in the introduction of this thesis. It is mentioned that honeybee is often perceived only like a food source.
In the main part, the Czech beekeeping is divided according to the historical dating into a forest, collecting and rational beekeeping as well as into special type of beekeeping colled ,,brtnické''. Then there is a treatise on the formation and the importance of organizations associating Czech beekeepers through years. An additional part of the first half of the thesis is a summary of recently used hives, tools and also ways of unnatural bee´s feeding.
The second half of the main part is pursued to serious illnesses in the Czech Republic. This chapter is divided according to originators of illnesses on illnesses made by physical influences or unsuitable food, bacterial illnesses, fungous, viral and invasive illnesses. American foulbrood and illnesses caused by the mite Varroa destructor has the biggest importance because these illnesses make the biggest losses in the Czech Republic. Every illness has own characteristics, originator, clinical diagnostics and therapeutic possibilities.
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Optimisation of geodetic tasks during and after finishing of land consolidation project.
PLACHÝ, Vladimír
This thesis has a task to sumarize contemporary procedures of land consolidation project in czech republic, with a view to geodetic activities. It is concerned with particular geodetic tasks step by step and comment upon problems, which usually appears while processing them. There are other possible geodetic outputs utilization expanded too. For overview are there the other phasis of land consolidation project summarized. Harmonogram of activities during land comsolidation project then shows, how the particular phasis concurs.
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