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Immunomodulatory effect of tumor targeted polymer drugs
Mervartová, Ivana ; Šírová, Milada (advisor) ; Palich Fučíková, Jitka (referee)
5 Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a very heterogeneous population of immature, activated myeloid progenitors of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells that have not differentiated into mature forms. A common feature of these cells is the ability to suppress immune responses of T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells. It is known that MDSC accumulate under various pathological conditions, such as chronic inflammation or cancer. In breast cancer patients, the highest MDSC counts correlate with the occurrence of metastatic foci in lung tissue. The suppressive effects of MDSCs are associated with resistance to chemotherapy, reduced effectiveness of immunotherapy and overall poor prognosis of the disease. Therefore, many studies focus on MDSC. One possibility is the differentiation of MDSC into mature populations that lose their suppressive phenotype. In this work, we focused on modulation of MDSC activity by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), bound to a polymer conjugate based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA). ATRA is used in clinical practice for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, where the mechanism of action is the differentiation of pathological cells into more mature forms and thus the cessation of their proliferation. The binding of ATRA to the...
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Complete differential diagnostics of monoklonal gammopathy
MERVARTOVÁ, Ivana
The aim of the thesisis a quantitative detection of the monoclonal paraprotein in patients serum, eventually a qualitative detection in urine in group of hematological pacients examined at the Department of clinical biochemistry in Hospital Písek a.s. with electrophoretic analytical method (ELFO) and its subsequent specification by immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). The quantification of free light chains (VLR), kappa and lambda, from the serum is made on some patients for more complex information, and it is made by immunoanalytic method. Futhermore immunoglobulins as well as values of albumin and values of total protein are quantitatively established in the serum, and these values can contribute to more precise diagnosis in case of finding of monoclonal components. From the stated hypothesis I conclude, that the patients with pathological values VLR and their ratios, which lead to diagnosis of the monoclonal gammopathy, will also have positive finding of monoclonal immunoglobulin on ELFO. The finding will be afterwards specified by IFE method and so the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy will be confirmed.
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