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Temoporfin-conjugated upconversion nanoparticles for NIR-induced photodynamic therapy of pancreatic cancer
Shapoval, Oleksandr ; Větvička, D. ; Kabešová, M. ; Engstová, Hana ; Horák, Daniel
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a clinically approved cancer treatment strategy, has the potential to cure pancreatic cancer with minimal side effects. PDT primarily uses visible wavelengths to directly activate hydrophobic photosensitizers, which may be insufficient for deep-seated cancer cells in clinical practice due to poor penetration. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) serve as an indirect excitation source to activate photosensitizers (PSs) in the NIR region, overcoming the limitations of molecular PSs such as hydrophobicity, non-specificity, and excitation in the UV/Vis region. Here, monodisperse upconversion NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+, Fe2+ nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been surface-engineered with poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) and temoporfin (mTHPC), a clinically used PDT prodrug, for near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered PDT of pancreatic cancer. The incorporation of Fe2+ ions into the particles increased the fluorescence intensity in the red region matching the activation wavelength of mTHPC. Covalent binding of mTHPC to the surface of UCNP@PMVEMA particles provided colloidally stable conjugates enabling generation of singlet oxygen. In vitro cytotoxicity and photodynamic activity of the particles were evaluated using INS-1E rat insulinoma and Capan-2 and PANC-01 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. The PDT efficacy of UCNP@PMVEMA-mTHPC conjugates after irradiation with 980 nm NIR light was tested in vivo in a pilot study on Capan-2 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma growing subcutaneously in athymic nude mice. The intratumoral administration of the nanoconjugates significantly hindered tumor growth and demonstrated promising PDT efficacy against human pancreatic cancer.
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Magnetic nanoparticles with antibacterial properties: Synthesis, characterization and biological applications
Shatan, Anastasiia-Bohdana ; Horák, Daniel (advisor) ; Kaman, Ondřej (referee) ; Matějíček, Pavel (referee)
In response to the escalating global threat of antibiotic resistance, innovative strategies are imperative. This thesis focuses on surface-engineered magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with potent antibacterial properties, aiming to combat antibiotic resistance effectively. Specifically, uniform 16-nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via oleic acid-stabilized thermal decomposition of Fe(III) oleate in a high-boiling organic solvent. Optionally, 8-nm γ-Fe2O3 particles were obtained by coprecipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ salts in a basic medium. For the application of antibacterial MNPs in biological media, water-dispersible nanoparticles were required. Hence, original magnetic particles containing hydrophobic oleic acid (OA) coating were modified with silica using a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion. Subsequent modification with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane and decoration with silver nanoclusters yielded Fe3O4@SiO2-Ag nanoparticles. Additionally, neat Fe3O4 particles were coated with Sipomer PAM-200 containing both phosphate and methacrylic groups, facilitating attachment to the iron oxide and enabling (co)polymerization with 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and/or 2- tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate. Furthermore, γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were rendered antimicrobial through modification with...
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High order numerical method in modelling and control systems
Veigend, Petr ; Horák, David (referee) ; Schirrer, Alexander (referee) ; Šátek, Václav (advisor)
Systémy pro řízení a regulaci jsou používány téměř ve všech průmyslových oblastech. Pro jejich modelování se často používají diferenciální rovnice, které popisují dynamické chování těchto systémů a umožňují je detailněji analyzovat z hlediska přesnosti, stability, výkonu a reakcí těchto systémů v reálném čase. V této oblasti se běžně nepoužívají metody vyšších řádů, protože vykonávají velké množství operací. Tato práce zkoumá numerické řešení obyčejných diferenciálních rovnic s použitím metody s proměnným řádem a proměnnou velikostí kroku, která je založena na Taylorově řadě. Metoda je navržena jak pro lineární, tak pro nelineární problémy a jsou implementovány její optimalizace pro snížení výpočetního času bez degradace jejích vlastností. Pozitivní vlastnosti metody jsou demonstrovány na sadě příkladů z technické praxe. Výsledky práce ukazují, že metoda založena na Taylorově řadě může být použita v oblasti řízení a regulace a má lepší vlastnosti než běžně používané metody.
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Apartment Building - Design of Selected Reinforced Concrete Elements
Jakoubek, Lukáš ; Horák, David (referee) ; Švaříčková, Ivana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the continuous static solutions of monolithic reinforced concrete ceiling construction and the three-flight staircase in the five-storied apartment house. The entire structure is designed from concrete. To determine the effects of internal forces used computational design of Scia Engineer 2013.1. Assessment of the elements is performed by the first limit state. Work includes developing a static calculation, design reinforcement drawings, shapes and reinforcement drawings solved elements.
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Automated system for installing and configuring GNU/Linux virtual hosts
Horák, Daniel ; Polívka, Michal (referee) ; Pelka, Tomáš (advisor)
This work deals with possibilities of administration of virtual machines (mainly from the developer's point of view) and available methods for automatic installation of GNU/Linux distributions. First part contains the information about virtualisation technologies and possibilities to configure them with a libvirt library. The definition and specification of each part of virtualisation environment (virtual machines, disks, networks) using XML is described. Further more the possibilities of automatic installation of Linux distributions based on RedHat and Debian considering the virtualisation environment are discussed. The possibility of copying an existing disk with installed system is also mentioned. In a practical part a server application for control and management of virtual machines including automatic installation of operating system is proposed and realised.
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Design of the selected parts of the concrete object
Hrvolová, Markéta ; Horák, David (referee) ; Švaříčková, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor´s thesis is the static solution of the selected parts of the reinforced concrete object with drawing documentation included. Project describes the design and assessment of the monolitic slab structure and stairway slab by the first and second limit state. As the part of the thesis is the attachment describing the process of modeling the truss structure. For calculation of the internal forces was used software Scia Engineer.
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The use of magnetic microparticles for DNA isolation
Jelínek, Zdeněk ; Horák, Daniel (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
The effectiveness of magnetic microparticles in isolation of DNA from Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825T and DNA from chicken erythrocytes were studied in diploma thesis. Magnetic HEMA based microparticles coated by carboxylic groups and hyperbranched styrene-divinylbenzene particles (IMC AS ČR, Prague, Czech Republic) were used for DNA isolation. Magnetic microparticles Dynabeads® DNA DIRECT™ Universal (Dynal, Norway) based on polystyrene and MPG® Uncoated (PureBiotech, USA) based on magnetic glass were used as a control. The dependence of amount of eluted DNA on concentration of DNA in the base solution and the dependence of amount of eluted DNA on concentration of magnetic microparticles were studied. The affinity of magnetic microparticles to RNA for various concentrations of RNA solution was studied, too. The ability of tested particles to isolate DNA from real samples was validated using milk product Actimel. The quality of isolated DNA of Lactobacillus genus was proved using genus specific PCR.
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Planar antenna arrays for RFID applications
Pochobradský, Jakub ; Horák, David (referee) ; Lukeš, Zbyněk (advisor)
This thesis describes the basic principles of radio frequency identification, basic characteristics of patch antennas, the possibility of their feeding and design of planar antenna series. Are discussed, impedance matching options. The selected antenna arrays were realised, measuring their parameters was down and measured parameters was compared with simulation results.
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Design of the Timber-Concrete Composite Ceiling Structure
Válek, Jakub ; Horák, David (referee) ; Švaříčková, Ivana (advisor)
The reconstruction of existing houses is currently a frequent issue. This work deals with the possibilities of reinforcing wooden ceilings with the focus on ceiling reinforcement using an over concrete slab. This suggested ceiling reconstruction work is desirable from the point of view of the rigidity of the object in the horizontal direction. The work includes the proposition for the composite, according to various norms and their comparison regarding the economic side of the design. The work further provides a description of the experiment, its preliminary results and its comparison with the theoretical calculation.
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OpenSource SW for data traffic inspection
Horák, Daniel ; Stančík, Peter (referee) ; Hajný, Jan (advisor)
This work deals with a usage of free and open software for filtering of network traffic and its installation in network gateway in small and middle-sized networks. Main focus is on filtering the http protocol on the level of a application layer. At the start a problems of free and open software is analyzed along with its advantages that result from its usage.There are as well given reasons for choosing the Debian GNU/Linux distribution. Further there are discussed possibilities of filtering network traffic on packets level and status filter along with the soft- ware iptables. Main part focuses on a filtering of http traffic on the application layer level using program Squid and DansGuardian. In a practical part the installation and configuration of operating system Debian GNU/Linux is presented including base services (ssh, DNS and DHCP server). Further more there are installations and configurations of softwares Squid and DansGuardian demonstrated. For DansGuardian there is a web configuration interface created.
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