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Ethical dilemmas of social workers in elderly residential services
BUREŠOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis focuses on the issue of ethical dilemmas faced by social worker when working with seniors in residential social services, specifically in retirement homes. The thesis discusses aging, social work with seniors, and the social worker, addressing the dispute associated with the helping profession. Another part of the thesis deals with ethical dilemmas and specific problematic situations encountered by social workers during their practice in retirement homes. The problematic situations are described in the form of case studies. The pivotal chapter of the thesis explores ethics in social work, its significance, values, and the application of ethical theories in social work. At the end of the chapter, an ethical reflection on a selected ethical dilemma is conducted using Kantian ethics. The principles of Kantian ethics can be helpful in the practice of a social worker when making decisions in challenging situations.
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The life situation of an individual in insolvency proceedings
BUREŠOVÁ, Andrea
This bachelor´s thesis is focused on the topic: Life situation of an indebted or over-indebted individual. This final work contains an explanation of the concept of life situation and social functioning followed by a description of difficult life situations. In the introductory chapter there is an overview of debt problems which describes basic concepts such as indebtedness and over-indebtedness, causes of indebtedness, person of the debtor and loan market. Following chapters describe consequences of debts or over-indebtedness and how to help these particular person. Part of this bachelor´s thesis contains also qualitative research was led in a counselling service agency - providing social professional counselling with focus on debt counselling. Based on the detailed analysis and interview with a counsellor, my research has identified effect for such debts or over-indebtedness´s and subsequent solution of bankruptcy in the life situation of an individual. According to the result it can be briefly concluded that indebtedness and over-indebtedness have an adverse impact on the living situation of an individual from economic, social, psychological and health point od view. On the opposite site bankruptcy solution helps to improve life situation of an individual because debt relief brings various benefits.
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Plant responses to combined arsenic and cadmium stress
Burešová, Andrea ; Mašková, Petra (advisor) ; Podlipná, Radka (referee)
Arsenic and cadmium are both non-essential, highly toxic and carcinogenic elements that often occur together in the environment. Given the frequent co-contamination of the environment, it is necessary to investigate both plant strategies for dealing with one metal(loid) and the mechanisms that lead to tolerance or, conversely, sensitivity in the presence of both elements. Simultaneous exposure to multiple toxic elements may lead to extensive plant damage, however it may also result in the increasing engagement and intensity of defence strategies. Contamination of the food chain through crops growing on contaminated soils is a major concern, one that poses a risk to both human and animal lives. The aim of this research field is to reduce accumulation and translocation to aboveground edible parts as much as possible, for example by understanding the mechanisms behind heavy metal accumulation and translocation, or by stabilising toxic elements in the soil, or by cleaning up contaminated soil. One method of clean-up is phytoremediation, which usually utilizes plants with high tolerance to toxic elements, called hyperaccumulators. The knowledge of how defence strategies and mechanisms are affected by the interaction of multiple elements is important for identifying plant species capable of activating...
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Bioturbation and its role in soil formation
Burešová, Andrea ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Tajovský, Karel (referee)
Bioturbation in degradated soils can improve colonization of habitat by plants and fauna, which positively influence soil properties and improve the soil regeneration. Bad conditions dominate in habitats where bioturbation activity inhibiting this colonization, and soil degradation can be increased and affect the soil erosion. The absence of soil bioturbators is noticeable from soil micromorfology. To compare with stands, where soil bioturbators are present, here we will not find any biostructures and mixing of soil profile is minimal. The result is, alter alia, low amount of soil organic matter leading to higher competition for nutrients among units. In this thesis the main factor influencing present of soil ecosystem engineers, in this case earthworms,is clima. Comparimg soil micromorfology of four habitats placed on climatic gradient from east to west of USA can be inferred, which role play soil bioturbators in first five centimetres of soil. Was determine how soil structure is affected by their activity during three successional phases and which factors influence thein presence or absence. In conclusion, differences between climatic conditions lead to different succession of ecosystem,mainly composition of different species in the community. It leads to variable soil structure characteristic...
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Composition and activity of microbial community during decomposition of plant litter on two contrasting localities
Burešová, Andrea ; Marečková, Markéta (advisor) ; Tejnecký, Václav (referee)
Decomposition of organic matter in soil is influenced by abiotic and biotic factors and their role is different depending on site, organic substrate and its decomposition phase. Soil microbial community influences soil organic decomposition process in a different way, which is manifested, for example, by changes of microbial abundance and production of extracellular enzymes. The thesis aimed in determining relationship of two main soil microbial decomposers groups - fungi and actinobacteria in decomposition processes in situ. The impact of selected factors on decomposition processes were determined by experiment with litterbags, which were filled with litter of plant with different properties. Astragalus exscapus from the Fabaceae family contains high amounts of nitrogen in the tissues, Fagus sylvatica contains high amounts of carbon and lignin and Carex humilis has less carbon in the tissues than Fagus sylvatica falling in tissue element composition between Astragalus exscapus and Fagus sylvatica. Litterbags with three plant species were put under a litter layer at both contrasting sites. Litterbags and samples of soil were collected every two months during the years 2011-2012. Each litterbag was weighted, DNA was isolated from litter and soil samples and analyses of quantitative real time PCR...
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Bioturbation and its role in soil formation
Burešová, Andrea ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Tajovský, Karel (referee)
Bioturbation in degradated soils can improve colonization of habitat by plants and fauna, which positively influence soil properties and improve the soil regeneration. Bad conditions dominate in habitats where bioturbation activity inhibiting this colonization, and soil degradation can be increased and affect the soil erosion. The absence of soil bioturbators is noticeable from soil micromorfology. To compare with stands, where soil bioturbators are present, here we will not find any biostructures and mixing of soil profile is minimal. The result is, alter alia, low amount of soil organic matter leading to higher competition for nutrients among units. In this thesis the main factor influencing present of soil ecosystem engineers, in this case earthworms,is clima. Comparimg soil micromorfology of four habitats placed on climatic gradient from east to west of USA can be inferred, which role play soil bioturbators in first five centimetres of soil. Was determine how soil structure is affected by their activity during three successional phases and which factors influence thein presence or absence. In conclusion, differences between climatic conditions lead to different succession of ecosystem,mainly composition of different species in the community. It leads to variable soil structure characteristic...
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