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Assistance to Victims of Crime
Pacáková, Barbora ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The thesis focuses on the assistance to crime victims, mostly in terms of Czech legislation, its compliance with the European legislation and its application in real life, it does, however, provide historical and theoretical explanation about crime victims. The thesis reflects the legislation, that is in effect at the time. The main aim of the thesis is to offer a comprehensive view on the issue of assistance to victims, to analyse and evaluate the legislation of victims' rights, especially under the Victims of Crime Act, and to assess the benefits of its first major amendment. The last goal of the thesis is to evaluate the current quality of assistance provided to crime victims. The thesis consists of five parts, in addition it also contains an introduction and a conclusion. The first part offers historical and international insight into the assistance of crime victims and details how this field has evolved over the last hundred years. It also places the issue into historical context while analysing international requirements laid down by the Council of Europe, the European Union and the United Nations. Part 2 explains legal terms "victim" and "injured party", providing a comparison of these two terms with a view toward their use in subsequent chapters of this thesis. Part 3 contains theoretical...
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Domestic Violence and its Prevention
Koulová, Iva ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Presented thesis is focused on the domestic violence and its prevention, a substantial part of the thesis is aimed at legal framework for protection against domestic violence. The thesis is divided into six chapters, in the first one the definition of domestic violence and its different forms are presented. Domestic violence can be divided into intimate-partner violence between former or existing spouses or partners, violence between parents and children and elder abuse. Protection against domestic violence is provided by substantive and procedural provisions of administrative, civil and criminal law. The second chapter is dedicated to means of protection regulated by administrative law, when the misdemeanour legislation and protection in the Police Act is mentioned. Special provisions against domestic violence are included in the Czech Civil Code. The following three chapters are dedicated to the criminal aspects of domestic violence. Description of the different types of criminal offences related to the domestic violence is covered in the third chapter. Protection of victims of domestic violence during the criminal proceedings is outlined in chapter four of this thesis. The rights of the injured party are pointed out, especially in connection to the pre-trial stage of proceedings, collateral...
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Protective treatment and security detention
Fojtlová, Klára ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is represented by two protective measures - protective therapy and security detention. The aim of this thesis lies in familiarization with their most important aspects in order to get a better picture of their character and possibilities of imposing them. Due to space limitation, the thesis focuses on legal regulations of imposing protective therapy and security detention on adult perpetrators. Only significant differences in legal regulations concerning children under 15 and juveniles are discussed. The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with a dualistic system of penal sanctions in general as well as a classification of protective therapy and security detention. This chapter also specifies differences between punishments and protective measures, purpose of these penal sanctions and principles of their use with a particular emphasis on protective measures. In order to understand the conditions for imposing protective therapy and security detention, the most important terms are discussed in the second chapter. A significant part of this diploma thesis is included in the third and fourth chapter which cover the analysis of protective therapy and security detention itself. Each of these chapters describes the aforementioned...
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Crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances
Koula, Ivo ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Název práce, abstrakt a klíčová slova v anglickém jazyce Title Criminal offences related to substance abuse. Abstract The main purpose of this work is to acquaint the reader with the Czech legal regulation of the so-called drug criminal offenses defined in the provisions of Sections 283 to 287 of the Criminal Code in the view of substantive law. This work will provide a general description of individual relevant crimes, their interpretation, as well as analysis of some terms that are associated with these crimes and which are still under discussion. Overall, the work is divided into six parts. The first part is devoted to the explanation of several basic terms, which are used in the work and whose understanding is necessary to understand the rest of the text, as well as the purpose of some legal provisions, which are further addressed. The second part deals with the issue of addictive or narcotic and psychotropic substances as such. This part provides several possible variations of the classification of these substances into groups and subgroups according to various aspects. Finally, the individual groups of addictive substances are mapped with regard to their characteristic psychoactive effects, toxicity or ability to induce psychological or physical dependence on an individual. For each of the groups of...
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Indirect perpetration
Repáňová, Patrícia ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Indirect perpetration Abstract The topic of this diploma thesis is the analysis of an institute of indirect perpetration, which is one of many possible ways of committing a crime. Its essence lies in using other person who cannot be liable for his/her actions, also called an innocent agent or instrumentality. Such a person is controlled by an indirect perpetrator in the backround who must have double intentions towards committing a crime and also an abuse of a person who for some reason will not be held criminally liable. The reasons for staying out of criminal liability are enumeratively listed in the Criminal Code and include the lack of age, insanity, mistake, emergency, necessity and other defenses, as well as the fact that the person acted with no culpability or at all. It also deals with a matter when the innocent agent acts with no mental state (or motive) sufficient for commision of the offense which is required for particular criminal act and in those cases his liability can be measured at least as negligence and does not exclude his liability for another offense. This institute sought its way into the Criminal Code for quite a long time, until the enaction in 2009. The new Criminal Code was considered a groundbreaking legal regulation. By that time, the institute of indirect perpetration was only...
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Traffic crime and its prevention
Filip, Jakub ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
NÁZEV DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE, ABSTRAKT A KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Název diplomové práce v českém jazyce: Traffic crime and its prevention Abstrakt: The topic of this thesis is traffic crime and its prevention. It is an area of criminology, which recently has been becoming more and more important, due to constant increase of traffic in general. Nearly every human participates in traffic every day, therefore we all are becoming potential victims or perpetrators of traffic crimes. This topic is too wide for one thesis and it is impossible cover the whole subject in total. So the aim of this thesis is first to give a comprehensive presentation of basic knowledge about traffic criminality, and than focus on more narrowly defined subject, for which I chose criminality with participation of cyclists. I decided for this specialization, because cycling is deep in my heart and I am an active road and track racer. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the most basic issues like: definition of the term traffic, types and division of traffic, definition of the term traffic criminality, features of traffic criminality as branch of criminology and determination of traffic crimes. The second chapter is about traffic crime statistics. It is discussed what is the proportion of traffic...
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The Unfit Preparation and Attempt of Criminal Offence
Salzmannová, Lucie ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
The Unfit Preparation and Attempt of Criminal Offence Abstract The topic of the unfit preparation and attempt of criminal offence is one of the most disputable domains of criminal law. The conflict concerns mainly punishability of an act, which cannot really result in committing a crime, and punishment of perpetrator. In the study of criminal law, two basic approaches have developed. Other theories are derived from them. The first od basic approaches is the subjective theory, which emphasizes a malice of the perpetrator. In its radical form, it omits completely an act in the world. The second approach is represented by the objective theory, which constitutes the opposite of the subjective theory. This theory emphasizes mainly dangerousness of the perpetrator's act for society. The preference of theories has been changing, that is also represented by the difference of laws. The unfit attempt can be divided in three basic groups according to what is unfit: attempt on unfit object, attempt with unfit tools, attempt by unfit subject. The thesis is divided into several parts. In the first part, the unfit preparation and the unfit attempt are introduced as evolutional stadiums of a criminal act mainly from the point of view of current law. Than unfit forms and detailed explanation of both theory follow. Also such...
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The crime of disorderly conduct regulation
Ježek, Tomáš ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This thesis deals with a Czech legal regulation of the crime of disorderly conduct, defined in section 358 of the Criminal Code in a very abstract way as a gross indecency or disorderly conduct committed publically or in a publically accessible place. The main aim of the thesis is to offer a general characteristic of the crime, to specify its appropriate interpretation, to propose potential alterations of the current legislation and finally to describe a problem of spectator violence as a specific type of disorderly conduct. The thesis consists of six parts, the first of which analyses elements of the crime with a focus on elements laid down by indefinite concepts of law. Problems of the current legislation and proposals of its potential changes are also mentioned in a final chapter of this part. The second part deals with admissibility of concurrence of disorderly conduct with other crimes and special attention is paid to impossibility of such concurrence on the grounds of consumption of crimes. The next part is concentrated on administrative delicts committed in cases of less serious disorderly conducts, i.e. administrative delicts against public order and against civil coexistence. This part also provides main indicators determining a decision if particular illegal behaviour...
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Culpability in Criminal Law
Schmalzová, Kateřina ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Culpability in Criminal Law The diploma thesis deals with the topic of culpability in criminal law, which is an obligatory attribute of the subjective aspect of the criminal offence. It characterizes the offender's psyche in relation to the criminal offence. In Czech criminal law, the principle of liability for fault (nullum crimen sine culpa), according to which there is no crime without fault, applies. The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is focused on the general introduction; in which the crime and its merits are discussed. The largest part is left to the interpretation of the subjective aspect of the criminal offence and its obligatory and facultative characteristics. The chapter concludes with a treatise on the concept of guilt in criminal law. The second chapter deals with the historical development of the institute of culpability in the criminal codes, which used to be applicable in our territory, from the period defined by the applicability of the Act on Crimes, Offenses and Misdemeanours to the Criminal Code of 1961, which was replaced in 2010 by the current Criminal Code. The third chapter deals with the current regulation of culpability in criminal law, the most part is left to the general characteristics of the regulation of culpability in the applicable...
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Participation
Klabanová, Andrea ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis provides to the reader an analysis of one of the most complex institutes of substantive criminal law - participation. Its aim is to focus mainly on the current legislation of participation, but also to criticize it and to propose the changes in legislation. Apart from the introduction and conclusion, the thesis consists of a total of six parts. The first part of the thesis is devoted to defining the concept participation together with concepts associated with participation. First of all, the concept criminal cooperation is defined, in which the division of participation we can find, and then the division of participation itself is discussed. The second part analyzes individual conditions and principles of participation, on which this institute is built. Accessority of participation, which is crucial for this institute, is discussed in more detail. The third part deals with individual forms of participation. Firstly the conditions of criminal liability are analyzed from the most serious form to the least serious one. For each individual form there are then discussed the specifics of the form associated. The chapter related to organizing distinguishes this from an organized group and an organized criminal group. At abetting there is the institute of agent provocateur and hiring...
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