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Reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG 5 in Opatovice Power Plant
Rak, Vítek ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis discusses the reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG5 of the Elektrárny Opatovice and introduces options of technical solutions for power central of combined heat and electricity production. First section describes the differences between back-pressure and condensing turbines. Next section briefly introduces the company Elektrárny Opatovice a.s. with the description of the current back-pressure turbine TG5, which is near end of it life cycle and is to be reconstructed in following years. Based on the technical-economic analysis of the operation of the current TG5, possible benefits of new technical solutions are proposed.
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Steam turbines
Klíma, Petr ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe development of steam turbine basic parts of steam turbine and its types. In theoretical part there are described history of steam turbines in the world and Czech republic. Next one is principle of steam turbine, description of parts in steam turbine and different connection of steam turbine. In practical part there are calculations of ideal Clausius-Rankine cycle of specific steam turbine.
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Steam Turbine for Biomass Power Plant
Doseděl, Jakub ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of a condensing steam turbine based on technical specification of inlet steam - maximal mass flow 120 t/h, temperature 440 °C; on temperature in deaerator 125 °C; on mass flow 0 – 60 t/h and pressure 3,0 bar(a) of regulated steam extraction and on ambient temperature in the vicinity 25 °C. The result contains steam turbine with reaction blading, work output 28,76 MWe and efficiency 82 %.
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Heat-Hydraulic Design of the Exchanger for the Test Device
Únar, Jan ; Toman, Filip (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the design of tube exchanger for testing device. The exchanger will serve to heat or cool the flowing air to the desired value. The heating / cooling medium flowing in the tubular space is water. The first part describes the functions, distribution, requirements and current trends of heat exchangers. The second part consists of thermal and hydraulic calculations for the variant of bare tubes and finned tubes and evaluation of results. The result of this work is a design of a tube exchanger, which has the shape of a square type channel for both variants.
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Steam Turbine design, Optimization steam reheat pressure
Štaffa, Petr ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The Diploma’s thesis deals with calculation of tree heat schemas with condensing steam turbine with uncontrolled steam extractions for regeneration – tree low pressure heaters, two high pressure heaters and a deaerator. Heat schemas are compared to each other according to reheat pressure. The most efficient schema is used to steam turbine thermodynamic design – design of control stage and blade stages. At the end of diploma thesis a stress analysis of the last rotor blade is made.
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Steam turbine vacuum breaker
Kalivodová, Markéta ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
In this master’s thesis, a preliminary thermodynamic calculation of the turbine is made. Then, the design and location of the vacuum breaker is devised for this turbine. The aim of the master’s thesis is to calculate a time needed to break the vacuum, ie to determine how long it takes to reach the atmospheric pressure inside the turbine and add-on devices. To verify and improve the accuracy of the calculation there are data measured on real projects used.
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Combustion of a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas in the combustion chambers of boilers and gas turbines
Honzíček, Štěpán ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
Master‘s thesis specifically deals with very current topic of blending (low-emission) hydrogen and natural gas. A key view focus on combustion of a mixture hydrogen and natural gas. Preliminary part describes combustion of fuel gases in general and is followed by a technical search on construction of combustion chambers of boilers and gas turbines. It’s added information about current development and utilization of hydrogen. New projects of hydrogen combustion technologies are also introduced. Practical part shows a calculation of a gas mixture combustion balance in real conditions. It‘s extended by proposal and construction of a blending technology of hydrogen and natural gas with subsequent combustion in an uncooled combustion chamber. Concluding part includes a program for operating states calculating when the variables of introduced technology are changing.
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Condensing Steam Turbine C55
Božek, Michal ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The main aim of this diploma thesis is design and calculation of steam condensing turbine with given parameters. In the first part is made calculation of heat balance scheme, which contains high and low pressure regeneration and turbine with total of 5 unregulated steam extraction. It is followed by calculation of regulating stage with impulse blading and calculation of stage part of turbine with reaction blades with total of 27 stages divided to 7 cones. Designes of regulating stage and stage part were checked by calculation of tensile and bending stress. In next parts are calculations of compensating piston and turbine seal system, design of radial and thrust bearings and in the last chapter is shown consumption characteristics of turbine. The designed turbine after optimization at nominal condition has power of 55013,02 kW with thermodynamic efficiency of 83,06 %. The reheat factor of turbine is 1,063. The diploma thesis is supplemented by a conceptual sectional drawing of turbine.
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Condensing Steam Turbine C55
Borýsek, Václav ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the design of a steam condensing turbine for intake steam of pressure 125 bar, temperature 540 °C and maximal intake of steam into the turbine 130 t/h. A thermal scheme is designed, including low-pressure and high-pressure regeneration, an air condenser, a feed tank and a boiler. Afterwards a thermodynamic design of a condensing turbine is made with an A-wheel type regulating stage and a stage part with reaction blades. The design of the blades is strength-tested. Then is made the design of the compensating piston and the sealing system. In the end the characteristics of the turbine for non-design steam flows is plotted. The designed turbine has a power of 34644 kW, has a thermodynamic efficiency of 85.1% and a reheat factor of 1.046.
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New Trends in the Heat Industry
Menšíková, Barbora ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the current state of the heating industry in the Czech Republic describing the centralized and decentralized heat supply especially the types of heat sources their distribution and heat transfer media, which ensure the transfer of heat energy from the source to the customers. Furthermore it deals with the overview and brief characteristics of selected companies, their sources and the installed facilities for combined production of electric and thermal energy. There are described in detail the representation of individual types of fuels that are burned in the facilities and an overview of these fuels in the installed capacity of the heating boilers. It also deals with prices for heat for end customers in selected cities of the Czech Republic. The conclusion of the work is focused on air pollution, emissions, their limits and norms and there is outlined the development of heating industry in the coming years with respect to stricter requirements for sources of pollution.
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