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Currency crisis in Czech rep. in 1997 and its alternative scenarios
Otřísal, Gabriel ; Skopeček, Jan (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This paper is dedicated to the first currency crisis in the Czech republic, which took place in 1997. It analyses the period perceding crisis, the development of the very crisis and its impacts. The main aim of this paper is to identify the crisis' roots and to map them. On this ground it consequently forms a hypothesis, that with a different mix of monetary and fiscal policy, nonexecution of currency interventions or with a sooner abandonment of the pegged exchange rate, we could have witnessed a different scenario. The paper is also complemented by a binary model of currency crisis prediction and an interview with a participant of the 1997' events.
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Measurement of development of business cycle according to the Austrian school of economics
Svatoňová, Martina ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mičúch, Marek (referee)
In the introduction of my work, I will focus on the presentment of the Austrian School and its main representatives. The work analyzes the Austrian business cycle theory, which is based on subjective utility theory and uses the knowledge of Austrian capital theory, monetary theory and the theory of prices. Austrian business cycle theory is based on the general economic theory. This theory suggests that the real interest rate is the market price. As a result of the change in this rate there is a variation in relative price which coordinates the time structure of production. The theory examines the production of higher order and lower order goods as well as the right to change the production of higher order goods to recognize the economic process which disrupts the structure of the economy. The main goal of this work is to identify the economic indicators which can be used to measure and predict the course of the business cycle in the conception of the Austrian school of economics. The theoretical findings are the basis of the practical part of this work. In this section I will try to answer the question whether the current economic crisis fits into the concept of the Austrian school of economics or not.
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Analysis and accounting of firm financial assets
Kačur, Branislav ; Svoboda, Michal (advisor)
The thesis focuses on the basic types of financial assets and their accounting methods that are used in the firm. The first part describes money and its accounting method at the box office both domestically and foreign. Other chapters of this part are valuables, bank accounts and the accounting method of this property, characteristic of short-term securities and various operations related to inventory and impairment allowances in financial assets. The second part focuses on transactions related to securities as long-term financial instrument. All sections of this work is enriched by various examples contains the basic accounting procedures, which are mainly used in the Czech Republic.
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Did Hayek repudiate his own theory of business cycle?
Komrska, Martin ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis answers the question, whether F. A. Hayek repudiated his own theory of business cycle by abandoning his previous criticism of stabilization of the price level. This paper introduces Hayek's business cycle theory as the part of the positive theoretical analysis, so its conclusion does not have to be also proposal for monetary policy. Hayek perceives money neutrality as a theoretical ideal, which cannot be achieved in the real world. Later, he also introduces an alternative aim of monetary policy -- the stability of the purchasing power of money. The publication Denationalisation of Money is an instruction for achieving this goal and so it is not in conflict with Hayek's business cycle theory. The relation between stability of purchasing power and smooth progress of the economy is substitutional and only competition among currencies will show, what type of mix do people prefer. Hayek's later declaration signifies that his business cycle theory is not able in itself to explain disasters such as the Great Depression.
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Forecast of the Future Development of the Current Business Crisis Using Tools of the Austrian School of Economics
Sehnalová, Tereza ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This paper is based on the theoretical framework given by the Austrian Business Cycle Theory. This theory explains clearly the causes, process and consequences of trade cycles that are inevitable parts of modern economies. Based on this framework, there was built a model trying to illustrate the impact of indicators standing behind the origin of business cycles on production structure of the USA examined on monthly data from years 1984 to 2009. The results of this model are conformable with predictions given by the Austrian Business Cycle Theory. Despite this, it is not possible to predict the future development of the US economy till the end of 2010 using this model, due to many problems that minimize relevance of such forecast. Nevertheless, it is possible to make prediction using the theory explained by the Austrian school of economics.
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The function of money in business cycle theory
Smejkal, Tomáš ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dealing with the topic money and especially emphasizing its function in business cycles. An ambition of this thesis is to resolve dilemma if money, as an important instrument in the real economy, can influence the fluctuation of economy. This thesis is based on the comparison of two distinct schools of economic thought- Post Keynesian and Austrian school. Both approaches despite different opinion on creation and function of money refuse the theory of money neutrality. The phenomenon of deflation is regarded equally from both schools, but Post Keynesian approach, which comes from a work of Irving Fisher, emphasizes negative impact of real debt increment on economy. On the other hand, Austrian School is aware of the unavoidable nature of deflation as a result of boom period, but by avoiding deflation the healing process in economy would be significantly slowed down. Thesis is then focusing on examination of allocation mistakes among individuals. Individuals are making mistakes, but Austrian theory demands further explanation of systematic framework of these mistakes. This view is applied on Minsky's financial instability hypothesis and institutional structure with emphasis on risk and creation of financial instruments. Last stadium of analysis is dealing with particular character of money supply. The Austrian perspective is discussed with reference to Post Keynesian theory of endogenous money and consequent repercussions for Austrian business cycle theory are highlighted. Even in the case that endogenous money theory infirm some of the aspects of Austrian cycle theory the methodological conflict occurs. On the basis of these particular comparisons the conclusion will try to decide if the business cycle is inherently present in every economy or if it is mainly caused by state interferences.
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Pay-per-bid Auctions
Bocák, Petr ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
This paper analyzes pay-per-bid auctions which have appeared recently on the Internet. In this paper I test the suitability of Platt, Price and Tappen's model using data about ended auctions on the website Bonus.cz. The model forecasts the distribution of ending prices depending on the item's value, bid fee and price increment. Observed ending prices distribution of more than 70% of commonly auctioned items on Bonus.cz fit the model. Furthermore, I discuss the relation between the time of day and the number of ended auctions and the influence the price increment has on the collected revenue. Contrary to model predictions, I observed that auctions with the price increment of 0,1 CZK generated significantly higher revenue than auctions with price increment of 1CZK.
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Foreigners in the labour market in the Czech Republic
Svoboda, Martin ; Macáková, Libuše (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis analyses the situation of foreigners in the labour market in the Czech Republic. It does not focus only on the current condition, but the overall development in the period after 1989. It answers questions regarding the number of foreigners, their citizenship, the character of performed work or the type of work permit or residence permit. It compares the situation in the Czech Republic with selected European Union countries. Besides this the thesis is focused on the main projects of the active immigration policy of the Czech Republic.
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Business cycle and economic transformation in Czech Republica
Nedvědová, Kateřina ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor work is focused on course of the business cycle with following application of theoretical knowledge on a specific period of economical history in the Czech Republic. At first the individual theories of business cycles, which provide different views on fluctuation of economical activity, will be analysed with regard to theoretical part. As a part of theoretical chapter will also be a description of an economical situation in the period of transformation in Czech Republic, i.e. approximately in the 90th of 20th century and theoretical exposition of indicators of the business cycles. Following part will be devoted to monitoring and statistical analysis of a transformation period in the Czech Republic, which will be carried out in regard to selected so-called coincident or leading indicators. In the light of these facts the individual stages of business cycle in period of transformation in Czech Republic will be described in the last chapter of the bachelor work.
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