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Haga Yaichi and his role in the making of the concept of Japanese uniqueness (nihonjinron)
Chrdlová, Helena ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
Aim of this work is to valorize Haga Yaichi's work in Concept of japanese uniqueness. About concept of Japanese uniqueness in general is written in the introduction. The first chapter is briefly describing the part of the japanese history when Haga Yaichi lived, which is from 50s of 19th century till the end of Taisho era. Focus is on social and intellectual changing process through that time. In the second chapter is written about Haga Yaichi's life. Focus is on Haga's life moments which could have made some statement for Haga's work. The other part of the chapter is about Haga's work Kokuminseijuron. Apart of basic introduction of the work, the part is also describing every chapter of Kokuminseijuron separately. In the last chapter I tried to examine what other intellectuals of that time thought and what todays intellectuals thinks nowadays. I found out that Haga's work was commented till the end of the second world war. Then because of the nationalistic thoughts in Haga's work after war the work was moved away from center of japanese thoughts. There was no return to the center because of changing the concept of Japanese uniqueness to concept of uniqueness of Japan in 70s of 20th century. In conclution I suggested that return of Haga's work could be occur in future. Apart of that I found out that...
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The development of soft power diplomacy in contemporary Japan
de Grootová, Žofia ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
This thesis deals with soft power in international relations. The main purpose of this work is to analyse the shift of Japanese postwar foreign policy from hard to soft power, and define what the sources of Japanese soft power are, how they are being used and what their limits are. The theoretical part of the thesis serves to define the concept of soft power and the way it works in international relations. In the empirical part I then attempt to apply these theories to analyse the role of soft power in Japanese context. Key words: Japan, soft power, diplomacy, international relations, cultural diplomacy
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Medicinalization of Suicide in Modern Japan
Špirochová, Kateřina ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims, based on the available literature and printed sources, to understand process of medicalization of suicide in modern Japan, in other words to outline how at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century a suicide as a traditional aspect of Japanese culture became a medical problem. In the first phase of modernization Japan successfully adopted many of Western institutional and technocratic models, especially those regarding the state. However at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century Japan achieved many of its goals and the rise of national self-confidence made Japan more selective concerning the West. Just at this time, when Japan wanted to belong to the world elite but was also aware of its own cultural values, the problem of suicide came to the fore and the question how to face it arose. This thesis deals with the problems of adopting the Western concept of suicide as a mental disease being a part of Japanese medicine modernization and psychiatry establishment. On the case of Fujimura Misao it also shows the growing influence of professional public on the changing understanding of the suicide phenomenon and clarifies the new place of a suicide in the society. key words: suicide, medicalization, Japanese psychiatry, seppuku, Kure Shúzó,...
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Marriages in Interwar Japan: Analyses of Women's Journals
Hiruta, Zuzana ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The thesis submitted deals with the topic of marriages in Interwar Japan through an analysis of the women's magazines (fujin zasshi) issued between 1920-1941. The women's role change brought about a gradual shift from a traditional ie-family structure to a new type of a partially atomized two-generation family. Consequently, the roles of man and women in a family have been revised since then. In relation to the modern thoughts incoming from the West, the Japanese started to perceive new ways of getting married, such as the liberal marriage (jiyū kekkon) or the love marriage (ren'ai kekkon), which have broken the old conventions of the traditional go-between marriage (miai kekkon). The purpose of this study is to show the views and opinions of men and women on marriage, establishing the family, spouse relationships, etc. by analyzing the women's magazines and to ansewer the reasearch questions. The analysis is based not only on the regular magazine articles, but also on the editorial interviews (zadankai) and counseling columns (mi no ue sōdan). At first, I introduce the women's magazines, their brief history, purpose and characteristic features. The following chapter discusses the historical background of the women's position from the social point of view, rather than political, and then mentions...
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Use of first person pronouns in Japanese: the case of junior and senior high school students in Ishikawa prefecture
Minxová, Pavla ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
First-person pronouns in Japanese represent an often discussed topic, especially in the field of sociolinguistics. A great amount of new papers study in detail language behaviour of specific population groups. However, general understanding of these pronominal forms is still based on stereotypical structures. These structures are not valid for non- representative demographic groups which nonetheless represent a big part of the population. The first part of the thesis introduces the reader into the problematics of first- person pronouns in Japanese and presents the results of previous relevant research. That is to a certain point used to interpret the results of the research presented in the second part. The goal of this thesis is to discover what first-person pronouns students of junior high and senior high schools in Ishikawa prefecture use to refer to themselves in different situations. It is further researched what first-person pronouns are considered by the target group as suitable for men and women of different age groups. These "suitable" expressions for the age group of focus are then compared to the expressions they actually use. Key words Japanese, first-person pronouns, language varieties, Ishikawa prefecture
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Poverty in Japan: The case of the sole-wage-earner mothers
Nunhardtová, Marie ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Labus, David (referee)
This thesis focuses on the problem of the high relative poverty rate among japanese single mothers. The first part introduces main theoretical approaches to the concept of poverty. The second part, using the data from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Work and Welfare and the statistics from OECD, analyzes the main causes of the bad economic situation of single mothers, such as the insufficient social policy, the weak protection of women in labor force, the non-standard employment, the alimony issue and the lack of childcare institutions. The third part discusses current reforms of the so called Abenomics and its impact on the economic well-being of the japanese single mother.
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Public Sentiments in Japan at the turn of 1920s and 1930s
Kališová, Eva ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with topic of Japanese nationalism and its rise in Japanese liberal- democratic society before second world war. I focus mainly on period of 1920s and 1930s, when numerous breakthrough events occur that deeply undermined trust in democracy and Western world. In the first half of my thesis I analyze economic, internal and foreign policy factors and their negative impact on society, which contributed to rise of radical feelings. For better understanding of success of nationalism I introduce Japanese version of this ideology with its thoughts and ideas. Thesis ends with terrorist assassinations of nationalist groups which represents first noticeable and alarming consequences caused by this radicalization of society that led country into war.
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Persecution of Christianity in Japan between 1614 and 1873
Formanová, Martina ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the nature of persecution of Christians in Japan between 1614 and 1873 and to examine the practices of professing and hiding faith by the Hidden Christians of this era. The first part of this thesis is focused on explaining the reasons that lead to the anti-Christian attitude, on methods used by the persecutors and on psychological nature and the consequences of the persecution. It also addresses the important events connected to the persecution of Christians and their meaning to the Christian community of that era. The second part is dedicated to the Hidden Christians. It illustrates their methods of professing and hiding their faith and analyzes the differences between their practices and the Christian dogma. It also deals with their discovery and fate after the arrival of Western missionaries to Japan.
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The Turn in Japan's Foreign Policy toward European Powers during the WW1
Francová, Kateřina ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to deduce if and how the foreign policy of Japan towards the European powers changed over the course of WW1. The first part describes the political situation in eastern Asia before the outbreak of the war and defines the Japanese position in this region. It also discusses the internal and foreign policy of Japan in the same time period. The main part concerns itself with the complicated situation of Japan joining the war and analyzes the foreign policy towards China. The next part consists of an analysis of policies of Terauchi government, mostly the progress and circumstances of financial diplomacy. Foreign policy is also examined in the context of the USA joining the war and the Siberian dispatch of Japanese troops. The last part describes the results of the Paris and Washington peace conferences. The assessment of the goals' fulfillment is covered in the Conclusion. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Japan, WW1, Foreign Policy, Big War, European Powers, Masatake Terauchi
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