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Cortical electrical stimulation and pain
Rusina, Robert ; Rokyta, Richard (advisor) ; Haninec, Pavel (referee) ; Paleček, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the study was to examine effects of sensorimotor cortex stimulation on pain in animal. A behavioral model investigated pain thresholds in deafferentated rats depending on cortex stimulation and two neurophysiological models studied different components of the jaw opening reflex (JOR) and tooth pulp evoked potentials (TPEPs) following cortical stimulation. The behavioral model used 18 deafferentated (dorsal root rhizotomy) rats and 14 controls. Pain thresholds were measured before and after cortical stimulation using plantar test and tail-flick latencies. In the neurophysiological model, rats were implanted with tooth pulp, cerebral cortex, and digastric muscle electrodes. 15 animals were divided into three groups, receiving 60 Hz, 40 Hz and no cortical stimulation, respectively. TPEPs were recorded before, one, three and fi ve hours after continuous stimulation. 10 other rats were submitted to recordings after a single tooth pulp stimulation, while in 5 more rats we administrated conditioning and test stimulation. TPEPs and digastric EMG were simultaneously recorded. A multiresolution denoising method was used for signal processing. Our results show a similar effect of the stimulation in man and experimental animals despite the differences in the organization of the cerebral cortex. Our results...
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Intracranial Aneurysms - Treatment Options and Natural Course. Safety and Efficacy of Treatment Strategies for Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms.
Petr, Ondřej ; Beneš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Haninec, Pavel (referee) ; Přibáň, Vladimír (referee)
BACKGROUND: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are an uncommon, heterogeneous group of aneurysms with poorer neurological outcomes compared to other intracranial aneurysms. At first, as part A, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms. Subsequently, as part B, we performed a multicenter retrospective study to analyze the outcome in a large series of patients treated with contemporary microsurgical and endovascular techniques. METHODS: For the meta-analysis, a systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science was done for studies published through November 2015. We included studies that described treatment of PICA-aneurysms with ≥10 patients. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the following outcomes: complete occlusion, technical success, periprocedural morbidity/mortality, stroke rates, aneurysm recurrence/rebleed, CN-palsies rates, and long-term neurological morbidity/mortality. As the second part, aiming to report the current trends and results in treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms, records of 94 patients treated for PICA-aneurysms between 2000 and 2015 at 3 large referral neurovascular centers were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In the meta-analysis, we...
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Porovnanie rôznych prístupov k stanoveniu indexu listovej plochy
Haninec, Pavel
Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important characteristics of forest stand affecting fundamentals of tree physiological processes, biomass production or mechanical stability. The aim of this thesis was to compare three different methods (gravimetrical, optical -- LAI 2000 plant canopy analyzer - and needle method) for estimation of LAI. Additionally, the seasonal development of LAI was measured using the LAI 2000 method. Research was conducted in three European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and one sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) stands. The age of forest stands was from 13 to 77 years. Seasonal development of LAI followed general pattern typical for broadleaf stands in central Europe, with fastest rate of leaf growth in the first month following budbreak. Maximal LAI was observed in mid-June and July and it was 4.52 -- 5.08 m2m-2 in beech and 4 m2m-2 in maple stand. LAI 2000 underestimated the gravimetrically measured LAI on average by 15.1 % in beech stands and by 5.8 % in maple stand (these differences were not statistically significant). Needle method underestimated gravimetrical LAI in beech on average by 22 % and in a maple stand by 40 % (this difference was significant in three out of four stands). Overall, gravimetrical method is most laborious but provides most accurate results. LAI 2000 slightly underestimates results (albeit not significantly in broadleaf species) but enables multiple measurements of LAI in the course of growing season. Needle method is inexpensive and easy to use but it significantly underestimates LAI. Its use for comparison of multiple species will always require calibration.
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