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Flash floods as theme for the summer periods in next decades
Buchtele, Josef ; Tesař, Miroslav ; Chlumecký, M. ; Fořtová, Magda
The variability of water regime in the annual cycle is influenced not only by the annual development of the vegetation cover, but also by its increases in the span of several decades. In the actual year it has been twelve years ago when the disastrous floods appeared in the Labe River, and more than fifteen years from destructive inundations in the Morava River basin, and so it is reasonable to remind those situations in the context with the recent flood. The modeling of rainfall-runoff process is the tool for the evaluation of the possible changes in the water regime in the mentioned landscape development.
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Influence of the development of vegetation cover in the basin on the regime of surface water and groundwater resources
Buchtele, Josef ; Tesař, Miroslav
Variability of water regime is influenced usually not only by the changes of vegetation cover in the annual cycle, but also by the vegetation development in the span even of several decades. The resulting evapotranspiration requirement depends on actual climatic conditions; moreover the needs of soil moisture and the oscillation of solar radiation are also significant. The simulations of rainfall–runoff process have been used with the intention to follow the role of the developing vegetation cover and long-term climatic fluctuations. The differences between monitored and simulated runoff in the relatively long periods are the possible tool for the appraisal of changes in the water regime, which are influenced also by the changes of evapotranspiration need.
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Variability of water regime in forested experimental basis
Buchtele, Josef ; Tesař, Miroslav
Climatic conditions represent a significant factor for water regime of a watershed. They form conditions both for the vegetation cover development in the annual cycle and also its changes in the span of decades of years. Land-use changes can be a reason of variability and/or tendencies in the evapotranspiration process affecting water balance in both short-term and long-term temporal scales. The present contribution deals with simulations of the rainfall-runoff process with the help of SAC-SMA (Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting) a BROOK´90 models. The time course of differences between observed and simulated runoff represents a possible tool for the evaluation of tendency and/or variability of water regime of a basin. The used approach makes possible to assess a result of long-term development of the vegetation cover in a catchment and consequent evapotranspiration changes.
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Changes of water regime due to land use change
Buchtele, Josef ; Buchtelová, Marie ; Košková, Romana
Tendencies in water regime resulting from land-use change represent an important and actual subject for research on global scale as well as urgent problem from the local viewpoint.The assessment of deforestation, urbanisation and intense farming effects on flood regime on local or regional scale represent an important and integral part of such intentions and projects. Gradual deforestation, then overgrowing of deforested areas with grass or reforestation of some parts of catchments indicate that the change of vegetation cover did not occur as an abrupt change, but often even random phenomena took place, such as damage in woods inflicted by bark beetle, etc. In order to compare consequences of all these phenomena in different natural conditions simulations in relatively undisturbed areas, i.e. in the Šumava Mts in southern Bohemia were incorporated into the studies. The Vltava catchment down the river to Lenora village and Otava catchment down to Modrava are used for such comparisons.
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