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Legal Aspects of the Protection of Investments in the Czech Republic
Maisnerová, Katarína ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
This work sees the issue of international investment from the perspective of Czech Republic, examines such legislation is currently in the field of Czech Republic international investment is bound. In this context, the work also tries to individual standards, in particular bilateral agreements on investment protection to describe, analyze, systematize, divide into certain categories according to the author of the selected criteria. Furthermore, the work touches on current issues in the protection and promotion international investment from the perspective of the Czech Republic, trying to describe these problems and analyzed by the author on the topic and gives his view draws attention to some problematic provisions. Its objective this work aims in particular to create a complete work, which will provide fairly comprehensive view on the issue of protection and support of international investment from the perspective of the Czech Republic as a state that has this protection and support provide, including the current problems and issues that are associated with this issue currently linked
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State supervision over financial activities in the European Union
Michalec, Filip ; Bakeš, Milan (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee)
Main purpose of this thesis is to compare the financial supervision methods chosen in particular countries and to analyze contemporary and past legislative developments regarding the financial supervision over financial activities in the European Union. This thesis also analyzes method of financial supervision chosen in the Czech Republic with respect to financial supervision methods used in different countries and current legislative developments regarding the financial supervision over financial activities in the European Union.
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Ownership and transfers of real estate in context of tax law
Šaštinský, Petr ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the ownership of real estate and their transfers in the context of tax law. There is examine a legal regulation of property taxes in the Czech Republic in detail, respectively real estate tax, real estate-transfer tax, inheritance tax and gift tax. The legal regulation of property taxes in the Czech Republic is compared with legal regulations in the selected countries of the European continent and in the same time there are highlighted the differences and pointed out the specifics of particular taxes and legal regulations. The thesis judges current legal regulation not only de lege lata but also outlines considerations and propositions de lege ferenda.
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Real estate in the context of international taxation
Novotný, Petr ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee) ; Radvan, Michal (referee)
The topic of the thesis is the tax aspects of the real estate in the context of the international taxation. The thesis focuses not only on the valid regulation of the domestic law, but also on the basic relevant standards of the European law that make impact on the international taxation in the Czech Republic either directly or after their transposition into the domestic law. The scientific intent of the thesis is to show the basic principles and starting points of the real estate taxation and the yield from real estate, which determine the decision-making of the individual natural persons or legal entities, in which country these subjects will invest in real estate or in which country they will have their domicile and what legal form they will choose for the business activity related to the ownership and the disposition of the real estate. In the introduction to the thesis I analyze the basic theoretical grounds of the issue, while defining the basic concepts within the framework of this thesis, such as the basic elements of the tax construction. In this section, I have also included the fundamental regulations of the real estate and its transactions covered in the Civil Code, taking into account the intended provisions of the new Civil Code. In this respect I would like to point out particularly...
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Comparative analysis kinesiological opposite sitting in hippotherapy in two breeds of horses
Čapková, Kateřina ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee)
Title: Influence of race of horse and speed of it's walk on timing of muscles in hippotherapy Purposes: The goal of study is to find out if race of horse and speed of it's walk approaches muscles timing in the reverse sitting position. We also pretend quadrupedal locomotion activation. That would substantiate hippotherapy with sitting-unable children. : Methods: Surface Electromyography, physiotherapeutic screening Results: Muscles timing was different with selected races as well as with different speed of walk. Quadrupedal locomotion was certified. Keywords: hiporehabilitation, hippotherpy, reverse sitting, quadrupedal locomotion, race of a horse, surface electromyography
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Income tax in the context of hamonization of direct taxes in the European Union
Zajíčková, Miroslava ; Bakeš, Milan (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee) ; Karfík, Zdeněk (referee)
- 1 - Abstract The issue of income tax is a topic that is current, whatever the political organization of the country, because it is a fact significantly affecting the political, economic and social conditions, from many different aspects. Individual load, as well as corporate income taxes is one of the key elements that most impact on people and affect their economic behavior, social and political decision-making standard. Income tax in the tax systems is one of the most important taxes, because it is burdening the income of individuals and legal entities, tax payers. Through a greater or lower tax burden on personal and corporate income it is possible to use the legislation in the area of income tax and its setting, in the period of economic stagnation, as an instrument for economic recovery. In the area of tax systems and tax systems of specific countries in the last decade we recorded a relatively significant development. The shift, consisting mainly in the approximation of national tax laws, is in our legal system particularly evident after the enter of Czech Republic to the European Union in 2004. In connection with the gradual expansion of the European Economic Community, of the customs union, common market between Member States and European Union development into as we know it today, with 27 Member...
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Taxation of income of business companies and their members (comparison of legal regulation in the Czech Republic and selected EU countries)
Nováková, Karolina ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
1 Summary The topic of this diploma thesis is taxation of companies' income. The aim of the thesis is to describe and introduce question following from the application of income tax act to the companies. The accent is put on the taxation of dividends. Taxation of companies' income plays a vital role in decision making process of domestic as well as foreign investors where to invest their finances. The thesis is focused on the analysis of Czech tax legislation made through a comparison with the Slovak basic tax legislation. The first chapter deals with the delimitation of core concepts related to the taxation of incomes. It focuses on the income tax act, aspect of natural person's taxation and artificial person's taxation. The second chapter is concerned of characteristic related to taxation of personal companies and stock corporations. The third chapter presents basic terms of dividend's taxation on the domestic as well as on the international level such as the core concept of dividend or tax domicile. The fourth chapter examine the European tax legislation and harmonization of tax legislation within the European Union. The fifth chapter illustrates taxation of domestic payment of dividends and its characteristics related to the natural and artificial person as recipients of dividends. The sixth chapter...
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A comparison of taxation of income from employment in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany
Smetana, Václav ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
- A comparison of the taxation of income from employment in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany The main objective of this thesis is to compare the taxation of income from dependent activities (especially from employment) in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. The thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters and a conclusion. Chapter One is rather theoretical and deals with general terms of the tax theory. The term "dependent activity" is defined in chapter two. Chapter Three compares and contrasts the components of individual income tax in both countries. Chapter Four offers a brief and simplified comparison of the tax burden of an individual in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. The last chapter is concerned with double taxation and its prevention. The tax rate in Germany is higher than in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, the German tax system takes more into account the individual tax payer's ability to pay taxes as well as his specific social situation. A more complicated tax system like that, however, demands very high standards from the state administration. When an employee is working abroad, it is essential to determine his tax residence - limited or unlimited tax liability - in order to properly calculate his income tax....
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Legal Regulation concerning Tax Obligations of Business Associations
Novotný, Vladimír ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee)
Association of entrepreneurs for performance of their collective activity on the basis of a Partnership Agreement, concluded according to Civil Code, is a relatively frequent phenomenon. This legal form, which does not give rise to a new legal entity, is used especially by entrepreneurs - individuals for their consistent gainful activity. Partnership members - partners - are subject to the private-law regulation contained in the Civil Code. A Partnership Agreement, which is one of the types of civil-law contractual relations, is suitable for association of parties intending to carry out a collective one-shot activity, for performance of a one-shot project. At the same time, partnership members conducting a business activity are also subject to public-law regulation, a. o. in term of taxes. The legal regulation of taxes is insufficient for the purpose of performance of permanent business activity in the form of a partnership - a lot of facts are not explicitly laid down, but have to be construed only, which means high legal uncertainty for the partnership members as taxpayers. The rigorosum thesis includes an analysis of the legal regulation applicable to the partnership members and, using the construction recorded in case law and on the basis of the legal opinions contained in professional...
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International double taxation
Körbl, Hugo ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
práce v anglickém jazyce International double taxation International taxation is a very large topic. It is possible to write hundreds of pages about this subject but there will still be many problems which will be waiting for their solution. This theme is also very interesting and in this time very actual. I am sure that importance of international taxation will be highly raising in the future. This is caused by high intensity of the mobility of people and corporations, capital, services, and property but on on the other side it is caused also by still higher and higher number of tax evasions. The states are then forced to make a larger effort in cooperation between them and also to try to prevent the tax evasions. Double taxation agreements should be considered as a good solution for prevention of tax evasions and also mainly only these treaties can assure fair distribution of paid taxes between the states. It wasn't possible to make comprehensive analysis of this large subject in this relatively short thesis. So I decided to focus only on some issues of international double taxation. I was trying to choose issues which make often problems in application or issues which I am considering as very interesting. Sometimes the work on my thesis was not easy because of high number of different opinions....
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