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Possibilities of Zn Recovery from Waste Incineration Fly Ashes.
Korotenko, Ekaterina ; Šyc, Michal ; Jadrný, J. ; Mašín, J. ; Krystyník, Pavel ; Klusoň, Petr
Modern economy is characterized by unprecedented increase in the consumption of raw materials and products. Heavy metals represent only 10% of all inorganic goods consumed, but due to their specific physical and chemical properties they are extremely important in everyday life. Zinc is the world's 4th most widely used metal. Due to the reduction of easily accessible natural resources and the growing shortage ofZn, it is necessary to find secondary raw materials and methods to recover metal from them. Fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) is a suitable raw material for Zn recovery, because of the production quantity and the same content of Zn as in poor ore. Thereby, this paper is aimed to the recovery of Zn from fly ash on the real scale from data obtained from MSWI in the Czech Republic. Verification of the possibility of Zn recovery from fly ash through acid extraction with flue gas treatment system scrubber liquid has been carried out. The results were compared with the published results of Zn recovery using the Swiss technology FLUWA/FLUREC and the Swedish HALOSEP. The average efficiency of Zn extraction in the real MSWI is close to 60%, which is comparable to the efficiency of the technologies mentioned above. Other benefits of acid extraction are above all the neutralization of two hazardous waste streams from the MSWI (fly ash and scrubber liquid), the reduction of chemicals consumption and the total costs for treatment of fly ash and scrubber liquid, production of stabilized inorganic residues and shifting the process in the waste management hierarchy from landfilling towards metals recovery.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22019040814151 - PDF
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Removal of Toxic Metals from Contaminated Water by Elektrocoagulation Method.
Mašín, P. ; Krystyník, Pavel ; Klusoň, Petr ; Jadrný, J. ; Krušinová, Z. ; Kroužek, J.
This paper is focused on a pilot scale electrocoagulation method for heavy toxic metal removal from contaminated ground water and waste water. High efficiency, over 99 % removal of ions Cr6+ and Ni2+ (after arise pH to value 9) has been achieved, during treatment groundwater with content 40 respectively 90 mg/l of chromium and nickel. Mainly disadvantage this technology was coating of electrode plate with ferrous oxides or hydroxides and decreasing of heavy metal removal. It was necessary performed periodical flushing with water and regeneration electrode plates helpful solution of H3P04. Following application of electrocoagulation was performed in wastewater produced from leaking of fly ash from incineration plant of municipal waste. Electrocoagulation process was very effective for reducing of Zn and Pb, but decrease of content Cd was only 20 %. It was found, that Cd must be coprecipitated with Na2S and other alternatives are not effective. Thus, for this electrocoagulation technology was found appropriate utilization for effectively reduce of Zn content.\n
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22019040408010 - PDF
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Pilot Scale Testing of Electrocoagulation to Remove Cr6 +, Ni and Zn from Contaminated Groundwater.
Mašín, P. ; Krystyník, Pavel ; Klusoň, Petr ; Krušinová, Z.
Testing has shown a high efficiency in removal of toxic metals, especially chromium (Cr6+ and Crcelk.). The content of contaminants in treated water was mostly under limits for discharging water into the surface water recipient. The pH 4.5 of inlet water was optimal for the electrochemical reduction of Cr6+ to Cr3+ followed by coagulation. Increase of pH was performed in order to increase efficiency of Ni removal. The power input of electrode cells at the current input of 45 A was 1.3 kWh.m-3 of cleaned water. The life of one electrode pack was 35 m3 of contaminated water at mentioned current input.
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Pilot-scale Operation of Electrocoagulation for Removal of Toxic Metals.
Krystyník, Pavel ; Mašín, P. ; Krušinová, Z. ; Klusoň, Petr
The process was tested in pilot-scale unit placed in movable container and operated in continuous regime. The results have shown that the removal efficacies are strongly dependent on the dose of coagulant, which is the most important and crucial parameters affecting performance of electrocoagulation and of course on other process parameters. It is also very reliant on contaminant content in treated effluent. An addition of flocculating agent was also tested on the improvements of process performance.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22018100509391 - PDF
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Photosensitive thin polymeric layers
Rudická, Andrea ; Klusoň, Petr (referee) ; Veselý, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with photosensitive thin polymeric layers. The experimental part deals with the composition preparation and layers coating. The prepared layers were exposed and studied in detail for their color response to the light. The aim was to prepare a dosimeter, to achieve significant color change between individual doses, to improve the mechanical resistence of the layers and to adjust the sensitivity of the compositions to UVB radiation.
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The pilot plant scale of the electrochemical elimination of Cr and Ni
Krušinová, Zuzana ; Klusoň, Petr (advisor) ; Žebrák, Radim (referee)
Electrocoagulation is a progressive yet not thoroughly understood method used to purify water contaminated by toxic elements and compounds. This bachelor thesis is focused on pilot scale testing of the electrochemical elimination of chromium and nickel from groundwater, realized on the premises of the company Velobel in Zlaté Hory. Firstly, it was essential to optimize the electrocoagulation process according to the parameters and composition of the groundwater. Secondly, it was necessary to test a continuous long-term operation that would make possible complete decontamination of the site. The electrocoagulation process was followed by addition of flocculant which was used to promote the sedimentation of the sludge. Lime solution was added simultaneously to change pH and to help eliminate nickel. This was followed by sedimentation and the purified water was led away by an overflow. The sludge was treated by a filter-press. Hexavalent chromium content in water samples was analysed spectrophotometrically with diphenylcarbazide, whereas trivalent chromium, nickel, zinc and manganese were analysed in a laboratory using ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry). It was discovered that the tested technology is very successful in real conditions, with metal removal efficacies...
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Hormonal activity in wastewater
Čermáková, Tereza ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Klusoň, Petr (referee)
Endocrine disruptors are natural or manmade substances which affect hormonal systems of organisms. Biologically relevant concentrations are commonly being detected in the environment. The effluents of wastewater treatment plant present their significant secondary source. Due to their occurence and quantity the interest in mixtures increases. Ecotoxicological assays with genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae were aplied to verify reliability of predictive mathematical models for mixtures of standards (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, estriol, bisphenol A, irgasan, 4-nonylphenol). Chromatographic analysis along with yeast assays were used for the evaluation of real samples of wastewater treatment plant effluents and sediments. Schindler's predictive model and Full logistic model (FLM) were more reliable for predicting the whole dose-response curve compared to Generalized concentration addition (GCA). Predicted values of a parameter EC50 from all three models were comparable to empirical measurements. Three out of four samples exhibited estrogenic activity 0.65 - 1.70 ng/L 17β-estradiol ekvivalent (EEQ) above the limit of detection 0.13 - 0.33 ng/L EEQ. Antiestrogenic activity was detected in one of the samples. Prediction could be carried out only in the case of the sediments...
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Sensitivity calibration of visible light dosimeter
Škarvadová, Adéla ; Klusoň, Petr (referee) ; Veselý, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with light dosimeters and modern printing and coating techniques for thin-film formation. The subject of experimental study is the optimization of photosensitive compositions for the preparation of disposable, printed and thin-film dosimeters for visible light. Sensitivity, reproducibility and irreversibility of their color change were optimized. Compositions were calibrated for desired light dose. Functional samples for gallery were fabricated and stability of functional samples were tested at high temperatures of storing.
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