|
|
Dynamics of structural defects in CdTe-based semiconductors
Bugár, Marek ; Belas, Eduard (advisor) ; Holý, Václav (referee) ; Fochuk, Petro (referee)
Title: Dynamics of structural defects in CdTe-based semiconductors Author: RNDr. Marek Bugár Institute: Institute of Physics, Charles University in Prague Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. Ing. Eduard Belas CSc.; Institute of Physics, Charles University in Prague Abstract: The work was aimed at investigation of the effect of annealing on structural, electrical and optical properties of CdZnTe epitaxial substrates and CdTe-based and CdZnTe-based X-ray and gamma-ray detectors. The first part of the work is focused on investigation of structural properties of one type of second phase defects - inclusions - present in the material, which degrade the material quality. Consequent annealing experiments were aimed at reduction of these defects. In case of CdZnTe substrates, an annealing treatment leading to increase of the infrared transmittance was investigated. On the other hand, annealing experiments on the detectors of high-energetic radiation were focused on preservation of the high-resistive state. Moreover, the work contains detailed measurements of transport properties of CdTe taken directly at high temperatures. Key words: CdTe, annealing, inclusions, detectors, defects
|
|
|
X-ray investigation of defects in graded SiGe/Si thin layers
Endres, Jan ; Daniš, Stanislav (advisor) ; Holý, Václav (referee)
The goal of presented work is a study of defects in graded Si1xGex/Si thin layers. Misfit dislocations are dominant type of defects in this kind of layers. Diffuse scattering of radiation, which is caused by the presence of defects, was measured with high-resolution diffractometer. Misfit dislocations arrangement in the layers was determined from measured reciprocal space maps. Misfit dislocations distribution is discussed within the scope of two models. Equilibrium one, which is based on energy minimization, and kinetic one, which considers thermally activated movement of dislocations. Measured reciprocal space maps were compared with simulations, which were realized via kinematic theory of X-ray radiation scattering.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Hegel's criticism of the German historical law school in the Philosophy of Law
Holý, Václav ; Sobotka, Milan (advisor) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
This work deals with the problem of hi s tory and historicity of man, society and laws. Hegel stands at the end of a long philosophical tradition and has developed a complex framework, which allows the explanation of all these phenomena and their development. The care of this explanation i s the understanding of the world as rational - the world is the product of the self-conscious idea. And more, the hi s tory is progress of the very same idea towards its own realisation in this world. Hegel sees the whole scenery from the point of view of "the end of history" and it is this position, which allows him to understand the laws governing it. Hegel likes to call his philosophy science and system and as such is this philosophy justifiable only on the grounds of its explicative power. Central terms of Hegels understanding of the society and laws are freedom, will, person and personality, which are again manifestations of the sole idea of reason. The work deals with their conception in Hegels philosophy and their functioning in the explanation of the development of the human society towards reason. Hegel sees the historical law school as an enemy of this development, as an effort to save the past. -we have tried to show that the historical law school is a much more complex phenomenon. Hugo and Savigny have tried...
|
|
|
Magnetic nanostructures with application potential
Bittová, Barbara ; Holý, Václav (referee) ; Kalbáčová Vejpravová, Jana (advisor)
The thesis is mainly focused on the investigation of macroscopic and microscopic magnetic properties of selected nanomaterials containing cobalt and iron, and also the capability of our new device, scanning probe microscope Multimode V by Veeco, to directly visualise morphology and magnetic structure of these samples (Magnetic Force Miscroscopy, MFM). Investigated materials, such as CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and SiO2_Co_Si(111) thin films and multilayers are in general promising materials in many fields. In the medicine, the nanoparticles are used as the drug targets or contrast agents whereas in electronics, the (nano)granular thin films are the starting point in fabrication of high density storage media. The macroscopic magnetic properties of our samples are discusses in a view of superparamagnetic phenomena. The interactions in systems of nanoparticles are presented theoretically within the up-to date knowledge and also experimentally by demonstrating the behavior of the strongly-interacting, uper-spin-glass system. The thin films are studied in term of their granular structure and magnetic anisotropy. The morphology and the microscopic domain structure, respectively, are studied with use of the MFM. The first successful results obtained in our lab by this method are presented.
|
|
|
The relationship between direct regulation of an international sales contract and that under the conflict-of-law rules
Holý, Václav ; Brodec, Jan (referee) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (advisor)
The relationship between direct regulation of an international sales contract and that under the conflict of laws rules (Master's degree thesis) Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the relation between the regulation based on the CISG and the regulations based on the conflict of laws rules. The reason for my research is the important role that the unified CISG regulation plays in the international commerce and the complicated legal issues connected with its sphere of application in particular at the moment, when the nature of conflict of laws rules changes throughout Europe. My thesis is based mainly on foreign sources, German, English and Spanish in particular. It includes a representative sample of relevant court decisions and arbitral awards as well. Czech sources are used especially when dealing with theoretical and general question. Occasionally some Czech court decisions are included. The thesis is composed of three chapters, proceeding from the general issues to the specific ones. Chapter One deals with the most general questions of relation between CISG and conflict of laws rules. The chapter is subdivided into four parts. Part One describes the relation between CISG and conflict of laws rules in respect of their legal power and explains that CISG has to be applied before the conflict of...
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
