|
|
Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Drnková, Nela ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Nela Drnková Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potencial antifungal substances trought the use of microdilution broth method Background: The aim of this thesis was evaluation of antifungal activity of 70 substances trought the use of microdilution broth method. Substances for testing were synthesized at the Faculty of Pharmacy and they were divided into 5 groups based on chemical structure. Methods: The microdilution broth method was used for testing. The antifungal activity of substances was tested on 8 strains of yeasts and filamentous fungi: Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, Trichosporon asahii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera a Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Results: The most active substances were in group of salicylanilide N- monosubstituted and N,N-disubstituted carbamates and thiocarbamates. The most effective substances were SAL-1L, SAL-1M, SAL-1N. They were effective on Trichophyton mentagrophytes already at concentration of 1,95 µmol.l-1 . The widest spectrum had substance GP-137, it inhibited the growth of all tested strains, but only at high concentrations. Rhodamine...
|
|
|
Lyme borreliosis, clinical and laboratory diagnosis
Kohoutová, Lucie ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Author: Mgr. Lucie Kohoutová Title: Lyme borreliosis, clinical and laboratory diagnosis University: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Field of study: Pharmacy Background: We investigated the situation at laboratory and clinical diagnosis in the area of Havlíčkův Brod from 2011 to 2012. We focused on how the suggested laboratory methods were respected in the first half of our paper. Also one of our main interests was the number of patients with positive results of serology and liquor tests. The next aim was to point out how complex was the process of all tests evaluation to neuroborreliosis. The second part of our rigorous work was dedicated to the real state of diagnosis and therapy of the lyme disease in the area that belongs to Havlíčkův Brod's Hospital. Our aim was to verify if the recommended rules of diagnosing and therapy published by Czech Society of Infectology were respected. And of course if there's sufficient knowledge of the disease. Methods: The data were gained from the laboratory of immunology (Department of Collective Laboratories of Havlíčkův Brod's Hospital). Patients were judged in several categories: the result of particular exams (ELISA, westernblot, immunoblot) in time, the sex, the date of sampling (alternatively other samplings), the doctor...
|
|
|
Identification of DNA sequence binding C/EBP and C/EBPb proteins involved in RANKL expression
Dušek, Lukáš ; Křivčíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Lukáš Dušek Supervisor: Ing. Lucie Křivčíková, Asist. Vid Mlakar, B. Sc. microbial., Ph.D. Thesis title: Identification of DNA sequence binding C/EBP and C/EBPb proteins involved in RANKL expression Bone thinning - osteoporosis - is an increasing problem of human health worldwide. Johnell and Kanis estimated that in 2000 more than 9.0 million of osteoporotic fractures occurred - this means about 3 fractures from osteoporosis every second [1]. Because the decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with age and with the aging of the world population, the issue of bone health and especially osteoporosis is expected to emerge in its urgency. Discovery of osteoprotegerin (OPG) / receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) / RANK-ligand (RANKL) pathway in late 90' gave scientists a fruitful target for future investigations about bone metabolism and revealed interesting interconnections with cardiovascular diseases, immunity and cancer survival and targeting. This study had one experimental and two theoretical goals: The experimental and primary goal was to identify transcription factors and DNA binding sites in -662 to -438 region upstream of RANKL transcription start...
|
|
|
Screening of p16 protein level, a potencial marker for cervical cancer
Hedlová, Kateřina ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Author: Kateřina Hedlová Title: Screening of p16 protein level, a potencial marker for cervical cancer Bachelor's thesis Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Degree program: Medical bioanalysis Study: Medical laboratory technician Background: Cervical cancer is one of the few oncological disease with proven etiological agent. The cause of this disease is persistent infection caused by high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus . Cervical cancer is worldwide the second most common cause of death in women under 45 years of age. Preventive gynecological examinations, which include a cytologicalexamination of the cervix can soon diagnose pre-cancerous stages and thus significantly contribute to the timely treatment.. At present, commonly used screening tests are primarily limited in senzitivity, therefore are searched for more senzitive and specific new diagnostic methods.One of the candidate methods is test based on quantitative determination of p16 by ELISA method. Methods: Colorimetric enzyme linked immunoanalysis, a commercially available kit CervatecTM p16INK4a ELISA. Result: 72 various cytological smears from cervix were obtained from gynecological examinations of women. Determined values of protein p16INK4a were in 65...
|
|
|
Susceptibility profile of biofilms of non-albicans Candida spp. to echinocandins
Pešková, Pavla ; Křivčíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Pavla Pešková Supervisor: Ing. Lucie Křivčíková Diploma Thesis: Susceptibility profile of biofilms of non-albicans Candida spp. to echinocandins Yeasts of the genus Candida are one of the most frequent human fungal pathogens. Infections caused by them are related to a specific form of growth - biofilm (BF), which has increased their resistance to antifungal treatment. Since bloodstream infections caused by non-albicans Candida species are increasing, it is important to focus on their susceptibility characteristics. The main aim of our experiment was to examine the susceptibility profiles of BF produced by rare non-albicans Candida species to echinocandins. We tested 3 species of the genus Candida - C. lusitaniae, C. guilliermondii and C. krusei and 3 different echinocandins - anidulafungin (AND), caspofungin (CAS) and micafungin (MFG). Echinocandins have unique mechanisms of action. They inhibit the function of the enzyme β-1,3-glucan synthase. Disruption of its function leads to inhibition of β-1,3-glucan production, damage of fungal cell wall and loss of viability of the cell. In experimental part we used YNB medium and RPMI 1640 medium to grow Candida species BF and...
|
|
|
Evaluation of activity potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Navrátil, Radek ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Mgr. Radek Navrátil Evaluation of activity potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method Rigorous thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové The aim of this thesis was to asses the antibacterial and antifungal activity of 49 substances prepared at the Department of organic and Inorganic chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University. According to their structural characteristics the substances were divided into six groups and tested through the microdilution broth method at eight strains of bacteria and eight strains of pathogenic fungi. The highest antibacterial activity was observed at the derivatives of 3-phenyl- 2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-dithione against Staphylococcus aureus. The highest antifungal activity was shown by the derivatives of N-benzylsalicylthioamide against Absidia corymbifera. None of the tested substances presented efficiency against gramnegative bacteria. The replacement of the oxo group by thioxo group in molecule of 3-phenyl-4- thioxo-3,4-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2-one led to a reduction of activity with exclusion at S. aureus. The replacement of hydrogen by halogene in molecule of 1,3-benzoxazine led to an improvement of activity. Further testing needs to be carried out to acquire definite results.
|
|
|
Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Tichá, Monika ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Monika Tichá Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method Background: The aim of this thesis was evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method. Total of 52 substances were tested. Substances were synthetisized at Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control (Mgr. Jandourek, Mgr. Semelkova). All substances were pyrazine derivates, the substances were divided into six group. Sensitivity of the 8 strains was tested - Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon asahii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Methods: Microdilution broth method was used. Results: Total of 24 substances displayed antifungal effect, the lowest MIC was 62,5 µmol.l-1 . The most sensitive strain was Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the least sensitive was Candida albicans. Derivates of N-benzylpyrazine-2-amine were the most active group of the substances. Conclusion: Alkyls with long hydrocarbon chain appeared to be profitable substituents...
|
|
|
Evaluation of activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method III
Zavřelová, Alena ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of thesis: Evalution of activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method III Autor of thesis: Alena Zavřelová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this thesis, due to the growing incidence of fungal diseases and the growing incidence of resistance, was to determine the activity of potentially antimycotic active substances. We tested newly synthesized compoused, structurally based on the substance of pyrazinamide which is significant antituberculotic. Methods: Testing of substances was carried out using a broth microdilution method on eight strains of pathogenic fungi consisting of five yeast strains: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon asahii and three strains of filamentous fungi: Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Results: From the range of tested concentrations and from the total number of the thirty tested substances, the most noticeable antifungal aktivity was revealed in the substance of 5-methyl-6-(2-phenylhydrazinyl)pyrazine-2,3- dicarbonitrile. All strains, except Trichophyton mentagrophytes strain, showed a relatively...
|
|
|
Evaluation of activity of potentional antibiotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method III
Petlánová, Tereza ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Study program: Pharmacy Author: Tereza Petlánová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antibiotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method III Background: The aim of this thesis was to test antibiotic substances produced by the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug control Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University in Hradec Králové. Methods: Substances were tested by using microdilution broth method on eight strains of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus methicilin resistant, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL positive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: Substances were divided into five groups according to common structural features. The most effective was group of aliphatic derivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. A groups of cyclic derivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrole and cyclic derivates of pyrazine-2- carboxamide were almost ineffective. Conclusion: Of the total of 34 tested compounds was observed antibacterial effect in 13 of them. The most susceptible strains were Enterococcus sp., Straphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis....
|
|
|
Evaluation of activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method IV
Pašková, Barbora ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
Barbora Pašková Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method IV Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Study program: Pharmacy Background: The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the antimycotic activity of 34 substances prepared at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové of the Charles University in Prague. Methods: The substances were tested by the microdilution broth method at eight strains of yeasts and filamentous fungi. The tested substances were divided into five groups according to their chemical structure: benzylamino substituted derivates of pyrazine-2- carboxamide, aliphatic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, aliphatic aminoderivates of pyrazine -2-carboxamide, cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2-carboxamide. Results: The highest antimycotic activity was discovered in group of cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2-carboxamide, especially in tested substances OJ101 and OJ103, which showed antimycotic activity to all of strains of yeast and filamentous fungi. On the other hand, substances of group of benzylamino substituted derivates of...
|
guest ::
