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Thesis The effect of flavoinoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances
Malá, Marie ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Mgr. Marie Malá, Thesis The effect of flavoinoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 2014, 67 pages. Thesis "The effect of flavonoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances" deals with Fenton's reaction. For the needs of this work it means the effect of chosen flavonoids and chelators on oxidation of salicylic acid in presence of peroxide and ferrous ions. Chelators were efficient antioxidants at very low concentrations, but inefficient or pro-oxidative at higher concentrations. The most significant antioxidant effect of flavonoid genistein was estabilished at pH 4,15, pH optimum was in range 3,3 - 5,91.
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Influence of selected metals and chelators on the oxidation of natural substances
Ptáčníková, Lucie ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Spilková, Jiřina (referee)
Rigorózní práce Mgr. Lucie Ptáčníková 2 ABSTRACT Mgr. Lucie Ptáčníková, Influence of selected metals and chelators on the oxidation of natural substances, Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, thesis tutor: PharmDr. Jan Martin, PhD., Hradec Králové, 2014, 53 pages. Thesis called "Influence of selected metals and chelators on the oxidation of natural substances" focuses on influence of lanthanides and their complexes on the oxidation of salicylic acid. Oxidation products (2,3 a 2,5 - dihydroxybenzoic acid) were determined by using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After that was examined if chosen substances determine reaction mentioned above. The results demonstrate that lanthanides and their complexes have much weaker inhibition (antioxidant) than flavonoids. Correlation was detected in substance La(CCA). Correlation was not detected in substances La(AOA) a AOA, but it might not happen if conditions of experiment would be a little bit different. In the rest of substances correlation was not detected at all. Keywords: lanthanides - salicylic acid - oxidation-reduction reaction - Spearman's test for coefficient of correlation
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The Quality of the Dietary Suplements with Content Skullcap
Dvořáková, Lenka ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Name of the work: The quality of the dietary suplements with content skullcap Author: Lenka Dvořáková The work was targered on the determination of main flavonoids from skullcap and most often incident flavonoids in the other herbs, which have been by part of polykomponents dietary supmements analyzed in this work. Three extracts from each preparation were prepared under different conditions. The highest amount of flavonoids was achieved in most of cases by extraction in ultrasonic bath and for using lower temperature. These extracts were prepared from capsulae durae. By contraries by extract prepared from capsulae moles, were measured levels (values) higher by extract prepared by using of water bath. Between companies were large differences in measured values and so informations featured on covers were too differently large.
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The alkaloid content in water moss Fontinalis antipyretica
Vostřelová, Monika ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Monika Vostřelová, The volume of alkaloids in Fontinalis antipyretica, The diploma thesis, Charles University Prague, School of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, diploma thesis tutor: PharmDr. Jan Martin, Ph.D., Hradec Králové, 2010, 53 pages This diploma thesis called "The volume of alkaloids in Fontinalis antipyretic aquatic moss" focuses on the setting of alkaloids and flavonoids volume in the above-mentioned aquatic moss. The aim of this thesis was to collect samples of Fontinalis antipyretica in different habitats of the Czech Republic (Rychnovek, Debrné, and Ledce), to determine alkaloids and flavonoids presence, to set their volume in the samples from different habitats and to describe the conditions of collection. The volume of alkaloids and flavonoids was determined by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results conclude that the highest volume of alkaloids can be found in the Rychnovek region (the Metuje river), also harmalol and harmine alkaloids were detected there. The habitat with the highest volume of flavonoids is Ledce (the Dědina river). In some samples myricetin and hyperosid flavonoids were found. The volume of the monitored groups in the habitat of Horní Debrné (the Labe river) was very low. Key words: alkaloids - harmalol - harmine - Fontinalis antipyretica...
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Transport of flavonoids through the cell membranes I.
Deščíková, Veronika ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Veronika Deščíková, Transport of flavonoids through the cell membranes I., graduation thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, thesis supervisor: Mgr. Jan Martin Ph.D., Hradec Králové, 2007, 52 pages This work was aimed at an experimental verification of some of the transport mechanisms for flavonoid baicalin and his aglycone baicalein on suspension cultures derived from plant Scutellaria baicalensis (baikal scullcap). An amount of flavonoids after elicitation by glutathione, orthovanadate and kalium cyanide was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC). According to several recent studies an addition of glutathione should increase an amount of flavonoids. The effect on scullcap suspension cultures showed noticeable decrease of both flavonoids, mainly after 24 and 72 hours of elicitation. Biosynthesis of baicalin was intensively reduced after adding orthovanadate, showing that ABC transporters for this flavonoid are vanadate-sensitive. Elicitation with kalium cyanide didn't demonstrate any significant changes of baicalin or baicalein amount. Using of this cyanide as an elicitor is doubtful due to its unclear interaction with peroxidase system. Keywords: flavonoids - ABC transporters - baicalin - baikal scullcap - Scutellaria baicalensis -...
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In vitro cultures of medicinal of plants - VII
Machačková, Jana ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
In vitro cultures of medicinal of plants - VII Elicitation is one of the methods that can be used to increase production or accumulation of secondary metabolites in explants cultures. There were used callus and suspensions cultures of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Derivate N-phenylpyrazin-2-carboxamid was used as abiotic elicitor in concentrations c1=1.159x10-3 mol/l, c2=1.159x10-4 mol/l and c3=1.159x10- 5 mol/l. The effect of elicitors on the production (flavonolignans of silymarin complex and flavonoid of taxifolin) was evaluated after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. Cultures were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium with addition 10 mg/ml α-naphtylacetic acid (α- NAA). HPLC method for analysis was used. The maximal content of flavonolignans was reached after elicitor application in concentration c2 after 168 h in callus culture (0,08%). However the highest content of silydianin was detected after application of elicitor in concentration c1 (0.11 %) in suspensions culture. The maximal content of flavonoid taxifolin was noted in of nutritient medium of suspensions cultures.
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The explant cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi
Čabelková, Petra ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Affecting tissue cultures with precursors is one of methods that increases the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. This thesis deals with precursors affecting production of mescaline in suspension tissue cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi. As precursors dopamine, D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate and shikimic acid were used. Three concentrations of these precursors were prepared. Suspension cultures with different concentrations of precursors were analysed by HPLC method after 48 and 168 hours. Murashige and Skoog medium was used for cultivation. Mescaline biosynthesis was most affected by dopamine. The largest amount of mescaline was produced in suspension culture with the highest concentration of dopamine 50 mg/100 ml.The culture was cultivated for 168 hours. Suspension cultures that were cultivated for 48 hours produced the highest amount of mescaline with the highest concentration of dopamin 50 mg/100 ml. The biosynthesis of mescaline was inhibited by other precursores (D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate, shikimic acid).
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Alkaloid and flavonoid content in Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw.
Ptáčníková, Lucie ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Lucie Ptáčníková, The volume of alkaloids and flavonoids in Fontinalis antipyretica, Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, thesis tutor: PharmDr. Jan Martin, PhD., Hradec Králové, 2012, 55 pages. Thesis called "Content of alkaloids and flavonoids in Fontinalis anitpyretica" establishes alkaloids and flavonoids and identifies one substance of these alkaloids in the above-mentioned water moss. The main purpose of this thesis was to obtain samples of Fontinalis antipyretica from selected locations in the Czech Republic (Ledce, Rychnovek, Kunvald). Next purpose was to determine alkaloids and flavonoids of collected material, isolated one substance of alkaloid character and verify identity of selected alkaloid. The content of alkaloids and flavonoids was determined by using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results show that β - carboline alkaloid harmin was determined by consensus UV spectrum and retention time with standard. Consequently flavonoids called myricetin and hyperosid was determined. Identity of β - carboline alkaloid harmin was verified by using NMR analysis. Keywords: alkaloids - harmalol - harmin - Fontinalis antipyretica - flavonoids
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Zhodnocení antioxidační aktivity lipofilních esterů hydroxytyrosylu
Jarkovská, Stanislava ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Stanislava Jarkovská Supervisors: Prof. Sandra Incerpi, Dr. Přemysl Mladěnka Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of antioxidant activity of hydroxytyrosyl lipophilic esters Scavengers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) or shortly antioxidants could have beneficial effects in diseases associated with oxidative stress. In addition, antioxidants are widely used today for stabilization of fats and oils in food matrices. Hydroxytyrosol, the main phenolic compound of olive oil, possesses strong antioxidant activity. Due to its highly polar nature it is less soluble in lipophilic environment that limits its use as antioxidant in foods and in prevention/treatment of diseases. The aim of this thesis was to compare scavenging potential of parent compound hydroxytyrosol to its lipophilic esters with different side chain length. Antioxidant capacity of these esters that were synthetized in the Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering in university Roma Tre, were examinated in vitro in 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging assay and in L6-myoblasts in culture dichloroflourescein (DCF)...
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