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Changes in motor function and seizure susceptibility after photothrombic ischemic stroke in immature rat
Brima, Tufikameni ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Kittnar, Otomar (referee) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee)
i | P a g e ABSTRACT Changes in motor function and seizure susceptibility after photothrombic ischemic stroke in immature rat Perinatal stroke is a common cerebrovascular disorder affecting one in every 4000 births, typically associated with sequelae that include motor and cognitive deficits and long term comorbidities including epilepsy. We sought to determine the effect of perinatal induced stroke on motor function and seizure susceptibility in rats. Photothrombotic model of stroke was used in rat at postnatal day 7. Firstly we induced ischemic lesions of different extends to assess the consequences of stroke on motor function, locomotion and its correlation to morphological changes after stroke. To this end, paradigms sensitive to sensorimotor changes were used; histological changes were also assessed. Secondly, with the use of pure cortical lesions, seizure susceptibility in PTZ elicited models of epileptic seizures was analysed. For seizure occurrence, latency and severity, two different concentrations of PTZ (60 and 100 mg/kg) were administered subcutaneously in two different age groups at P 12 and P 25. In addition, episodes of rhythmic EEG activity were registered at P 25 following successive 20- and 40-mg/kg doses of PTZ administered interperitonealy. Our data depicted two kinds of lesions with...
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Oral Cacoetheses and Creation of Functional Disorders in Tempomandibular Joint
Hrubá, Kamila ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Název práce: Orální zlozvyky a vznik funkčních poruch v oblasti temporomandibulámího kloubu. Name of physis: Oral cacoetheses and creation of functional disorders in temporomandibular joint. Cíle práce: Zjistit, zda může vlivem častého žvýkání žvýkací gumy docházet k funkčním změnám v oblasti temporomandibulámího kloubu ajeho okolí. Metoda: Diplomová práce je pojata jako pilotní studie, která sleduje vliv nadměrného žvýkání žvýkací gumy na vznik funkčních poruch v oblasti temporomandibulárního kloubu a jeho okolí. Pro tuto práci bylo vybráno 30 probandů (3 skupiny po 1O probandech), přičemž v každé skupině bylo 5 mužů a 5 žen ve věkovém rozmezí 22- 30 let. Byli vybráni na základě vytvořeného dotazníku, a podmínkou bylo, aby byli bez známek jakýchkoliv funkčních či jiných poruch v oblasti TMK a nesměli vykonávat žádné orální zlozvyky. Před zahájením žvýkání bylo u každého probanda provedeno vyšetření rozsahu otevření úst, laterálních pohybů dolní čelisti, palpační vyšetření žvýkacích svalů, a to konkrétně m. temporalis, m. masseter, m. pterygoideus medialis, extraorálně a intraorálně a m. pterygoideus lateralis (dolní část) intraorálně a m. digastricus extraorálně, palpační vyšetření TMK a jazylky a dále vyšetření kloubní vůle TMK, měkkých tkáních v oblasti hlavy a krku. Dále bylo vyšetřováno, zda...
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Complicated Case of the Dupuytren's Disease - Retrospective Case Study
Fraňková, Hana ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Bartůňková, Staša (referee)
Název: Komplikovaný případ Dupuytrenovy kontraktury - retrospektivní případová studie Název v angličtině: Complicated case ofthe Dupuytren's disease - retrospective case study Cíl práce: Tato práce je zaměřená na problematiku onemocnění Dupuytrenovy kontraktury. V práci jsou shromážděny informace o podstatě tohoto onemocnění. Stručně vysvětluji biochemický základ, patofyziologii onemocnění a zároveň se snažím vystihnout nejpodstatnější rizikové faktory, které do jisté míry ovlivňují vznik, nebo urychlují progresi onemocnění. Popisuji anatomické struktury, které jsou nejčastěji postiženy a formy této nemoci. Od lokalizace onemocnění se vyvíjí další léčba, a to léčba konzervativní, která není tak úspěšná, a následně léčba chirurgická. Součástí konzervativní i chirurgické léčby je rehabilitační péče, která má zde svoji nezastupitelnou roli. Pro rehabilitační péči je podstatné správné sestavení rehabilitačního plánu pro kvalitní a plnohodnotné navrácení funkce a tím zkvalitnění běžného života pacienta. Posouzeni vhodnosti a zhodnocení léčebné péče bude dalším úkolem této práce a to konkrétně u pana M.M., zvoleného probanda, který je pacientem Ústavu chirurgie ruky ve Vysokém nad Jizerou, a s tímto onemocněním bojuje od roku 1976 do současné doby. Pokud dojde k potvrzení stanovené hypotézy, bude dalším...
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Condition of Patients with the Diagnosis of Spina Bifida Cystika with Myelomeningocele and Subsequent Rehabilitation Intervention
Gajdová, Magda ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Name of the diploma thesis: Condition of patients with the diagnosis of spina bifida cystica with myelomeningocele and subsequent rehabilitation intervention Goal of the work: Spina bifida (cleft spine) is a congenital defect resulting from failure of fusion of embryologie halves of vertebral arches. Spina bifida belongs to the group of congenital abnormalities ofthe central nervous system, which manifest themselves through neural tissue anomalies and bony changes of the spine. Since there is not a single Czech publication dedicated to the diagnosis of spina bifida, the first goal of this diploma thesis was to thoroughly describe the diagnosis of spina bifida, with special emphasis on cystical spina bifida, and to introduce opinions of the Czech and mainly intemational experts on this issue. In the second part ofthis diploma thesis, based on a case study ofthree patients with the diagnosis of congenital spina bifida cystica with myelomeningocele, the goal was to compare the historically, as well as currently applied rehabilitation treatment of these patients and to confirm that the rehabilitation procedures differed, depending on the height ofthe lesion and the availability ofqualified rehabilitation care. Solution method: To process the gathered information about spina bifida from specialized...
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Hand Injuries and Rehabilitation in Rock Climbing
Hebelková Činčerová, Milada ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Kvítek, Václav (referee)
lnjuries of upper extremity, which are caused by climbing aktivities on the indoor climbing walls or outside on the rocks, are mostly injuries of tendons of the hand, mainly the fingers, due to overload of the hand and the use of different grips. The overuse injuries with resulting inflammation are the most frequent, followed by partial and total ruptures of flexor tendons pulleys. Next there can originate some injuries caused by overload or increased farce as dislocations with articular capsule injuries. The fractures are caused by great forces and they are less frequent compared to tendon and capsular injuries. One of the most common injuries on climber's hand are closed ruptures of finger pulleys. I tried to reach up and map the situation of injuries of climber's hand during rock climbing and create some statistic of these injuries to find out the solution for the shortest recovery, and list out the therapy procedures. Our primary study included ten climbers with the pulley injury. Using the ultrasonography and magnetic resonance we have diagnosed the value of injury and proposed an individua! treatment, conservative or surgical repare of pulley and then with the use of questionnaire analysed the results and the time needed for recovery and the length of break in climbing activities. Key words:...
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Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle
Kalvasová, Eva ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Autor's first name and surname: Mgr. Eva Kalvasová Title of the doctoral thesis: Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle. Workplace: Institute of fyziotherapy FTVS UK Supervisor: doc. PaedDr. Dagmar Pavlů, CSc. The yaer of the presentation: 2009A sprained ankle is the most common injuryMost frenkvently spr ABSTRACT: Introduction: The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) lesion is the most frequent injury of the ankle joint. The ATFL protective function is changed during gait and is influenced by the incorrect foot position as well. Objective: The objective is to describe the influence of ATFL on the ankle stability during gait and standing. The polemic discuss the optimal therapeutic treatment of the lateral ankle ligaments injury and the ankle instability. Methods: Thematic analysis Results: The foot segments position and the position of crus affects the function of ATFL. The ligament function is impaired by incorrect position of foot segments. In consequence the ligament cannot protect the ankle joint and the ankle joint instability and potential injury can occur. The optimal therapeutic treatment for ankle instability requires global approach to activate all components participating on postural stability. Conclusion: The ATFL protective function is impaired by...
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Acute Injury of Flexor Appliance From Second to Fifth Fingers of Hand
Znášiková, Pavla ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Thesis title: Acute injury offlexor appliance from second to fifth fingers ofband Diagnosing the problem: Hand injuries represent 1/3 and 112 ofall work injuries. Most ofthe injuries are to the tendon in the palms and from the muscles flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis. Anatomically the hand is quite complicated. In this small area there are many structures such as bones, tendons, muscles, veins and nerves. Their compatibility makes the band function. Bach trauma can have a very serious effect. Aims/Goals: The human band is one ofthe most complicated parts ofthe body and is also one ofthe most important. Quality oflife is seriously affected by its malfunction. After a tendon injury, surgery and good aftercare are necessary for the hand to function correctly. The aim ofthis thesis is to present a comprehensive view ofhand injuries and the different opportunities ofaftercare rehabilitation in the zones 1 and 2. Also to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe rehabilitation protocols on patients 1, 2 and 3. Analysis/solutions: My conclusions were drawn from a step by step critical analysis of the treatment schedules from injury through to rehabilitation ofpatients 1, 2 and 3, as well as a modified version ofTAM (total active motion). Some ofthe information within this thesis was...
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