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Current approaches in the therapy of spastic paresis after acquired brain injury in adult patients - review
Štětková, Hana ; Říha, Michal (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: Current approaches in the therapy of spastic paresis after acquired brain injury in adult patients - review Objective: The goal of this diploma thesis is evaluate the most efective current physiotherapeutic procedures in the therapy of spastic paresis after acquired brain injury in adult patients with the main focus on physiotherapeutic intervention and further to find out whether the reduction of spasticity on the lower limb improves walking speed. Methodics: The diploma thesis is written as a theoretical thesis in the form of a literature review using the following electronic databases: PubMed, PEDro, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science. The first half of the thesis summarizes the theoretical basis and knowledge dealing with spasticity assessment scales and spasticity therapy. The second half is written as a descriptive-analytic rewiev and contains an analysis of studies where therapy was used to affect spasticity with a joint assessment of walking speed without concomitant botulinum toxin treatment. Results: After conducting the search, only 6 studies that addressed the influence of spasticity after acquired brain damage in adult patients with simultaneous assessment of walking speed met the established criteria. Due to the very small number of studies and the way the studies were...
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Transposition of Energy Communities into Czech Law
Pešková, Michaela ; Říha, Michal (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Václav (referee)
Transposition of Energy Communities into Czech Law - abstract The main topic of the presented diploma thesis is the legal concept of energy communities and its transposition into Czech law. The term "energy communities" means both citizen energy communities according to the Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on common rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/27/EU and renewable energy communities as defined by the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. None of the mentioned directives has yet been fully transposed in the Czech Republic, although the transposition deadlines in both cases have already passed. The first chapter of the diploma thesis discusses the transposition of EU directives in general and from a theoretical point of view, including transposition methods and a description of the process of transposition of directives at the national level. The second chapter deals with the EU legal provisions regulating the energy communities themselves. Common characteristics, as well as basic differences between both types of energy communities, are identified, including the consequences of these differences for...
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FOOD SAFETY IN COOPERATION WITH RASFF SYSTEM
ŘÍHA, Michal
Summary The primary aim of this study is the definition of the function of the RASFF system, established in the Czech Republic based on the Regulation No. 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council. Secondary aim is the analysis of the most frequently occurring notifications and hazardous foods available in the Czech market. The Czech Republic became a full member of the European Union on 1 May 2004. Hence, it has decided to adopt Community rules and to become part of the common European market. This decision also entails a need to respect all commitments resulting from acquis communautaire. One of the basic commitments laid down in the Treaty establishing European Community is that to guarantee high level of health protection and to strengthen consumer protection. Basic legal framework in the EU, as well as in the Czech Republic, is provided by Regulation No. 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council. It covers all stages of production, processing and distribution of food and feed (the food chain) and as a key principle identifies risk analysis {--} a process consisting of three components: risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. The legal basis for the European Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) is Regulation (EC) No. 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council, specifically Articles 50 {--} 52. In the Czech Republic, it is defined in Act No. 110/1997 Coll., on foodstuffs and tobacco products, as subsequently amended, and in Act No. 91/1996 Coll., on feedstuffs, as subsequently amended, and in more details it is governed by Government Regulation No. 98/2005 Coll., establishing rapid alert system on emergence of risk of threatening human health by food and feed, which came into force on 1 March 2005. Individual members of the RASFF network in the Czech Republic is the CAFIA, which is at the same time the National Contact Point, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, public health protection bodies, veterinary administration bodies, customs services, State Office for Nuclear Safety, Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Agriculture. The CAFIA plays two roles in the system. On one hand, it is a state body supervising compliance with obligations laid down by the Food Act, on the other hand, pursuant to Article 15(4) of this Act, it is the National Contact Point (NCP) for the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) in the Czech Republic. In 2005, the CAFIA received 51 notifications through NCP; of this, 24 (47%) fell within CAFIA competencies which ensured their investigation in the field and through additional notification informed back on the results. The Czech Trade Inspection participated in investigation of one case. A total of 38 notifications regarding market inspection were sent from the Czech Republic through NCP; of this, 31 cases (82%) arose from CAFIA inspection activities. In connection with import controls of food and raw materials originating in third countries, NCP notified 7 cases of consignments rejected on borders and not placed on the market. The CAFIA is involved in these cases together with customs services in accordance with agreement on mutual collaboration and cooperation, concluded between the CAFIA and the General Directorate of Customs.
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Leniency programme as a fair tool of EU competition law
Svoboda, Michael ; Šmejkal, Václav (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
Leniency programme as a fair tool of EU competition law Abstract This diploma thesis addresses the question whether the Commission's leniency programme respects the fundamental rights and principles protecting undertakings from abuse of power by the Commission, in other words whether the Commission's leniency programme is fair and proportionate. After a general introduction to the conditions of the Commission's leniency programme, the diploma thesis analyses the relationship of the leniency programme to the various fundamental rights and principles - namely the principle of legal certainty and legitimate expectations, the principle of equal treatment and the right to a fair trial. These particular rights and principles have been selected because they appear to be the most relevant with respect to the specifics of the leniency program. In relation to the principle of legal certainty and legitimate expectation, the focus is on the hypothetical application and marker application, the evidence required to obtain immunity, evidence with significant added value, the conditions of cooperation with the Commission, the timing of notification of the fulfilment of the conditions of the leniency programme, the level of reduction of the fine and the issue of multijurisdictional leniency applications. In relation to the...
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The concept of the rule of law in EU law
Tomčiak, Petr ; Kunertová, Tereza (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
The concept of the rule of law in EU law Abstract The rule of law is a philosophical concept in law defining the relationship between a man and the government. Different legal doctrines approach it in different ways, but in principle the issue of the rule of law in the European Union has become increasingly important in recent decades. The author discusses jurisprudential and theoretical foundations of the rule of law in Europe, then analyses the applicable EU law with a focus on the legal instruments for protection. Primary law refers to the concept of the rule of law already in Article 2 TEU as one of the values on which the Union is founded. Also, the rule of law is a condition for a candidate country to join the EU. The core part of the thesis addresses the instruments for the protection of the rule of law in EU law. First, Article 7 TEU, so-called 'rule of law procedure' is a mechanism by which a declaration that a Member State is at risk of violating EU values, including the rule of law, or perhaps a decision that a serious breach of values has occurred and a sanction can be adopted. The infringement procedure under Article 258 TFEU is often used to the rule of law protection. The Commission can initiate a procedure against a Member State that fails to comply with its obligations under EU law. In case...
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Scotland as an independent country? The independence referendum and EU membership after Brexit
Lavičková, Kamila ; Kunertová, Tereza (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
Scotland as an Independent Country? The Independence Referendum and EU Membership after Brexit ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the issue of Scottish independence and prospective membership of Scotland in the EU. Following the United Kingdom withdrawal from the EU, calls for Scottish independence have been substantially intensified, because the majority of Scottish inhabitants had voted against Brexit. The Scottish National Party is currently in support of a second independence referendum, so that Scots could determine whether they would like to apply for the EU membership as an independent country. The UK Government has currently rather negative attitude towards another referendum, partly because referendum regarding the same question took place in 2014 and Scottish politicians proclaimed this had been a rare event, which would not take place more than once in a generation. However, support for Scotland's independence is increasing and an independence referendum could change the face of Scotland as we have known it for three centuries - as integral part of the United Kingdom. This undoubtedly unique situation raises many legal questions in relation to EU law, constitutional law and international public law. In my thesis I dedicate to the question of withdrawal from the EU. I also analyse UK's secession from...
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Enhanced Cooperation in the EU
Flašíková, Martina ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
Enhanced Cooperation in the EU Abstract The subject of the master's thesis is the concept of enhanced cooperation in the EU. It is one of the key tools for achieving differentiated integration, which is often perceived as the future of the European Union. The thesis is aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the rules governing enhanced cooperation and its current use in practice. The evaluation of the enhanced cooperation mechanism is carried out mainly by comparison with the intergovernmental cooperation, which is often used as a replacement for enhanced cooperation. The master thesis offers a picture of enhanced cooperation as a mechanism that is imperfect but still provides a better alternative to intergovernmental cooperation. Recommendations for specific steps to improve the current legislation state and therefore to increase the use of enhanced cooperation have been formulated in the conclusion of this thesis.
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Case study of physiotherapeutic care of patient with impingement sydrom
Vontorová, Simona ; Říha, Michal (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Růžena (referee)
Title: The case report of physiotherapy care of a patient with the diagnosis of impingement syndrom. The objective of this bachelor thesis is introduction of physiotherapy of upper limb girdle with impingement syndrom. The thesis is dividend in two main parts. In the first part is described the girdle of the upper limb in the view of anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics. There are listed procedures for testing and treatment and point of view of physiotherapy and surgical treatment by arthroscopic method.In the specialized part is described a detailed case of a patient with impingement syndrom, which consists of the patient's history, incoming examination, therapy, outgoing examination and effect of the therapy . Key words: rotator cuff, shoulder joint, physiotherapy, arthroscopy, impingement syndrom
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of patient after stroke
Šťastná, Johana ; Říha, Michal (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
CASE STUDY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT OF A PATIENT AFTER STROKE Objectives: Theoretical analysis of after stroke management and elaboration of physiotherapy treatment schedule in the form of an after stroke patient case study. Methods: This work was done with patients consent within an uninterrupted practice at Central Military Hospital in Prague at the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The practice was held from 9th January to 3rd February. The work is divided into two main sections - a general (theoretical) and a special. In the general section is researched the theoretical background for status post hemorrhagic stroke. The general section includes basic characteristics of the illness, etiopathogenesis, incidence, diagnostics, treatment and options of physiotherapy methods concerning the illness. The special section contains the after stroke patient's case study, the review of proposed therapy and the therapy effect evaluation. Results: The patient's condition evolved during the treatment. The patient developed better muscular strength and joint movement, the swelling was reduced, right hand side of his body and limbs was strengthened and his overall stability and gait was improved. The improvement was indicated by functional scales tests as well. Keywords: hemorrhagic stroke,...
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