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Problém černého pasažéra v Severoatlantické alianci v období 2006 - 2016 a implikace pro fiskální politiku
Richterová, Jitka ; Maule, Petr (advisor) ; Klement, Josef (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the problem of free riding in NATO with regards to fulfilling the criteria of defence expenditures as well as econometric analysis and interpretation of the defence expenditures of the member states in the period of 2006 to 2016. Using spearman correlation test, this thesis finds a significant positive correlation between GDP of member states and their defence expenditures. Explanatory variables include main economic indicators such as GDP, GNI, share of GDP devoted to defence expenditures, average annual change in defence expenditures, etc. Main findings include the conclusion that there is a significant level of free riding in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and that larger member states indeed bear the larger burden. Furthermore, based on having lower average defence expenditures than NATO in the examined period, the thesis labels nineteen of the member states as free riding, given that their defence expenditures are below the NATO average. After examining and analysing free riding in NATO the thesis also highlights the implications and recommendations for fiscal policy.
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Influence of the military-industrial complex on the making of foreign policy of the state
Golubenko, Darya ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the degree of influence of the military-industrial complex on the foreign policy decision-making process of the state by examining the examples of certain countries with a large and developed defense industry. In terms of this thesis there were analyzed the contemporary trends in global military expenditures and the dynamics of the global arms transfers. A critical point is evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the extensive investing in the military-industrial complex of state.
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Defence Expenditures in Western Countries: Panel Data Analysis
Sosnovec, Jan ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Bobková, Božena (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to examine main determinants of military expenditures of NATO members and other Western countries. These determinants are identified and their relations with military expenditures analyzed using regression analysis on an unbalanced data panel of 30 countries during the period 1969-2011. "Military burden' - share of defense expenditures on country's GDP - is used as the explained variable. Explanatory variables include main economic indicators - GDP per capita, population, economic growth, indebtedness etc. - as well as several variables related to security (e.g. the level of threat posed by the Soviet Union) or politics (ideological orientation of the government). The question of behavior within a military alliance (contribution versus free-riding) is also taken into account. The main findings are that there are significant structural differences between major military powers - the US, France and the UK - and the rest of the Western world, and similar differences appear to exist between the Cold War and the post-Cold War periods. Furthermore some evidence is provided for the commonly held belief that smaller NATO members are essentially free-riding on the protection provided by few major powers (especially the US). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Development of the Federal Dept in the USA in 1980´s
Rybáček, Miroslav ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the influence of foreign policy of Ronald Reagan on his budget policy. The foreign policy is studied in relation to the USSR. First stage of this thesis is devoted to economic development in the USA before Ronald Reagan era with focusing on 1970's. There are also crucial aspects, which affected economic development within the Ronald Reagan era and his decisions. The goal of main part of the thesis is an analysis of impacts of foreign policy on the federal dept in the USA in 1980's with focusing on the relationship between USA a USSR. The thesis analyzes the impact of military spending and Strategic Defense Initiative on the growing federal dept as a consequence of the relationship between USA and USSR. In this stage of the thesis is descriped Reagan's budget program as well as the reasons why the program was unsuccessful. At the end of the thesis is emphasized the influence of Ronald Reagan on the dissolution of the USSR and summarizes the knowledges about the relationship between the budget and foreign policy in the USA in 1980's.
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The Analysis of Development of Military Expenditure of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Mašek, Karel ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis called "The Analysis of Development of Military Expenditure of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" is to evaluate the military expenditure of the United Kingdom with regards to changes which rose after the general election results in year 2010. In the first section theoretical definitions, historic and military-economic development of the United Kingdom are described. The second part is describing the defence reviews and the conclusions of current white paper are summarized. It also analysis the development in time, structure of defence expenditure according to purpose, evaluation of British troops participating in selected international military operations as well as the status of the United Kingdom among NATO members regarding the fulfilment of the commitment to NATO of spending at least 2% of GDP on Defence. The final part is dedicated to the international comparison of 15 countries with the highest military expenditure.
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Economic policies practised by Ronald Reagan in the USA
Bureš, Vladimír ; Antoš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Urban, Luděk (referee)
This work analyses the economic policies applied by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s in the United States of America. At first it deals with the characteristics of the main economic approach used in the 1970s and the reasons for its failure. Further it describes personality, political beginnings and the preferred economic direction of Reagan. Following this is the main part of the work, which concerns the characteristics of the most important areas of Reagan's unique economic policy. Remarks on foreign policy are also present. In the end the work examines and analyses the impacts of Reagan's policies on chosen economic indicators, in comparison with those that occurred under other American Presidents. It also presents the opinions of notable economists regarding Reagan's economic policies.
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