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Nurses' approach to patients with dementia in general hospital wards
VAN HORIK, Nina
This bachelor thesis focuses on the approach of nurses to patients with dementia in standard wards. The thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part contains the definition of the term dementia, distionction of individual types and stages, distinction of symptoms, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapy. Furthermore, it deals with communication and attitudes towards patients with dementia and problematic behaviour stemming from the disease. In the empirical part of the thesis, the aim was to identify general nurses' approaches to patients with dementia, the factors that may influence their approach, and then compare approaches of nurses with each other. A quantative method using a non-standardised questionnaire was chosen to conduct the research. The questionnaire was used to examine the approach of nurses to patients with dementia and to their awareness of specific and modern methods used in the care of patients with dementia. The responses of respondents from four types of standard wards were then statistically analysed. The results show that neither the length of practice nor the highest educational attainment affects the approach of nurses to patients with dementia, on the contrary, what affects their approach is the type of ward. It was also found that the use of modern methods does not depend on the education of the nurses, but again on the type of ward. The results of the investigation highlight the divergent approaches of nurses to patients with dementia and what factors may influence the approach. The result of the thesis can be used to develop a seminar to inform about modern methods in the care of patients with dementia and how to communicate and treat the patients.
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Nursing care of patient with liver cirrhosis
MATIÁŠOVÁ, Michaela
Abstract This bachelor thesis is focused of nursing care about patient with liver cirrhosis and problematics. Liver cirrhosis is disease characterized by nodular transformation of liver which prevalence is increasing By this disease is nursing care focused on pacient´s needs, importatnt is also the education of the patient about regime measures. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to find out what are the specifics of nursing care of a patient with liver cirrhosis. The practical part was processed by using a qualitative research survey. The first research group consisted eight nurses working on gastroenterology department. The second research group consisted seven patients with diagnosed liver cirrhosis. The semistructured interview became the technique of data collection. The results of the research show that the nurses don´t adequately assess the risk of malnutrition. Further we found out, patient aren´t sufficiently informed about potential compliacations of liver cirrhosis. The results also showed us that nurses have good knowledge about liver cirrhosis and they haven´t deficiences in nursing care. Patients were satisfied with nursing care during their hospitalization. Some patients, even they were properly educated about regime measures, were unable to change their lifestyle, so they had to be admitted in hospital again. Based on the results, was designed an information brochure. It can be used as a study material for students or can be used in practise for nurses and patients.
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The use of elements of the Basal stimulation concept in long-term intensive nursing care department
KAFKOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis is focused on the use of the elements of the Basal stimulation concept in a long-term intensive care unit. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to find out how nurses incorporate the concept of Basal stimulation into the care of patients on the LTINC unit. To achieve this aim, one research question was set, "How do nurses incorporate the concept of Basal stimulation into the care of patients on the LTINC unit?" The data collection technique was semi-structured interviews and overt non-participant observation. The research population consisted of 5 nurses working in the long-term intensive care unit of a selected hospital in the Vysočina Region. Based on the analysis of the interview data, 4 categories and 3 subcategories were created. The data collected by observation was divided into 6 categories. From the results of our work, it is clear that the nurses who formed our research population incorporate elements of the Basal stimulation concept into the care of patients hospitalized in the LTINC unit in every contact with them. The most used elements of this concept on this ward are the initial touch, addressing, positioning, placing patients in vibrating and conventional chairs and the use of the patient's favourite toilet aids. Patients most often respond to initial touch combined with addressing and their initial reactions include eye fixation, general calming and reduction of spasticity. Recommendations for practice: We recommend to include only 4 types of selected scents into the care of patients using olfactory stimulation.
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Possibilities of nurse activity in primary prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease
FIKAROVÁ, Anna
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an incurable condition that is increasingly prevalent worldwide. Therefore, prevention is particularly important. Nurses in primary care encounter patients at increased risk for developing CKD and can contribute to its prevention by raising awareness about the disease and ways to prevent it. Objective: The main goal of the study was to determine the perception of nurses in the primary prevention of chronic kidney failure. Methods: The research part was conducted by qualitive research method in the form of semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of seven nurses working in a general practitioner's office for adults. The information gathered was analysed using open coding with the qualitative statistical program Atlas.ti, resulting in two categories and four subcategories. Results: The results indicated that nurses at general practitioners' offices for adults see their main opportunity in the primary prevention of CKD as educating patients, which they conduct through oral discussions and by offering informational leaflets. Nurses primarily inform patients about maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regimen measures, familiarising patients with the disease, its complications, and the importance of regular participation in preventive examinations. Nurses perceive screening tests, which allow for the identification of at-risk individuals for CKD, as an important element in primary prevention. Conclusion: The primary prevention of CKD is primarily hindered by patients' insufficient knowledge about the disease, from which patient cooperation is derived. To enhance the efficacy of primary prevention, nurses would benefit from increased time per patient and more comprehensive promotion of CKD.
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Education of diabetic patient after total pancreatectomy
BAKOVÁ, Terezie
This bachelor thesis titled "Diabetic patient education after total pancreatectomy" addresses the impact on quality of life of patients with new-onset diabetes after total pancreatectomy. It also deals with the process of education for these patients by general nurses and licensed practical nurses.The aim of this thesis was to map the education of patients after total pancreatectomy. To achieve this aim, a qualitative investigation was used, conducted using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with five patients after total pancreatectomy and six nurses who educate these patients. Three research questions were established to answer the stated aim. The questions investigated how education by licensed practical nurses and general nurses takes place in patients after total pancreatectomy. They also investigated what limitations occur in patients after the procedure. The problems encountered by patients in adhering to the treatment regimen were also investigated.The results of the research investigation indicate that nurses most often carry out education in an individual way, and they agree on the topics they include in the education. Education is mainly carried out in the areas of insulin administration, self-monitoring and prevention of complications. Results of other data indicate that insulin administration, compliance of dietary measures, and glucose fluctuations are the most common problems in patients' adherence to their treatment regimen. Digestive disorders, fatigue, changes in eating habits, and limitations in social life are considered the greatest limitations. The research also found that there are no leaflets available signeted for patients after total pancreatectomy. The results of this bachelor thesis may serve to inform future patients before undergoing total pancreatectomy, to provide information about the consequences and impact of this procedure on quality of life. They could also inform licensed practical nurses and general nurses about the problems and shortcomings experienced by patients after total pancreatectomy, and they could positively influence education in these areas.
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Issues of geriatric palliative care
ŘÍHOVÁ, Marcela
Introduction: As the number of elderly people increases, so do the demands for specialized palliative care. Therefore, this bachelor thesis deals with the issue of palliative care in geriatric individuals. Objectives of the thesis: This thesis aims to find out what knowledge nurses, in selected wards, have about geriatric palliative care and what is the continuity, of geriatric palliative care, between hospitals and nursing homes. Methodology: The qualitative research technique of the semi-structured interview method was used. Using the snowball sampling method, the research population consisted of nurses selected based on specified criteria. A total of 11 interviews were conducted with general nurses working in the South Bohemia and West Bohemia regions. The results were processed using the "pencil paper" method. Within the framework of open coding, 6 categories, 18 subcategories, and 154 codes were identified. Results: Nurses in selected departments are informed about geriatric palliative care issues and are still interested in further education. The results also indicate deficiencies in the amount of information being conveyed. Sending patients/clients in inappropriate conditions was repeatedly mentioned. Communication among nurses takes place through transfer messages or, if necessary, minimal telephone contact. Nurses provide standard care for geriatric palliative patients, but in some areas, they have an individual approach based on the needs and desires of the patient. Conclusion: The research results once again underscore the necessity of paying greater attention to the quality and organization of handover between hospital facilities and senior care homes.
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Communication of nurses with hearing impaired patient on covid units
RAUŠOVÁ, Ilona
Introduction: For nurses, communication is a basic instrument in the nursing process. During the Covid-19 pandemic, nurses were obliged to wear protective equipment to prevent the spread of the disease. Protective equipment, especially masks, have a negative impact on nurse - patient communication. They dampen the volume of spoken speech, prevent reading and recognition of facial expressions. Nurses had to deal with these communication barriers while maintaining the nursing standards. Purpose of this work: The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to find out the specifics when communicating with a hearing-impaired patient. Methodology:The empirical part of this thesis was processed using the method of qualitative research analysis. To collect data, a semi-structured interview was used with nurses who worked at a covid-19 unit during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conversations took place in the period from March to May 2023. The conversations were recorded with the participants consent on a mobile phone by the use of the application Záznamník (recorder). The interviews were written afterwards in text, using the Microsoft Word program. Written data were then analyzed by the method of open coding, using the "pencil and paper"technique. The data obtained were divided into three categories, which were subsequently divided into subcategories. For better illustration, the individual categories and subcategories were drawn up in clear diagrams and described in detail. Results:The work results were divided into three categories, which are: hearing-impaired patient, barriers to nursing care and nurses' communication with hearing-impaired patients. Both categories are divided to the period before the Covid-19 pandemic, the period during the pandemic and the period after the end of the pandemic. Research indicates that the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the nurses' approach towards barrier nursing care and nurses have gained invaluable experience in the sense of communication with hearing impaired patients. They learned to improvise and use all available communication tools. They shared information, advice and psychological support with each other. Conclusion: This work documents the view of nurses on barrier nursing care and their influence on communication with hearing-impaired patients. The research showed that nurses overcame the communication barriers and were able to maintain the standards of nursing care. They adapted to demanding conditions, learned to use simple tools which made it easier for them to communicate with hearing-impaired patients. They deepened their mutual cooperation. At the same time, it revealed that most nurses coped with these problems based on their intuition. For nurses, this experience created the need for professional training in the field of communication with hearing-impaired patients. The work provides an overall view of the issue of communication in the nursing process when using protective equipment. It presents tools that can help overcome the communication barrier. The results may help other nurses in practice.
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Implementation of Fracture Liaison Service in the Czech Republic
VRABLÍKOVÁ, Květa
The main goal of the rigorous work was to verify the feasibility of implementing a coordinated care program for patients after osteoporotic fractures (so-called low traumatic fractures) of the so-called Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) system in the Czech Republic from the point of view of nurses' access. Sub-objectives of the quantitative research mapped the current status of adherence to procedures in the care of patients after low-traumatic fracture from the perspective of nurses, attitudes of nurses towards implementing FLS, and access to continuing education for the position of FLS coordinator. The sub-objectives of the qualitative research compared the development of care for osteoporotic patients in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2019. They compared the situation in Lithuania, Romania, and Slovakia between 2010 and 2019.
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XI
Altmannová, Tereza ; Doseděl, Martin (advisor) ; Dvořáčková, Simona (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XI Author: Tereza Altmannová Tutor: PharmDr. Martin Doseděl, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim: Medication errors are intrinsically linked to the practice of the medical profession. They can occur at several levels - prescription, drug preparation, dispensation, administration, and subsequent use of the drug by the patient. Nurses play an important role in the process of the drug administration in a hospital setting. Because of the occurrenceof medication errors and the consequent inability to achieve desired health outcomes, efforts are nowadays made to detect and minimize them. The aim of this study was to detect and analyze medication errors occurring during drug administration by nurses in a healthcare facility in South Bohemia. Methodology: The study is a part of a multi-year project involving the Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University. The methodology is based on an observational study. The data collection took place in April 2022. Three hospital wards were assigned for the observation, where morning, midday and evening drug administration was monitored for three consecutive days. Data were recorded on a pre- generated form based on the...
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility II
Bančíková, Natalie ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Horký, Pavel (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in a health facility II Author: Natalie Blizňáková Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Ondřej Tesař Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim: Medication errors are one of the main causes of adverse events that can lead to damage to health or death of the patient. The aim of this work was to analyze the administration of drugs by nurses to patients hospitalized in one health facility providing inpatient care in the South Bohemian region with emphasis on medication errors and their prevention. Methodology: This diploma thesis is part of a long-term observation-intervention project, which takes place in the years 2020-2023. The surgical, internal medicine and aftercare departments were observed. Data collection for this work took place in the form of direct observation by a trained team of pharmacists and nurses, from June 28 to July 1 and from August 23 to August 26, 2021, for three consecutive days. The following data were collected: patient data (e.g., age; gender; all drugs used), data on the nurse administering the drugs (e.g., length of practice and education) and data on the actual administration of drugs (e.g., method of patient identification; nurse...
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