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Factors influencing variability i behaviour towards novel and aposematic prey in tits (Paridae)
Adamová, Dana
Inter-specific and intra-specific variation in reactions towards novel and aposematic prey was found in several species of tits (Paridae). This Ph.D. thesis is focusing on various factors influencing reactions towards novel and aposematic prey in three European species of tits. We tested differences in exploration behaviour, neophobia, dietary conservatism, personality, age and experience as well as ability of avoidance learning and generalisation. We found no difference in exploration behaviour and in reaction towards novel prey in two different populations of great tits (Parus major). But the birds from the Finnish population were more neophobic than Czech birds, but they attacked aposematic firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus) more often and faster than Czech birds. The difference can be explained by a different experience with local aposematic prey communities. Than we studied initial wariness in naive juveniles of great tits (P. major), coal tits (Periparus ater) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), and we tested how the initial wariness towards novel and aposematic prey can be deactivated by experience with palatable prey. Great tits and coal tits from experienced groups significantly decreased their neophobia towards both types of prey while blue tits did not change their strongly neophobic...
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Content-based exploration of unstructured data
Čech, Přemysl ; Lokoč, Jakub (advisor) ; Barthel, Kai Uwe (referee) ; Gudmundsson, Gylfi Thor (referee)
Effective analysis, searching and browsing throughout arbitrary multimedia collections is still a challenging task. To perform a search among multimedia objects, first, a similarity model has to be defined. Such a model establishes methods describing how the content of individual objects is processed and how key features and descriptors, that are used for modeling similarity between objects, are formed. This task is not trivial since there can be many ways of determining how to comprehend the content of multimedia data. Furthermore, with the growing size of contemporary database collections, multimedia retrieval and exploration are extremely computationally intensive. Hence, researchers investigate support indexing structures that can evaluate similarity queries and can respond to user's queries in almost real-time even on datasets counting billions of objects. Another very important aspect of a retrieval system is the user interface for defining queries as well as presenting retrieved results. A multimedia system should offer various inputs for formulating user's queries, especially for situations in which a user cannot provide an ideal query example. Finally, a well- arranged and easy to read interface for visualization of retrieved results is essential for the success of a multimedia exploration and...
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Assessment of selected part of sewer network in urbanized area
Köhler, David ; Prax,, Petr (referee) ; Raclavský, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to assess the current state of sewerage of the site of interest in Ostrava and to suggest a possible renewal or extension of the sewer network. The work is divided into accompanying report, technical report, hydrotechnical calculations and drawing documentation. The assessment consists of determination of the technical state of selected sewers, hydraulic assessment of the sewer network with a proposal of possible measures and economic evaluation of these measures. In the part of hydrotechnical calculations creation of hydraulic model in program MIKE URBAN is described, including process of calibration and simulation of individual proposed variants of renewal or extension of sewer network of the locality of interest.
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Methods of Multi-Modal Data Exploration
Grošup, Tomáš ; Skopal, Tomáš (advisor) ; Schöffmann, Klaus (referee) ; Dohnal, Vlastislav (referee)
Digitalization throughout the industry leads to rapidly increasing amounts of data captured and stored which brings forth challenges for indexing and ac- cessing large digital repositories. Very often, the data takes form of complex multi-part entities, such as images with relational attributes, photos with ge- ographical coordinates or textual posts with multimedia content and implicit social relationships. The complexity of such entities and lack of fixed struc- ture makes it impossible to use classical information retrieval methods based on attribute filtering, ranking or grouping, as it is not easy or sometimes even possible to define an exact query. In this thesis, we target data exploration as an act of exploring an unfamiliar area via a series of intuitive, effective and efficient system-supported steps. We present methodologies, demo applications and evaluation results targeting different data sources of multimedia data. Fur- thermore, we focus on the ability to utilize multiple modalities within a single session and on integrating the results into widely used software solutions.
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Evaluation of a historically valuable reinforced concrete structure
Uchytilová, Jitka ; Láník, Jaromír (referee) ; Cikrle, Petr (advisor)
In the theoretical chapters of the bachelor thesis is summary of the historical development of reinforced concrete construction, including individual components of concrete. Furthermore, the issue of the evaluation of historically valuable structures and used diagnostic methods is processed. In the practical chapter there is a diagnostic survey of the selected historical structure including the conceptual design of rescue.
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Study of rehabilitation of the selected part of the sewerage network in Ostrava
Köhler, David ; Malaník,, Stanislav (referee) ; Raclavský, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to evaluate the current state of knowledge in the area of rehabilitation of sewerage networks. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part of the thesis the aim is to describe in detail the process of remediation and presenting the most frequently used rehabilitation technologies. In the practical part of the thesis a practical demonstration of the design of the rehabilitation is carried out on the selected section of the sewerage network in Ostrava. This part of the thesis is broken down into a main text and technical report. Within the practical part, the construction and technical condition of the selected part of the sewer network is assessed, and the design of rehabilitation works, and economic evaluation is carried out.
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Effects of melanin-based coloration and commensalism on performance in behavioural tests: a comparative study
Kahounová, Hana ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Šumbera, Radim (referee)
An intraspecific coat colour polymorphism exists in the genus Acomys. Some populations are dark and others are light-colored. Dark populations live in lava deserts, savannas and in the commensal habitat of Egypt. The subject of this thesis is to compare selected populations of Acomys in behavioral test of forced exploration. They are dark commensal, light secondary non-commensal, light non- commensal, and one dark non-commensal populations. The aim of this research is to find out whether the dark commensal populations of Acomys cahirinus differ in behavior from other populations and whether dark populations differ in behavior from light populations. According to the results, the observed behavioral parameters do not show significant differences between populations. The dark commensal populations of A. cahirinus did not differ significantly from other populations in exploratory behavior. But the dark populations preferred a dark background. No apparent differences in behavior between differently colored populations were found. However, the variability in tested behavior between populations was found. Key words: exploratory behavior, melanin, commensalism, comparative approach, open field test, Acomys
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