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Implementation of European legislation into the legal order of the Czech Republic
Pelc Vostrá, Nelly ; Zemánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Král, Richard (referee)
AAAAbstractbstractbstractbstract The main purpose of my thesis is to analyse how Czech legal order deals with the obligation to implement European legislation, and also, how it is affected by the process of implementation. The thesis consists of two major parts. Part One describes the European law system from the point of view of its effects on a national law; the direct effect as well as the obligation to implement the EU law into national legal acts are considered. Part Two is divided into six chapters; each chapter deals with a different aspect of Czech obligation to implement and apply the EU law. Czech government is the main legislative initiator and has developed detailed rules for preparing government bills. However, the praxis is far from ideal. Both chambers of Czech Parliament are affected by serious lack of interest in the process of implementation. The Constitutional court provides a constantly growing judicature of open-minded interpretation of the national law with respect to the EU law. On the other hand, it shows a surprising reluctance to refer for a preliminary ruling at the Court of Justice of the European Union. Czech courts have to deal with principles of application of the EU law. With respect to a principle of damages for failure to fulfil the member state's obligations under EU law,...
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Implementation of European legislation into the legal order of the Czech Republic
Pelc Vostrá, Nelly ; Zemánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Král, Richard (referee)
AAAAbstractbstractbstractbstract The main purpose of my thesis is to analyse how Czech legal order deals with the obligation to implement European legislation, and also, how it is affected by the process of implementation. The thesis consists of two major parts. Part One describes the European law system from the point of view of its effects on a national law; the direct effect as well as the obligation to implement the EU law into national legal acts are considered. Part Two is divided into six chapters; each chapter deals with a different aspect of Czech obligation to implement and apply the EU law. Czech government is the main legislative initiator and has developed detailed rules for preparing government bills. However, the praxis is far from ideal. Both chambers of Czech Parliament are affected by serious lack of interest in the process of implementation. The Constitutional court provides a constantly growing judicature of open-minded interpretation of the national law with respect to the EU law. On the other hand, it shows a surprising reluctance to refer for a preliminary ruling at the Court of Justice of the European Union. Czech courts have to deal with principles of application of the EU law. With respect to a principle of damages for failure to fulfil the member state's obligations under EU law,...
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Fuzzification of simple systems of deontic logic
Vostrá, Nelly ; Bílková, Marta (referee) ; Běhounek, Libor (advisor)
Deontické logiky bývají formalizovány jako druh modálních logik. V této práci aplikuji fuzzy modální logiku na dvojí systémy monadick ých deontických logik - systémy deontické logiky v užším smyslu a systémy alethické logiky s výrokovou konstantou Q. Pro tyto nové fuzzy deontické logiky dokazuji lokální větu o dedukci, korektnost vřuči příslušným fuzzy rámcřum a definovatelnost deontick ých systémřu v alethických.
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Práva a povinnosti majoritních akcionářů
Vostrá, Nelly ; Kříž, Radim (advisor) ; Labancz, Ladislav (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá skupinou akcionářů, kteří vlastní velký podíl na hlasovacích právech ve společnosti a mohou tak ovlivňovat její chod. Obchodní zákoník a jiné zákony pro tyto akcionáře stanoví zvláštní druh práv (možnost prosadit rozhodnutí valné hromady, právo výkupu cenných papírů, převod jmění na akcionáře) i povinností (povinný veřejný návrh smlouvy, povinná nabídka převzetí, oznamovací povinnost, nabídka na odkoupení). Práce tato práva a povinnosti zkoumá a hodnotí jejich zapracování do platné legislativy.
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