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Trade and Politics: Political Determinants of International Trade Flows
Sosnovec, Jan ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Paulus, Michal (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Master's thesis Trade and Politics: Political Determinants of International Trade Flows Author: Bc. Jan Sosnovec Supervisor: Ing. Vilém Semerák, M.A., Ph.D. January 3, 2018 Abstract This thesis takes a comprehensive look at the relationship between international trade and politics. The first part of this thesis is theoretical. Besides providing a useful overview of this highly complex subject, it makes a contribution to the contemporary theory by proposing two simple models. The first of these models explains how because of complementarity of institutions, countries end up stuck with inefficient institutions and consequently high trade costs; countries can break out of this inefficient equilibrium only by coordinating their actions. The second proposed model shows how governments set trade barriers in order to pursue their political aims, while at the same time staying popular in order to remain in power. This model is consistent with a wide variety of regime types and ideologies, and takes into account voter heterogeneity. The second part of this thesis is empirical. It uses the gravity model of trade, with multilateral resistance terms represented either by fixed effects or by the Baier-Bergstrand linear approximation of...
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Trade and Politics: Political Determinants of International Trade Flows
Sosnovec, Jan ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Paulus, Michal (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Master's thesis Trade and Politics: Political Determinants of International Trade Flows Author: Bc. Jan Sosnovec Supervisor: Ing. Vilém Semerák, M.A., Ph.D. January 3, 2018 Abstract This thesis takes a comprehensive look at the relationship between international trade and politics. The first part of this thesis is theoretical. Besides providing a useful overview of this highly complex subject, it makes a contribution to the contemporary theory by proposing two simple models. The first of these models explains how because of complementarity of institutions, countries end up stuck with inefficient institutions and consequently high trade costs; countries can break out of this inefficient equilibrium only by coordinating their actions. The second proposed model shows how governments set trade barriers in order to pursue their political aims, while at the same time staying popular in order to remain in power. This model is consistent with a wide variety of regime types and ideologies, and takes into account voter heterogeneity. The second part of this thesis is empirical. It uses the gravity model of trade, with multilateral resistance terms represented either by fixed effects or by the Baier-Bergstrand linear approximation of...
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Defence Expenditures in Western Countries: Panel Data Analysis
Sosnovec, Jan ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Bobková, Božena (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to examine main determinants of military expenditures of NATO members and other Western countries. These determinants are identified and their relations with military expenditures analyzed using regression analysis on an unbalanced data panel of 30 countries during the period 1969-2011. "Military burden' - share of defense expenditures on country's GDP - is used as the explained variable. Explanatory variables include main economic indicators - GDP per capita, population, economic growth, indebtedness etc. - as well as several variables related to security (e.g. the level of threat posed by the Soviet Union) or politics (ideological orientation of the government). The question of behavior within a military alliance (contribution versus free-riding) is also taken into account. The main findings are that there are significant structural differences between major military powers - the US, France and the UK - and the rest of the Western world, and similar differences appear to exist between the Cold War and the post-Cold War periods. Furthermore some evidence is provided for the commonly held belief that smaller NATO members are essentially free-riding on the protection provided by few major powers (especially the US). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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