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Essay on Dependency. Political Philosophy and Deficiency of a Man
Smutný, Robert ; Bierhanzl, Jan (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the issue of dependence in the context of political philosophy. The first chapter aims to demonstrate when and how the concept of the independent individual emerged in liberal political philosophy. At the same time, the chapter aims to highlight the historical contingency of this viewpoint, both in terms of the specific challenges liberalism sought to address and more general philosophical conceptions. The second chapter focuses on the conservative reaction to liberalism. It first identifies its distinctive features and then explores the ideas used by British conservative Roger Scruton to justify his political intuitions. Three excursions introduce Wittgenstein's argument against private language in the context of his philosophy of Lebensform, Hegel's concept of recognition from the dialectic of lord and bondsman, and Charles Taylor's concept of authenticity. The third chapter specifically examines the thinking of Judith Butler, in which the notion of dependence gradually gains increasing significance, whether in its psychological or physiological dimension. The conclusion of the thesis then attempts to demonstrate in what sense the various forms of dependence presented throughout the thesis can be understood as liberating.
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A Critique of Popular Music in Roger Scruton's Thoughts
Smutný, Robert ; Dykast, Roman (advisor) ; Kulka, Tomáš (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with a critique of popular music by the British conservative philosopher Roger Scruton. It is based on a premise that this critique is not purely aesthetic, as it is deeply rooted in Scruton's conception of art, culture, and man. The first part of the thesis, therefore, deals with this broader context, and its outcome is an explanation of the reasons why Scruton rejects popular music as an integral part of popular culture. The second part of the thesis focuses on Scruton's philosophy of music, in other words, on questions of musical aesthetics: what the ontological status of music is, what the nature of its meaning is, what its value is, and what its 'ethical power' is. The third part is devoted to the critique of popular music itself: first, the concept of popular music is clarified, and then the outputs of the two previous chapters are linked to fully grasp Scruton's condemnation of popular music. In the end, the thesis points to problematic aspects of Scruton's theory: it questions the adequacy of applying the model of evaluating classical music to the case of popular music.
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The Influence of "Zhdanovism" on the Development of Czech musical Aesthetics after "Victorious February"
Smutný, Robert ; Dykast, Roman (advisor) ; Kaplický, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on Czech musical aesthetics after "Victorious February". This sphere of public life was controlled in accordance with Soviet model due to the political changes. This was the reason why Czech authors assumed originally Soviet campaign against formalism. The first part of the thesis deals with the Soviet part of the story. We focus on two main themes: social function of music (or art in general) and limits of representation in music. The second part focuses on Czech debate or its main protagonists respectively: Zdeněk Nejedlý, Josef Stanislav, Miroslav Barvík and Antonín Sychra. The Czech debate is compared with the Soviet model in the end. Keywords socialist realism | normative aesthetics | musical aesthetics | zhdanovism | ideology
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