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The use of biomass ash
Ochecová, Pavla ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
One of the most frequently used sources of renewable energy is biomass, mainly wood biomass. Incineration is the most common technology utilizing the energy from biomass to produce heat. A byproduct of these technologies is ash, whose composition depends on the feedstock composition and the incineration technologies. Due to the high content of valuable nutrients in ash, one of the suitable option for ash utilization seems to be application into agricultural or forestry land. Therefore, it is necessary to test response of soils and plants and look for the most suitable combination of soil additive (biomass ash), and plants. Experimental part of PhD thesis was divided into the incubation experiment and the vegetation pot experiments. The incubation experiment: The efficiency of ash addition at two application rates was tested for nutrients enrichment in different soils within period of 56 days. The vegetation pot experiments: The two plants Triticum aestivum L: (three-year experiment) and Lolium perenne L. (one-year experiment) were planted in the 5L pots. Soils were treated with ash or ash combinated by superphoshate and flue gas desulfurization gypsum. For both plants, we evaluated the plant growth, biomass production and content of macro, micro and toxic elements in the biomass and in the soils.
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Administration of Outdoor Areas in the Integrated Management System of The Company Foxconn CZ Pardubice
Zemánková, Jana ; Zilvar, Josef (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
Determination and Organisation of Administration of the Company Outdoor Areas.
Objective of the Thesis: Rationalisation of Outdoor Areas in the Integrated Management System of Foxconn CZ Pardubice.
Working Procedures and Methods:
- Expert Literature Research
- Research Throughout the Available Information Resources
- Research in the Internal Foxconn CZ Documentation
- Determination of Management of the Company Outdoor Areas in the Facility Management Sector and SER (Social and Environmental Responsibility)
- System Analysis of the Current Management of Foxconn CZ Outdoor Areas
- Proposal of a System of Management of the Company Outdoor Areas in the Foxconn CZ Integrated Management System
- Summary and Recommendations.
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Minimal standard for making land-use plans and their follow utilization
Slánková, Pavla ; Zilvar, Josef (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
The MA thesis deals with the issue of creating a spatial plan as one of the most important documents which regulate the state of using individual spaces within the Hradec Králové Region from the viewpoint of a Hradec Králové Region Regional Office employee who deals with spatial planning activities as part of his workload. The introduction of this thesis describes the process and the very creation of spatial plans with reference to current legislation that regulates this issue in the Czech Republic. The thesis introduction also describes the Minimum Standard for the Digital Creation of Spatial Plans in the GIS,MINIS project, which is being applied in the Hradec Králové Region as a recommended methodic for creating spatial plans on its territory. The second part of the thesis focuses on the development and evaluation when putting the aforementioned project,methodic in the Hradec Králové Region into practice. As part of the development and evaluation, the impact of creating spatial plans per the cited project,methodic, which concerns all the affected subjects dealing with the issue of creating and subsequently using a spatial plan, will be evaluated. An analysis has also been made based on these evaluations and analyses, whether the Hradec Králové Region selected an appropriate strategy concerning support, which recommends the MINIS methodic when creating spatial plans on its own territory.
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Decision making in SMEs
Celba, Šimon ; Dömeová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
The goal of the work is the creation of a system for decision making support in the company BSL, s.r.o.. The system for the decision making is to resolve the problem with decision making in choosing personal computers for the companys partners.
In the thesis a system for decision making for the company BSL is suggested, as well as its functions and the methodology it utilizes are clearly described. The abilities of the systems are introduced through realistic computations during the choice of a personal computer for individual BSL partners. The results are interpreted through a user interface where the individual options of interaction and users system functions are described. The conclusion of the work includes the results of the individual computations along with suggestion of the best personal computer for individual partners.
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The Influence of Soil Amendments on the Uptake of Toxic Elements and Nutrients by Plants
Vondráčková, Stanislava ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
Plant cultivation in soils heavily contaminated by risk elements is a challenging issue due to phytotoxic effects that restrict plant growth. Liming and phosphate additives application reduce the mobility of some risk elements in contaminated soils and can be a suitable measure for contaminated soils but can also affect availability of nutrients for plants. Therefore, it is necessary to test response of tolerant plants (trees and herbs) on soils heavily contaminated by risk elements and look for the most suitable combination of soil additives and tolerant plants.
Experimental part of PhD thesis was divided into the incubation experiments and the vegetation pot experiments. The incubation experiments: The efficiency of liming and phosphate additives at three application rates was tested for micro- and toxic elements immobilisation in weakly acid and alkaline soils heavily contaminated by As, Cd, Pb, and Zn within period of 42 days. The vegetation pot experiments: The two tolerant plants Salix × smithiana Willd. (three-year experiment) and Rumex obtusifolius L. (one-year experiment) were planted in the same contaminated soils as in the incubation experiments. Both soils were untreated and treated with two doses of lime and dolomite (S. smithiana) or treated with lime and superphosphate (R. obtusifolius). For both plants, we evaluated the initial plant growth, plant mortality, biomass production or content of macro-, micro- and toxic elements in the biomass. We evaluated also the content of organic acids in the biomass of R. obtusifolius.
Higher immobilisation effects on acid-extractable Cd, Zn, Pb, and Mn was observed for fast soluble additives (lime, superphosphate) compare to slow soluble additives (dolomite, rock phosphate) only in weakly acid soil. Lime application irrespective of dose with foliar Fe application and planting willows in the second year after the application of lime seemed to be the most suitable measure for increasing biomass production and decreasing toxic elements, especially Cd and Zn, without decreasing the macro- and micronutrients in the aboveground organs of willows in weakly acid soil. Seedlings of R. obtusifolius are sensitive to high availability of Ca, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil. Biomass production was negatively related to the mobility of micro- and toxic elements. Elevated transport of micro- and toxic elements from belowground organs into leaves was recorded in both lime-treated soils and in superphosphate-treated alkaline soil as a result of sufficient amount of Ca available from soil solution as well as from superphosphate that can probably modify distribution of micro- and toxic elements in R. obtusifolius as a representative of oxalate plants. Rumex obtusifolius is an As-, Cd-, Pb-, and Zn-excluder and is sensitive to high availability of micro- and toxic elements in the soil. Soil chemical properties affect the distribution of essential elements within the plant greatly. In alkaline soil, R. obtusifolius is an Al-hyperaccumulator with the highest concentrations of oxalate in leaves, of malate in stems, and of citrate in belowground organs. These organic acids form strong complexes with Al that can play a key role in internal Al tolerance.
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Assessment of Financial Statements and the Closing of Books in a Chosen Company
Mála, Václav ; Lörinczová, Enikö (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
This diploma thesis evaluates the proces of closing accounts in a chosen company. In the theoretical part of the thesis are described legal regulations governing the area of the financial statements and book closing proces and the theoretical basis. In the practical part of the thesis is decribed a specific company and the progression of selected data from the balance sheet and profit and loss account since the launch of the company. In this thesis was accomplished the analysis of the financial situation of the company. Based on the financial analysis are recommended measures. In the next part of thesis is described the process of the financial statements and the stages of the preparation works preceding the closing of accounts. In the next part of thesis is described process of the closing of each account and the process of financial statements. In the conclusion is reviewed the financial statements process in chosen company and the recommendations.
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Completion of height point field at the university campus CULS in Prague
Votava, Tomáš ; Loula, Jiří (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
The aim of this work was to build and extension of height point field within the
Czech University of Life Sciences nearby Faculty of Enviromental Sciences and the
Faculty of Forestry. The main objective is to achieve a certain accuracy of height
designated points, so that points can be established to another height measurement.
Another goal was to use these points for teaching lessons of geodesy.
To achieve the above objectives was used precise leveling, which was conducted
by levelin machine Zeiss NI 007.
First, it was necessary to stabilize points of height point field . Point are stabilized
in the solid material into concrete. It was drilled a hole into concrete, then into hole
was impregnated a special glue, after that a nail was set into the hole. Further points
which were used in original height networks are stabilized into the tarmac and into the
holes between the paving. All information about the point can be found in positioning
data.
The theoretical part is focused on the individual chapters, which deal with
everything you need to know for the completion of this project. Gradually there are
explained each chapters which making it clear why, what and how in this work was
carried out. Describes the height systems, types of stabilizations a signaling points.
The most important chapter is chapter about leveling, which analyze the measurement
principles of leveling. For this work is the most important method of precise leveling.
The practical part is focused on workflow of measuring the point network,
principles of writing into notebooks and calculations. In which are evaluated the results
and the accompanying outputs usable for further work with the points.
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The contents of selected persistent organic pollutants in soils at selected locations within Hradec Králové city
Bartošová, Barbora ; Száková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants entering the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The main anthropogenic sources are processes for the production of electricity and thermal energy, waste incineration, road traffic and motor vehicles, aircraft, boats, steam and diesel-electric locomotives and some industrial technologies. Besides these main sources there are still a number of others, less important, e.g. working with hot tar, asphalt pavement wear and tire during vehicle operation, coking plants, plants for processing of oil and some metals plants. An indispensable source in the cities as domestic solid fuel burning furnaces.
Although Hradec Králové do not belong to the cities with extreme levels of contaminants in the air, according to the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, the levels of benzo(a)pyrene in the case of annual average concentrations exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations occurred here in 2013. While air quality is monitored regularly, the PAHs contents in soils and vegetation are not so. In our simple single experiment, we decided to assess the level of contamination of soil PAHs in the land of Hradec Kralove. It was collected 86 soil samples, in which were determined contents of 16 PAHs. Further, mushroom fruit samples that were found in the individual sampling points were analyzed.
The results showed large variability of PAHs content in the city, but did not indicate significant levels of contamination. The sum of all the determined PAU does not exceed the permissible value of the contents of these elements in soils. However, in several cases exceeding the maximum allowable content in soils with different PAHs, especially fluoranthene, anthracene and chrysene. Linear correlation analysis showed that the levels of all monitored PAHs are close correlations, which indicates that the entire spectre of PAHs in this case always originates from the same source. The PAH contents in mushrooms were in most cases below the detection limit of the determination, only rarely the detectable contents of individual PAHs were found (Cylocybe gambosa, Agaricus arvensis). We can speculate about the limited ability of fungi to accumulate PAHs or their ability to degrade these substances.
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