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Specifics of physiotherapy and preventive exercises in modern pentathletes
Hajduková, Michaela ; Raška, Otakar (advisor) ; Mádle, Kateřina (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of injury prevention in modern pentathletes. It sets itself the goal of analyzing the current epidemiological situation of injuries in modern pentathlon as well as the current preventive strategies of athletes, including the evaluation of their impact on the incidence of injuries. The nature of the work is a prospective cohort study. A modified version of the validated "Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center questionnaire on health problems" was used. This questionnaire was sent to athletes every week for 10 weeks using the Qualtrics questionnaire software. The study involved 43 probands from 15 countries, ie 4.3% of athletes registered with the UIPM (Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne). A total of 34 new injuries and overloads were recorded in 27 probands. The incidence rate of injuries of 3.1 / 1000 h of active sports was found. The most frequently reported segments of injury were the shoulder (14.7%), ankle (14.7%), knee and shin (both 11.8%). The ratio of the lower limb to upper limb injuries was found to be 3: 1. Most injuries were associated with running discipline (46%). The most commonly used injury prevention strategy was stretching, followed by strength training, massages, and consistent warm-up before training. The mean warm-up duration showed...
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Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX (NR2E1) in Regulation of Cell Reproduction and Differentiation
Raška, Otakar ; Kostrouch, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Otová, Berta (referee) ; Nedvídková, Jara (referee)
Nuclear receptors constitute a large family of transcription factors that are powerful regulators of animal tissue metabolism, homeostasis, tissue maintenance and development. They are particularly attractive for their ability to respond to the binding of hormones, metabolites, xenobiotics and artificially prepared molecules and transmit the interaction with these small lipophylic molecules to specific regulatory potential. In search for nuclear receptors that are likely to be critical for neural tissues in invertebrates and conserved during the evolution of animals, we have identified a close homologue of vertebrate TLX in a planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Planaria represent very promising biological model systems for studies on tissue maintenance and regeneration. Planaria are able to resorb their tissues and use them as sources of energy during fasting and they re-build their bodies from neoblasts when food is plentiful. Our search in Schmidtea mediterranea's publicly accessible genome sequencing data indicated that planarian genome contains at least one gene with a high degree of similarity to vertebrate TLX. We cloned full length CDS (coding DNA sequence of cDNA) and characterized the gene functionally. This showed that the planarian and vertebrate NR2E1 are highly similar...
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The impact of unilateral load on violinists' and violists' posture
Balcarová, Barbora ; Raška, Otakar (advisor) ; Grünerová Lippertová, Marcela (referee)
The main goal of this study is to discuss the impact of unilateral load on violinists' and violists' posture. Moreover, we intended to describe physical problems amongst musicians. Methods: Subjects were recruited through email communication with orchestras and an advert posted on social media. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group, called the musicians (H), included 30 violinists (21) and violists (9) in total. The second group was composed of healthy university students who were not exposed to unilateral loads. The process of data collection was split into two parts. Firstly, the subject was acquainted with the goal of the study and with the process of data collection, also the permissions form was signed. In the first part, Moire topography method was used. Both groups were tested in the standing position. The group of musicians was also tested in the playing position with the instrument in standing. Moreover, a specific form was filled focusing on pain, playing habits and ergonomics. Results: The comparison of the standing position between the musicians and control group observed on DIERS formetric 4D did not show any significant divergence within sagittal imbalance, coronal imbalance, kyphotic angle, lorodotic angle and scoliotic angle. Futhermore, the standing position and the...
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The relationship between orofacial asymmetries and spinal curves
Hajduková, Michaela ; Raška, Otakar (advisor) ; Pětioký, Jakub (referee)
Key words: temporomandibular joint, temporomandibular joint disorder, malocclusion, scoliosis, moiré, posture, spinal curves Goal: Our attempt is to determine whether subjects with pathologies in the orofacial area (malocclusion, TMJ disorders, jaw movement deviations) have higher prevalence of scoliosis or other spinal deviations than subjects without pathologies in the orofacial area. Methods: In 24 healthy young volunteers (2 men, 22 women; mean age 21,54 years) we measured following parameters of the orofacial area: occlusal parameters in static position (occlusal plane, midline deviation), position of the mandible (overjet, overbite) and also mandible movement parameters (protrusion, maximal mouth opening, mouth opening symmetry). Spinal parameters were measured using Video-Raster-Stereography device: Diers formetric 4D, a moiré topography based computerized system. We measured the scoliosis angle, kyphotic and lordotic angle, rotation of the vertebrae (maximal and mean), trunk inclination, trunk imbalance, fleche cervicale, fleche lombaire and also the amplitude of lateral deviations. To reveal possible relationships between parameters from the orofacial and spinal region Spearman's rank-order correlation or Mann-Whitney U test was performed. Results: Statistical analysis did not reveal any...
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Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX (NR2E1) in Regulation of Cell Reproduction and Differentiation
Raška, Otakar ; Kostrouch, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Otová, Berta (referee) ; Nedvídková, Jara (referee)
Nuclear receptors constitute a large family of transcription factors that are powerful regulators of animal tissue metabolism, homeostasis, tissue maintenance and development. They are particularly attractive for their ability to respond to the binding of hormones, metabolites, xenobiotics and artificially prepared molecules and transmit the interaction with these small lipophylic molecules to specific regulatory potential. In search for nuclear receptors that are likely to be critical for neural tissues in invertebrates and conserved during the evolution of animals, we have identified a close homologue of vertebrate TLX in a planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Planaria represent very promising biological model systems for studies on tissue maintenance and regeneration. Planaria are able to resorb their tissues and use them as sources of energy during fasting and they re-build their bodies from neoblasts when food is plentiful. Our search in Schmidtea mediterranea's publicly accessible genome sequencing data indicated that planarian genome contains at least one gene with a high degree of similarity to vertebrate TLX. We cloned full length CDS (coding DNA sequence of cDNA) and characterized the gene functionally. This showed that the planarian and vertebrate NR2E1 are highly similar...
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