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INFLUENCE OF HASKALAH ON THE POSITION OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY WITH A FOCUS ON CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Pavlovská, Zuzana ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The geopolitical conditions in Europe at the end of the 17th century, the transition from absolutist order to democratic systems, prompted a new cultural stream - the Enlightenment. Due to economic, social, and cultural changes in the 18th century, the Jewish Enlightenment, the so called Haskalah, emerged as a movement that brought European Enlightenment into the Jewish world. The Haskalah was an ideological and social movement that began in the early 19th century and was active until the rise of the Jewish national movement in the early 1980's. In a sense, the Haskalah represented the spread of the 18th century European Enlightenment but mainly dealt with the political status of the Jews and their relationship to European culture. Essentially, the Haskalah sought to exploit the new possibilities of economic, social, and cultural integration that became available to Jews at the end of the 18th century through the elimination of legal discrimination. Supporters of the movement - Maskilim worked in various fields: philosophy, education, culture, economy, politics, and religion. To promote Jewish emancipation in Europe, Maskilim caused a social upheaval, which resulted, among other things, in the disintegration of the traditional concept of the Kehilah and its theocratic organizational structure....
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T. G. Masaryk's relations with Jews
Borovcová, Gabriela ; Pavlovská, Zuzana (advisor) ; Biernot, David (referee)
1 SUMMARY In my thesis I have attempted to describe and assess Masaryk's attitude to the Jews and to judaism. I have strived to describe the reality as objectively as possible basing on historical and secondary sources. Masaryk's attitude to the Jews must have gone through a certain personal development; however, it does not show many turns. His childhood was influenced by the anti-Semitism of that age. In Masaryk's case, anti-Semitism was connected especially to his mother who was prejudiced this way and who naturally influenced him. In my opinion, Masaryk's attitude to anti-Semitism became nevertheless defined during his maturing. The teenage and adult Masaryk definitely cannot be marked as an anti-Semite. However, he cannot be called a philo-Semite, either. Masaryk was a real democrat and a proponent of civil society, i.e. of a world where there is no place for any prejudice of the estates. As such he was necessarily egalitarian towards the Jews, too, who he understood in a very modern way as a nationality. Masaryk saw the Jews as humans first of all, only then as a nationality, a nation or a religious group. The scientific character of his attitude manifests itself also in the Hilsner case where Masaryk attempts by all means to disprove the ritual murder theory.
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Zhodnocení reprodukce a poporodního chování ovcí v malochovu
Pavlovská, Zuzana
The thesis titled "Evaluation of reproduction and postpartum behavior of sheep in the little sheep farming," deals with the evaluation of basic reproductive performance of sheep and evaluation of postpartum behavior of ewes and lambs. Were monitored herd sheep breed Zwartbles backyard farm in the little sheep farming Laškov. Results herd reproductive performance reporting for 2012 and 2013 were compared with the results of the sheep breed Zwartbles included in the performance monitoring (PM). In 2013 reached monitored herd better results than herds in PM, while in 2012 the results were worse. Only at fertilization percentage values were observed at herd in both years better than sheep in PM. Herd 6 ewes were monitored at the time of embedding in delivery, including behavior during and after delivery. In the context of post-partum behavior was from these 6 ewes monitored their 11 lambs. U monitored ewes were found shorter gestation period than the average gestation period for sheep and ewes in 67% gave birth at night. Length delivery each lamb was variable, but always having the first lamb was longer. Ewes 73% gave birth lying down and her lambs in only 36% started licking the head and nostrils. The newborn lambs prevailed female lamb (64%) and the average weight of lambs was above average. Values relating to getting up and sucking were average, only lambs after complicated delivery was less active than the other lambs. Lambs more preferred right teat at 73% at the first and second intake.
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