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Death and the burial rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel benji monogatari
Heldenburg, Olga ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The subject of this dissertation is funeral rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel, The Tale of Genji (Genji monogatari). The analysis of the text seeks to explore the author's depiction of the end of life, the afterlife, communication with spirits or souls of dead and to summarize the notes and descriptions of the proceedings of funeral rituals including 'before burial' and memorial ceremonies. The purpose of this dissertation is to create an overview of funeral rituals and ideas of death described in the text of Genji Monogatari. The Tale of Genji is considered a document which reflects contemporary thinking and can therefore be relied on for a study of funeral and memorial rituals. The main method used to develop the topic is a detailed analysis of theoretical, practical and aesthetic aspects of death described in the Genji Monogatari novel. The ideas of the Heian Court about death and the afterlife were mainly affecting the cult of ancestors, Shinto, Taoism, Buddhism and Shamanism, which also participated in the creation of the funeral cult. Ideas of the afterlife were also very diverse. The world of the living and the world of the dead, in the concept of old Japanese, were not strictly divided and spirits had access to all spheres of life. Communication with spirits of the living and the souls...
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Political and aesthetical reflections in the thoughts of Yoshida Kenkó
Plešmídová, Dagmar ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee)
Cílem této diplomové práce je s vědomím odlišnosti japonského originálu a jeho českého a anglického překladu 9 rozebrat úvahy Jošidy Kenkóa Psáno z dlouhé chvíle ze současné perspektivy, a přiblížit tak jeho pohnutky a motivaci, odhalit zdroje (tradice, vzpomínky, zážitky, povahové rysy), emocionální náboj, inspiraci a politické vlivy, s jakými své zápisky formuloval a jakými obsahy jednotlivé pasáže naplnil. Tato práce si klade za cíl odhalit skutečné i zdánlivé rozpory v jeho pohledu na svět a zjistit, jaký smysl mají pro Kenkóa v literárním ztvárnění japonské estetické principy, zvláště z buddhismu vycházející pomíjivost (mudžó, ).
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Death and the burial rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel benji monogatari
Heldenburg, Olga ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The subject of this dissertation is funeral rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel, The Tale of Genji (Genji monogatari). The analysis of the text seeks to explore the author's depiction of the end of life, the afterlife, communication with spirits or souls of dead and to summarize the notes and descriptions of the proceedings of funeral rituals including 'before burial' and memorial ceremonies. The purpose of this dissertation is to create an overview of funeral rituals and ideas of death described in the text of Genji Monogatari. The Tale of Genji is considered a document which reflects contemporary thinking and can therefore be relied on for a study of funeral and memorial rituals. The main method used to develop the topic is a detailed analysis of theoretical, practical and aesthetic aspects of death described in the Genji Monogatari novel. The ideas of the Heian Court about death and the afterlife were mainly affecting the cult of ancestors, Shinto, Taoism, Buddhism and Shamanism, which also participated in the creation of the funeral cult. Ideas of the afterlife were also very diverse. The world of the living and the world of the dead, in the concept of old Japanese, were not strictly divided and spirits had access to all spheres of life. Communication with spirits of the living and the souls...
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Postwar Japanese literature and historical transition durin the years 1945 - 1960
Weber, Michael ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The thesis presents an assumption that literature is inspired by reality (besides other factors), and that specific literary worlds may, to a certain extent, reflect the actual state of society. Historical events around the end of WWII and the consequent rapid social changes in Japan during late 1940s and 1950s had an indisputable impact on literary production at the time. The aim of this thesis is to affirm this assumption through an analysis of selected short stories and novels from the time concerned. The analysis focuses on remarks and on references about the period of time when the prose was written, and also on behavioral and attitude changes of its characters - prototypes of the Japanese society. The direct impact of historical and social transition on literary work may also be traced in the works' themes, motifs and narrative. We can thus, in many cases, follow the development of the Japanese postwar society from 1945 until the late 1950s, when the country started to prosper economically. The selection of the analysed pieces of literature includes two novels which did not only describe the time of their origination, but also had reverse effect on society. The impact hypothesis is thus confirmed and, what is more, we can see a mutual influence exercised by both, the society and art: The...
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Speaking of the "Unspeakable". Messages hidden in the Work and in the Life of Mishima Yukio
Nymburská, Dita ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
1 Summary My dissertation focuses on Mishima Yukio and the way the author, who strongly occupied himself with reflections on the imperfection of human language during the last decade of his life, conveyed the things that he was not able to or did not want to express explicitly. The dissertation is based on the metaphor of four rivers flowing into the Sea of Fertility, one of the arid lunar maria, that the writer used for his 'inconsistent' life shortly before his death. The four rivers that merged in Mishima's final work, the grandiose tetralogy The Sea of Fertility, represented four areas of the author's life. Each of them allowed him to express his ideas and feelings in a slightly different way. The River of Writing represented his fiction, the River of Theater showed his plays and his acting, the River of Body emphasized the role of bodybuilding and other sports in his life and finally, the River of Action revealed how the effeminate writer had transformed himself into a 'man of action'. The first section of my dissertation deals with Mishima's view on verbal communication. Although Mishima was a renowned writer and playwright who for the most part led a hardworking life and poured most of his energy into his writing, his attitude towards words was rather ambivalent. On the one hand, Mishima loved...
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Political and aesthetical reflections in the thoughts of Yoshida Kenkó
Plešmídová, Dagmar ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor)
Cílem této diplomové práce je s vědomím odlišnosti japonského originálu a jeho českého a anglického překladu 9 rozebrat úvahy Jošidy Kenkóa Psáno z dlouhé chvíle ze současné perspektivy, a přiblížit tak jeho pohnutky a motivaci, odhalit zdroje (tradice, vzpomínky, zážitky, povahové rysy), emocionální náboj, inspiraci a politické vlivy, s jakými své zápisky formuloval a jakými obsahy jednotlivé pasáže naplnil. Tato práce si klade za cíl odhalit skutečné i zdánlivé rozpory v jeho pohledu na svět a zjistit, jaký smysl mají pro Kenkóa v literárním ztvárnění japonské estetické principy, zvláště z buddhismu vycházející pomíjivost (mudžó, ).
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