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Regulation of promyelocytic leukemia protein expression
Dobrovolná, Jana ; Hodný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee) ; Kovarik, Pavel (referee)
4. CONCLUSIONS Major resultsof this PhD thesiscanbe summarizedas follows: |. For full tÍanscTiptionalactivationof ISG @ML' Sp100'IRFI) by inteďeronor'the deaceýlationof unknownfactor(s)is necessary.IFNer.inducedexpressionof PML at mRNA andproteinlevel and zubsequentincreaseof PML NBs are suppressedby all tested HDACIs independentlyon cellular origin. Importantly,baml (i.e. IFNc- nonstimulated)expressionof PML is not influencedby ÍIDACIs. The classical Jak. STAT pathwaymediatingtransitionof IFNo signalremainsunaffectedby HDACIs and the targetof HDACIs lies downstreamof ISGF3 binding to PML promoter. AdverseaffectsofHDACIs usedin clinical praxisarepredicted. 2. Human mesenchymalstem cells (gfowing, confluent or terminally differentiated) expressPML protein,form PML nuclearboďes and respondto IFNcr teaEnent by dramaticelevationof PML mRNA andproteinlevels and mďerate increaseof PML NBs. Numberof PML NBs per cell nucleusis depende,nton thecultureproliferative age. ln normal diploid but not in immorbl cells PML forms various nucleoli- associatedshuctuÍes.The localization of PML into nucleoli is teestablishedin senescentcells. The importanc€ of PML association with nucleoli for its fumor suppressoractivitiesis hypothesized. 3. Drug-induced senescencein several human cell lines leads to increased PML...
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Two-photon decay of the Higgs boson: precise predictions of the standard model
Procházka, Tomáš ; Hořejší, Jiří (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
In the present work we are studying the Higgs boson decay into two photons with an emphasis on the use of various techniques used for the Feynman diagram calculations. In the rst part we thoroughly evaluate the contribution of top quark and W-boson loop in various way. Then we consider the QCD corrections to quark masses and electromagnetic interaction. In next chapters we evaluate the QCD corrections to the top quark loop in detail - rstly by the expansion in a small Higgs mass and then exactly using the integration-by-parts identities and dierential equations. Finally we make an overview of other results found in the literature.
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Resonances in chiral perturbation theory
Trnka, Jaroslav ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Kampf, Karol (referee)
In the present work we study the role of resonances in Chiral Perturbation Theory (PT), concretely the vector resonances 1. In the rst part there is presented the way which leads to the introduction of the Resonance Chiral Theory (RT). This is an approximation to QCD with innite number of colors. Then we do the calculations of various correlators and we study the high energy constraints dictated by OPE and the relationship between RT and PT at low energies. The last chapter briey mentions the problem of renormalization in RT.
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Clinical importance and mechanisms of action of morphine and methadone
Slušná, Michaela ; Hejnová, Lucie (referee) ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with gathering the information regarding the clinical importance of opioid drugs, particularly morphine and methadone, and their mechanism of action. Awareness of health professionals and the general public on opioid is inadequate. This evokes unnecessary anxiety of uninformed patients by the treatment of this kind of drugs. This thesis contains information that should know each worker in the health sector. It deals with pharmacodynamics, which is important for understanding the effects of drugs, both biochemical and physiological as well as pharmacokinetics, which describes how the body compensates for the delivered drug. Usage of morphine and methadone is currently irreplaceable. Morphine is a strong analgesic effective control of pain of different origin. Methadone is used for the substitutive treatment of people addicted to opioids. The side effects occurring during the treatment with opioids are acceptable with regard to severe pain, which is attenuated by opioids.
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Bcl-2 proteins and their role in outer mitochondrial membrane during apoptosis
Markupová, Lucie ; Novotný, Jiří (referee) ; Švandová, Ivana (advisor)
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death. It is physiological mechanism mediating catabolism of eucaryotic cells and is characterised by specific morphological and biochemical processes. It targets and destroys cells directly and afterwards eliminates cell without any demage to other nearby cells. Contrary of the apoptosis, necrosis affects more or less any random cell. Apoptosis is strictly organized and controlled process. A critical control point in apoptosis constitute proteins of the Bcl-2 family. These protein are able to adjust permeability of external (outer) mitochondrial membrane (OMM) which is an important step ahead of the whole process. Bcl-2 family proteins are usually divided into three groups. Two groups are pro-apoptotic and one group is anti-apoptotic. Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins are generally increasing permeability of outer mitochondrial membrane which leads to the release of cytochrome c and other proteins (SMAC/Diablo) from mitochondria. When cytochrome c is released frm mitochondria, it activates the assembly of the apoptosome in the cytosol that activated executive caspase. On the other hand, anti-apoptotic proteins deactivate pro-apoptotic proteins and regulate their function.
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Spatial and material conditions applicable to physical activities of young adolescents living in Central Bohemia Region
Flemr, Libor ; Slepičková, Irena (advisor) ; Čáslavová, Eva (referee) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
Spatial and material conditions applicable to physical activities of young adolescents living in Central Bohemia Region The major objective of dissertation thesis was to explore the continuity of spatial and material conditions and affiliation to physical activities of individuals aged 12-15 years, i.e. young adolescents, living in municipalities, around the area of Central Bohemia Region (population 10 000-22 000) and their surroundings. The presented study was conducted predominantly as an empirical association research. The research sample consisted of 2 660 young adolescents living in five muni- cipalities in the area of Central Bohemia Region (Benešov, Beroun, Čelákovice, Kutná Hora, Neratovice) and their close surroundings. However, 2 564 properly completed questionnaires were analyzed. No direct relationship was found between the perceptions of spatial conditions, individual material equipment of young adolescents, and their attendance in physical activities. The correlation between spatial conditions applicable to locomotion activity and between locomotion activity of young adolescents reached r = -0.04. The correlation coefficients between spatial conditions applicable to sport and between organized sport activity in young adolescents were ranging from -0.10 to 0.19, and from -0.17 to 0.26...
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