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Causes of the higher unemployment in the Ústí nad Labem region
Neumann, Daniel ; Pělucha, Martin (advisor) ; Kouřilová, Jana (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to find and analyze the causes of the higher than average levels of unemployment found in the Ústí nad Labem region. Recently, there has been great pressure to decrease of level unemployment throughout the Czech Republic. However, persistent levels of long term unemployment have plagued several regions of the CR such as the Ústí nad Labem. Despite concerted attempts to address them they have remained unchanged and will thus provide a useful focus for this paper. The theoretical part of this paper provides a description and explanation of the basic terms and principles that surround the problems of unemployment, a definition of its categories, and a description of the causes and consequences of long term unemployment. In addition, the paper describes several approaches of measuring unemployment. The second chapter contains a detailed commentary of each group based on unemployment statistics and a comparison to other similar groups in other European states. Finally, this part provides a synopsis of several groups in the labor market who have traditionally not responded to policies intended to relieve chronic unemployment and looks at how this has damaged their communities. The practical part of the paper is focused on the causes of unemployment in the Ústí nad Labem region. There are many possible causes such as the transformation from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, the limitations of coal mining in the region, a higher number of Romany people, lower education levels, high rate of long-term unemployment and other causes. Data was compiled from the Czech statistics office, programs of development from the Ústí nad Labem region, the Department of Labor, as well as expert analysis focused on labor market, and personal interviews with unemployment specialists. Descriptive, comparative and analytical methods are used in this part. An additional value of this thesis is an analysis of the structurally damaged region and an analytical evaluation that can be used in the process of developing program documents which will solve interventions included in determined competence of European Social Fund.
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Are programs for minimization of Roma unemployment in the Czech Republic effective?
Neumann, Daniel ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis analyzes whether programs for minimization of Roma unemployment in the Czech Republic are effective. Based on the data and analysis of these programs I could conclude that these programs are not effective. I arrived at this conclusion by means of calculating the costs for allocation of one Roma into employment compared with the costs which would be expended by the state in a period of one year when this person would be unemployed. Because average costs expended by all the analyzed projects exceeded costs, which would be normally expended, it was possible to declare these projects as inefficient. On the basis of ascertained inefficiency of projects for decreasing Roma unemployment this thesis tries to detect possible reasons why is this unemployment so high. This thesis shows the erroneous settings of the social benefits system, which demotivates to work. It contains complex information about barriers of access of Roma ethnics to the local labour market, which have influence on high Roma unemployment. The first part contains information necessary for aquirementing a brief summary about this issue. We will get knowledge of how the Roma unemployment has been developing since the Velvet revolution and we will find out how many Roma people use the instruments of active labour market policy and which role do these instruments play in the search for employment for Roma people. The main part is focused on analysis of the efficiency of programs for minimization of Roma unemployment. It contains the description of instruments and arrangements, which could help to solve the high level of Roma unemployment. The whole work contains both data from public resources and information gained from interviews with specialists dealing with Roma unemployment.
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