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From the facial reconstruction based on the skull to the identification of the individual: demands, principles, problems
Moštková, Miroslava ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Facial reconstruction based on the skull is a technique allowing recreation of the original facial features of an individual. However, recreation of the exact look is nearly impossible at this time. Facial reconstruction is used during archaeological research or during investigation of forensic cases. The facial reconstruction methods used are morphoscopic, morphometric, or a combination of the two. They are used during a manual and computerized process to create two dimensional or three-dimensional reconstruction of the individual. Accuracy and reliability can be determined with each one of these methods by quantitative and qualitative measurements. Reliability and accuracy of the facial reconstruction should also be considered from a view of the facial perception. The human face is perceived in a holistic-analytical way which is based on a calculation of the distances between different features. Facial reconstruction is based on the recognition of familiar faces that are perceived on the basis of internal features that are not influenced by differences in the view angle or expression. Unfamiliar faces are perceived on the basis of from external features. Faces with significant facial features are identified faster. Facial features can be organized by the significance of their influence for recognition of...
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Variability and developmental changes of human face between 3 and 15 years: longitudinal and transversal approach
Moštková, Miroslava ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
- 1 - Abstract The intent of this thesis is to evaluate the differences in facial morphology of children between 3 and 15 years of age based on 3D facial models and cross-sectional data. Due to improper use of cross-sectional data for studying growth, the next part of the thesis is focused on the comparison of cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches in research. The longitudinal observation of facial developmental changes can be considered as actual growth. The cross-sectional database contains 839 3D facial models (397 boys, 442 girls). Three previously published longitudinal databases were used for comparison. Their age intervals were as follows: 3 to 6 years (12 boys, 14 girls), 6 to 12 years (15 boys, 18 girls), 12 to 15 years (23 boys, 22 girls). Geometric morphometric methods were used to analyse facial models (Coherent Point Drift - Dense Correspondance Analysis, Per Vertex T-Test and Principal Component Analysis). The results were visualized using superimposition colour maps, shell distance significance maps and their interlacing. When annual consecutive age intervals were used for cross-sectional data, we could not observe the fluency of differences in facial morphology between age categories, which we can observe during actual growth. When wider age intervals were used for cross-sectional...
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Variability and developmental changes of human face between 3 and 15 years: longitudinal and transversal approach
Moštková, Miroslava ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
- 1 - Abstract The intent of this thesis is to evaluate the differences in facial morphology of children between 3 and 15 years of age based on 3D facial models and cross-sectional data. Due to improper use of cross-sectional data for studying growth, the next part of the thesis is focused on the comparison of cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches in research. The longitudinal observation of facial developmental changes can be considered as actual growth. The cross-sectional database contains 839 3D facial models (397 boys, 442 girls). Three previously published longitudinal databases were used for comparison. Their age intervals were as follows: 3 to 6 years (12 boys, 14 girls), 6 to 12 years (15 boys, 18 girls), 12 to 15 years (23 boys, 22 girls). Geometric morphometric methods were used to analyse facial models (Coherent Point Drift - Dense Correspondance Analysis, Per Vertex T-Test and Principal Component Analysis). The results were visualized using superimposition colour maps, shell distance significance maps and their interlacing. When annual consecutive age intervals were used for cross-sectional data, we could not observe the fluency of differences in facial morphology between age categories, which we can observe during actual growth. When wider age intervals were used for cross-sectional...
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From the facial reconstruction based on the skull to the identification of the individual: demands, principles, problems
Moštková, Miroslava ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Facial reconstruction based on the skull is a technique allowing recreation of the original facial features of an individual. However, recreation of the exact look is nearly impossible at this time. Facial reconstruction is used during archaeological research or during investigation of forensic cases. The facial reconstruction methods used are morphoscopic, morphometric, or a combination of the two. They are used during a manual and computerized process to create two dimensional or three-dimensional reconstruction of the individual. Accuracy and reliability can be determined with each one of these methods by quantitative and qualitative measurements. Reliability and accuracy of the facial reconstruction should also be considered from a view of the facial perception. The human face is perceived in a holistic-analytical way which is based on a calculation of the distances between different features. Facial reconstruction is based on the recognition of familiar faces that are perceived on the basis of internal features that are not influenced by differences in the view angle or expression. Unfamiliar faces are perceived on the basis of from external features. Faces with significant facial features are identified faster. Facial features can be organized by the significance of their influence for recognition of...
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