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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Saccharides.
Mališová, Lenka ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Adámek, Roman (referee)
Solutes concentration is described by molarity in parenteral infusions. The knowledge of the osmotic concentration is also important from the therapeutic point of view. According to the Pharmacopoeia, each infusion has to be characterised by a value of its osmolarity. However, osmolarity cannot be measured. Measurement using osmometer gives osmolality, which relates to molality. The solution density is needed to perform conversion of molality to molarity and vice versa. To convert molarity to molality, the conversion factor f is needed to be defined. In case of the conversion of molality to molarity, measurement of the solution volume is needed. In this thesis, density of the solutions of glucose and fructose were measured in temperature range of 15- 40řC, both were prepared in molal concentration and molar concentration in range 0,1 - 1,0 mol/kg and/or mol/l, respectively. The equations for mutual conversion between molality and molarity were generated. The measured osmolality values were compared with the values of osmolarity estimated using three recommended methodes. Equation (8), which uses the water content in the solution, gave the most accurate estimation of osmolarity.
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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Saccharides.
Mališová, Lenka ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Adámek, Roman (referee)
Solutes concentration is described by molarity in parenteral infusions. The knowledge of the osmotic concentration is also important from the therapeutic point of view. According to the Pharmacopoeia, each infusion has to be characterised by a value of its osmolarity. However, osmolarity cannot be measured. Measurement using osmometer gives osmolality, which relates to molality. The solution density is needed to perform conversion of molality to molarity and vice versa. To convert molarity to molality, the conversion factor f is needed to be defined. In case of the conversion of molality to molarity, measurement of the solution volume is needed. In this thesis, density of the solutions of glucose and fructose were measured in temperature range of 15- 40řC, both were prepared in molal concentration and molar concentration in range 0,1 - 1,0 mol/kg and/or mol/l, respectively. The equations for mutual conversion between molality and molarity were generated. The measured osmolality values were compared with the values of osmolarity estimated using three recommended methodes. Equation (8), which uses the water content in the solution, gave the most accurate estimation of osmolarity.
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